The case for educational entrepreneurship: Hard truths about risk, reform, and reinvention

Phi Delta Kappan

Volumn 89, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 21-30

  Hess, Frederick M ^a,b  

^a Department of Education ^*

^b AMERICAN ENTERPRISE INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 34748848091     PISSN: 00317217     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/003172170708900105     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Peter F. Drucker, Innovation and Entrepreneurship (New York: HarperBusiness, 1985), p. 21.
2. W. Chan Kim and Renée Mauborgne, "Value Innovation," in Harvard Business Review on Breakthrough Thinking (Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1999), p. 200.
3. Frederick M. Hess, Spinning Wheels: The Politics of Urban School Reform (Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution, 1999).
4. Sumantra Ghoshal and Christopher A. Bartlett, The Individualized Corporation: A Fundamentally New Approach to Management (New York: HarperBusiness, 1999), p. 93.
5. Carl J. Schramm, The Entrepreneurial Imperative (New York: Harper-Collins, 2006);
6. and Paul A. London, The Competition Solution: The Bipartisan Secret Behind American Prosperity (Washington, D.C.: AEI Press, 2005).
7. William D. Bygrave, "The Entrepreneurial Process," in idem and Andrew Zacharakis, eds., The Portable MBA in Entrepreneurship, 3rd ed. (Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2004), pp. 1-27.
8. Thomson Financial Venture Economics/National Venture Capital Association, "Private Equity Enjoyed Record Fundraising Year in 2005," January 2006, available at www.nvca.org/pdf/FundraisingQ42005final.pdf.
9. Computer Use in the United States (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Survey Reports, October 1993), Table A.
10. Distance Education Courses for Public Elementary and Secondary School Students: 2002-03 (Washington, D.C.: National Center for Education Statistics, March 2005), pp. 4, 10.
11. John F. Watson, Keeping Pace with K-12 Online Learning: A Review of State-Level Policies and Practices (Naperville, Ill.: Learning Point Associates, October 2005).
12. Clayton M. Christensen and Michael E. Raynor, The Innovator's Solution: Creating and Sustaining Successful Growth (Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2003), p. 73.
13. For a fuller discussion, see Frederick M. Hess, ed., Educational Entrepreneurship: Realities, Challenges, Possibilities (Boston: Harvard Education Press, 2006).
14. Christensen and Raynor, p. 221.
15. Chris Whittle, Crash Course: Imagining a Better Future for Public Education (New York: Riverhead Books, 2005), p. 129.
16. For a more comprehensive history of entrepreneurship in America, see Drucker, chaps. 9 and 15.
17. Book sales figures are from Jim Milliot, "Top Five Pubs Take Half of Sales," Publishers Weekly, 25 April 2005, available at www.publishersweekly.com (search on the title). The figure for percentage of titles is reported by PMA, the Independent Book Publishers Association, on Dan Poynter's ParaPublishing website, www.parapublishing.com.
18. William T. Bielby and Denise D. Bielby, "Controlling Prime-Time: Organizational Concentration and Network Television Programming Strategies," Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, December 2003, pp. 373-96.
19. My calculations here are based on the 2004 Pilot Bible (Los Angeles: National Association of Television Program Executives, May 2004) and two television database websites, www.tv.com and www.imdb.com.
20. James R. Walking and Douglas A. Ferguson, The Broadcast Television Industry (Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1998), pp. 111, 120.
21. Robert B. Laughlin, "Reinventing Physics: The Search for the Real Frontier," Chronicle of Higher Education, 11 February 2005, p. B-6.
22. J. Gregory Dees and Beth Anderson, "For-Profit Social Ventures," in Marilyn Kourilsky and William B. Walstad, eds., Social Entrepreneurship (Dublin: Senate Hall, 2003), pp. 1-26.
23. Anne Dumas, "What's American and Envied by France?," Washington Post, 5 June 2005, p. B-2.
24. Diego Comin and Thomas Philippon, "The Rise in Firm-Level Volatility: Causes and Consequences," in National Bureau of Economic Research: Macroeconomics Annual 2005 (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, forthcoming); a working paper version from July 2005 is available online at http://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~tphilipp/papers/diego.pdf.
25. David B. Tyack, The One Best System: A History of American Urban Education (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1974).
26. Sara Mead, Capital Campaign: Early Returns on District of Columbia Charter Schools (Washington, D.C.: Progressive Policy Institute, October 2005).
27. Charter School Finance (Denver: Education Commission of the States, April 2003).
28. Joe Williams, Cheating Our Kids: How Politics and Greed Ruin Education (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005), pp. 23-25.
29. Michael DeArmond, "Getting Out of the Facilities Business: A Public School Real Estate Trust," in Paul T. Hill and James Harvey, eds., Making School Reform Work (Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 2004), pp. 26-40.
30. Paul T. Hill, "Entrepreneurship in K-12 Public Education," in Kourilsky and Walstad, p. 71.
31. Jessica Levin and Meredith Quinn, Missed Opportunities: How We Keep High-Quality Teachers out of Urban Classrooms (New York: The New Teacher Project, 2003).
32. As reported on The New Teacher Project website, "Who We Are" section (www.tntp.org).
33. Bygrave, p. 4.