Outpatient spinal cord injury rehabilitation: Managing costs and funding in a changing health care environment

Disability and Rehabilitation

Volumn 29, Issue 19, 2007, Pages 1525-1534

  Riis, V ^a   Verrier, M C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

Health care costs; Health care expenditures; Rehabilitation; Spinal cord injury

Indexed keywords

COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT; HEALTH CARE; HEALTH CARE ACCESS; HUMAN; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING; OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY; OUTPATIENT; PHYSIOTHERAPY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REHABILITATION CARE; REVIEW; SPINAL CORD INJURY; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TREATMENT PLANNING; VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION;

AMBULATORY CARE; CANADA; HEALTH CARE COSTS; HEALTH EXPENDITURES; HEALTH PLANNING; HUMANS; MODELS, ECONOMIC; SPINAL CORD INJURIES;

EID: 34648843318     PISSN: 09638288     EISSN: 14645165     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09638280601055741     Document Type: Review

References (67)

1. Canada Health Act (1984)
2. CIHI (2003)
3. IBC (2003)
4. Berkowitz, M., Harvey, C., Green, C. and Wilson, S. (1990) The economic consequences of traumatic Spinal Cord Injury, Paralyzed Veterans of America, Washington, D.C.
5. Harvey, C., Wilson, S. E., Greene, C. G., Berkowitz, M. and Stripling, T. E. (1992) New estimates of the direct costs of traumatic spinal cord injuries: Results of a nationwide survey. Paraplegia, 30:12, p. 834.
6. DeVivo, M., Whiteneck, G. and Charles, E. (1995) The economic impact of Spinal Cord Injury. Spinal Cord Injury: Clinical outcomes from the model systems, pp. 234-271. Aspen Publishers, New York
7. Sadowsky, C., Volshteyn, L., Schultz, L. and McDonald, J. (2002) Spinal Cord Injury. Disabil Rehabil, 24:13, p. 680.
8. Fuhrer, M. J. (2001) Assistive Technology Outcomes Research: Challenges met and yet unmet. Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 80:7, p. 528.
9. Verrier, M., Walker, J., Lawson, N., McGillivray, C., Ritchie, K. and Williams, J. (2001) Health services needs for persons with Spinal Cord Injury: Consumer, provider and payer perspectives, p. 48. Ontario Neurotrauma Foundation, Toronto
10. Tate, D. G., Stiers, W., Daugherty, J., Forchheimer, M., Cohen, E. and Hansen, N. (1994) The effects of insurance benefits coverage on functional and psychosocial outcomes after spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 75:4, p. 407.
11. Charles, E. D., Fine, P. R., Stover, S. L., Wood, T., Lott, A. F. and Kronenfeld, J. (1978) The costs of spinal cord injury. Paraplegia, 15:4, p. 302.
12. Berkowitz, M. (1993) Assessing the socioeconomic impact of improved treatment of head and Spinal Cord Injuries. J Emergency Med, 11, p. 63.
13. DeVivo, M. J. (1997) Causes and costs of spinal cord injury in the United States. Spinal Cord, 35:12, p. 809.
14. Smith, W., Simmonds, J., Alam, Z. and Grant, R. (2003) Spinal Cord Injury caused by gunshot wounds: The cost of rehabilitation. Clin Orthop Related Res, 1:408, p. 145.
15. Tator, C. H., Duncan, E. G., Edmonds, V. E., Lapczak, L. I. and Andrews, D. F. (1993) Complications and costs of management of acute spinal cord injury. Paraplegia, 31:11, p. 700.
16. Berkowitz, M., O'Leary, P. K., Kruse, D. L. and Harvey, C. (1998) Spinal Cord Injury: An analysis of medical and social costs, p. 183. Demos Medical Publishing Inc., New York
17. Angus, D E CE, Albert, T., Chenard, D. and Shariatmader, A. (1998) The economic burden of unintentional injury in Canada, p. 65. Smartrisk, Ottawa
18. O'Day, B. L. and Corcoran, P. J. (1994) Assistive technology: Problems and policy alternatives. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 75:10, p. 1165.
19. Prince, J. M., Manley, M. S. and Whiteneck, G. G. (1995) Self-managed versus agency-provided personal assistance care for individuals with high level tetraplegia. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 76:10, p. 919.
20. Stoddart, G. L. (1987) Economic evaluation of health services: More than dollars saved. Can Med Assoc J, 36:3, p. 237.
21. Sundance, P., Cope, D., Kirshblum, S., Parsons, K. and Apple, D. (2004) Systematic care management: Clinical and economic analysis of a national sample of patients with Spinal Cord Injury. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil, 10:2, p. 17.
22. Tate, D. G., Forchheimer, M., Daugherty, J. and Maynard, F. (1993) Insurance benefits coverage for persons with spinal cord injuries: Determining differences across payers. J Am Paraplegia Soc, 16:2, p. 76.
23. Tate, D. G., Forchheimer, M., Daugherty, J. and Maynard, F. (1994) Determining differences in post discharge outcomes among catastrophically and non-catastrophically sponsored outpatients with spinal cord injury. Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 73:2, p. 89.
24. WHO (2002) Towards a common language for Functioning, Disability and Health, p. 22. World Health Organization, Geneva
25. Walker, J., Williams, J., Chipman, M., Cusimano, M., McLellan, B., Simson, H., Tator, C. H. and Verrier, M. (2002) An analysis and dissemination of current neurotrauma incidence and causal data in Ontario, p. 143. Ontario Neurotrauma Foundation, Toronto
26. DeVivo, M. J. (1995) The economic impact of Spinal Cord Injury. Spinal Cord Injury. Clinical outcomes from the model systems, 1, p. 355. Aspen Publishers, New York
27. Mathew, K. M., Ravichandran, G., May, K. and Morsley, K. (2001) The biopsychosocial model and spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord, 39:12, p. 644.
28. Burns, A. and Ditunno, J. (2001) Establishing prognosis and maximizing functional outcomes after Spinal Cord Injury. Spine, 26:24, p. S137.
29. Chapin, M. and Kewman, D. (2001) Factors affecting employment following Spinal Cord Injury: A qualitative study. Rehabil Psychol, 46:4, p. 400.
30. Cifu, D. X., Huang, M. E., Kolakowsky-Hayner, S. A. and Seel, R. T. (1999) Age, outcome, and rehabilitation costs after paraplegia caused by traumatic injury of the thoracic spinal cord, conus medullaris, and cauda equina. J Neurotrauma, 16:9, p. 805.
31. Ghatit, A El and Hanson, R. (1978) Variables associated with obtaining and sustaining employment among spinal cord injured males: A follow-up of 760 veterans. J Chronic Dis, 31, p. 363.
32. Gittler, M. S., McKinley, W. O., Stiens, S. A., Groah, S. L. and Kirshblum, S. C. (2002) Spinal cord injury medicine. 3. Rehabilitation outcomes. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 83:3, p. S65.
33. Krause, J. (1996) Employment after spinal cord injury: Transition and life adjustment. Rehabil Counsel Bull, 39, p. 244.
34. Krause, J. and Anson, C. (1996) Employment after spinal cord injury: Relation to selected participant characteristics. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 77, p. 737.
35. Lustig, D. (2005) The adjustment process for individuals with Spinal Cord Injury. Rehabil Counsel Bull, 48:3, p. 146.
36. Menter, R. R., Whiteneck, G. G., Charlifue, S. W., Gerhart, K., Solnick, S. J., Brooks, C. A. and Hughes, L. (1991) Impairment, disability, handicap and medical expenses of persons aging with spinal cord injury. Paraplegia, 29:9, p. 613.
37. Putzke, J. D., Richards, J. S., Hicken, B. L. and DeVivo, M. J. (2002) Predictors of life satisfaction: A spinal cord injury cohort study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 83:4, p. 555.
38. Seel, R. T., Huang, M. E., Cifu, D. X., Kolakowsky-Hayner, S. A. and McKinley, W. O. (2001) Age-related differences in length of stays, hospitalization costs, and outcomes for an injury-matched sample of adults with paraplegia. J Spinal Cord Med, 24:4, p. 241.
39. Song, H. Y. (2005) Modeling social reintegration in persons with spinal cord injury. Disabil Rehabil, 27:3, p. 131.
40. Stiens, S. A., Kirshblum, S. C., Groah, S. L., McKinley, W. O. and Gittler, M. S. (2002) Spinal cord injury medicine. 4. Optimal participation in life after spinal cord injury: Physical, psychosocial, and economic reintegration into the environment. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 83:3, p. S72.
41. Stover, S., DeLisa, J. and Whiteneck, G. (1995) Spinal Cord Injury. Clinical outcomes from the Model Systems, 1, p. 355. Aspen Publishers, New York
42. Elfstrom, M., Ryden, A., Kreuter, M., Taft, C. and Sullivan, M. (2005) Relations between coping strategies and health-related quality of life in patients with spinal cord lesion. J Rehabil Med, 37:1, p. 9.
43. Thompson, N. and Short, D. (2001) Editorial: The changing role of private funders in spinal cord injury research. Spine, 26:24, p. S24.
44. Webster, B., Giunti, G., Young, A., Pransky, G. and Nesathurai, S. (2004) Work-related tetraplegia: Cause of injury and annual medical costs. Spinal Cord, 42:4, p. 240.
45. Spinal Cord Injury (2005) Facts and figures at a glance, p. 2. The National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Center, Birmingham
46. Johnson, R. L., Brooks, C. A. and Whiteneck, G. G. (1996) Cost of traumatic spinal cord injury in a population-based registry. Spinal Cord, 34:8, p. 470.
47. Stucki, G. and Grimby, G. (2004) Applying the ICF in medicine. J Rehabil Med, 36, p. 5S.
48. Stier-Jarmer, M., Grill, E., Ewert, T., Bartholomeyczik, S., Finger, M., Mokrusch, T., Kostanjsek, N. and Stucki, G. (2005) ICF Core Set for patients with neurological conditions in early post-acute rehabilitation facilities. Disabil Rehabil, 27:78, p. 389.
49. Whiteneck, G., Meade, M. A., Dijkers, M., Tate, D. G., Bushnik, T. and Forchheimer, M. B. (2004) Environmental factors and their role in participation and life satisfaction after spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 85:11, p. 1793.
50. Chan, L., Koepsell, T. D., Deyo, R. A., Esselman, P. C., Haselkorn, J. K., Lowery, J. K. and Stolov, W. C. (1997) The effect of Medicare's payment system for rehabilitation hospitals on length of stay, charges, and total payments. N Engl J Med, 337:14, p. 978.
51. DeVivo, M. J., Stover, S. L. and Fine, P. R. (1989) The relationship between sponsorship and rehabilitation outcome following spinal cord injury. Paraplegia, 27:6, p. 470.
52. Durbin, D. (1997) Workplace injuries and the role of insurance: Claims costs, outcomes, and incentives. Clin Orthop Relat Res, p. 18.
53. Fiedler, I. G., Laud, P. W., Maiman, D. J. and Apple, D. F. (1999) Economics of managed care in spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 80:11, p. 1441.
54. DeVivo, M. J. (1999) Discharge disposition from model spinal cord injury care system rehabilitation programs. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 80:7, p. 785.
55. Whyte, J. and Hart, T. (2003) It's more than a black box; it's a Russian doll: Defining rehabilitation treatments. Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 82, p. 639.
56. Heinemann, A. W., Hamilton, B., Linacre, J. M., Wright, B. D. and Granger, C. (1995) Functional status and therapeutic intensity during inpatient rehabilitation. Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 74:4, p. 315.
57. Chaves, E. S., Boninger, M. L., Cooper, R., Fitzgerald, S. G., Gray, D. B. and Cooper, R. A. (2004) Assessing the influence of wheelchair technology on perception of participation in spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 85:11, p. 1854.
58. Richards, J. S., Bombardier, C. H., Tate, D., Dijkers, M., Gordon, W., Shewchuk, R. and DeVivo, M. J. (1999) Access to the environment and life satisfaction after spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 80:11, p. 1501.
59. Smith, R. (1988) Quality assurance in equipment ordering for the spinal cord-injured client. Am J Occup Ther, 42:1, p. 36.
60. Decker, S. D. and Schulz, R. (1985) Correlates of life satisfaction and depression in middle-aged and elderly spinal cord-injured persons. Am J Occup Ther, 39:11, p. 740.
61. DeVivo, M. J. and Fine, P. R. (1982) Employment status of spinal cord injured patients 3 years after injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 63:5, p. 200.
62. DeVivo, M. J., Rutt, R. D., Stover, S. L. and Fine, P. R. (1987) Employment after spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 68:8, p. 494.
63. Better, S. R., Fine, P. R., Simison, D., Doss, G. H., Walls, R. T. and McLaughlin, D. E. (1979) Disability benefits as disincentives to rehabilitation. Milbank Mem Fund Q Health Soc, 57:3, p. 412.
64. Conroy, L. and McKenna, K. (1999) Vocational outcome following spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord, 37:9, p. 624.
65. Schonherr, M. C., Groothoff, J. W., Mulder, G. A. and Eisma, W. H. (2005) Vocational perspectives after spinal cord injury. Clin Rehabil, 19:2, p. 200.
66. Engel, S., Murphy, G. S., Athanasou, J. A. and Hickey, L. (1998) Employment outcomes following spinal cord injury. Int J Rehabil Res, 21:2, p. 223.
67. Jongbloed, L. and Wendland, T. (2002) The impact of reimbursement systems on occupational therapy practice in Canada and the United States of America. Can J Occup Ther, 69:3, p. 143.