Antiphospholipid antibiodies: A critical review of the literature

Current Opinion in Hematology

Volumn 14, Issue 5, 2007, Pages 494-499

  Lim, Wendy ^a   Crowther, Mark A ^a  

^a ST JOSEPH S HOSPITAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

Anticoagulation; Antiphospholipid antibodies; Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome; Thrombosis

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; BETA2 GLYCOPROTEIN 1; CARDIOLIPIN ANTIBODY; LUPUS ANTICOAGULANT; PHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY; WARFARIN;

ARTERY THROMBOSIS; BLEEDING; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; HUMAN; IMMUNOPATHOLOGY; LABORATORY TEST; LONG TERM CARE; MORBIDITY; PHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY SYNDROME; PREGNANCY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RECURRENT DISEASE; REVIEW; RISK; THROMBOSIS; TREATMENT DURATION; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM;

ANTIBODIES, ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID; ANTICOAGULANTS; ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPOXIA-ISCHEMIA, BRAIN; MALE; MONITORING, PHYSIOLOGIC; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS, HEMATOLOGIC; STROKE; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM;

EID: 34648827566     PISSN: 10656251     EISSN: 15317048     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MOH.0b013e3282a4a65f     Document Type: Review

References (47)

1. Wilson WA, Gharavi AE, Koike T, et al. International consensus statement on preliminary classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome: report of an international workshop. Arthritis Rheum 1999; 42:1309-1311.
2. Miyakis S, Lockshin MD, Atsumi T, et al. International consensus statement on an update of the classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). J Thromb Haemost 2006; 4:295-306. This consensus paper updates the preliminary criteria for definite APS published in 1999 [1].
3. McNeil HP, Simpson RJ, Chesterman CN, Krilis SA. Antiphospholipid antibodies are directed against a complex antigen that includes a lipid-binding inhibitor of coagulation: beta 2-glycoprotein I (apolipoprotein H). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990; 87:4120-4124.
4. de Laat HB, Derksen RH, Urbanus RT, et al. beta2-Glycoprotein I-dependent lupus anticoagulant highly correlates with thrombosis in the antiphospholipid syndrome. Blood 2004; 104:3598-3602.
5. de Laat B, Wu XX, van Lummel M, et al. Correlation between antiphospholipid antibodies that recognize domain I of beta2-glycoprotein I and a reduction in the anticoagulant activity of annexin A5. Blood 2007; 109:1490-1494. This article describes how antib2-GPI antibodies that bind domain I disrupt annexin 5, which provides insight into the pathophysiology of thrombosis in APS.
6. Tincani A, Allegri F, Sanmarco M, et al. Anticardiolipin antibody assay: a methodological analysis for a better consensus in routine determinations-a cooperative project of the European Antiphospholipid Forum. Thrombo Haemost 2001; 86:575-583.
7. Brandt JT, Barna LK, Triplett DA. Laboratory identification of lupus anticoagulants: results of the Second International Workshop for Identification of Lupus Anticoagulants. On behalf of the Subcommittee on Lupus Anticoagulants/Antiphospholipid Antibodies of the ISTH. Thromb Haemost 1995; 74:1597-1603.
8. Reber G, Tincani A, Sanmarco M, et al. Proposals for the measurement of antibeta2-glycoprotein I antibodies. Standardization group of the European Forum on Antiphospholipid Antibodies. J Thromb Haemost 2004; 2:1860-1862.
9. Triplett DA. Antiphospholipid antibodies. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2002; 126:1424-1429.
10. Brandt JT, Triplett DA, Alving B, Scharrer I. Criteria for the diagnosis of lupus anticoagulants: an update. On behalf of the Subcommittee on Lupus Anticoagulant/Antiphospholipid Antibody of the Scientific and Standardisation Committee of the ISTH. Thromb Haemost 1995; 74:1185-1190.
11. Tripodi A, Chantarangkul V, Clerici M, Mannucci PM. Laboratory diagnosis of lupus anticoagulants for patients on oral anticoagulant treatment. Performance of dilute Russell viper venom test and silica clotting time in comparison with Staclot LA. Thromb Haemost 2002; 88:583-586.
12. Harris EN, Pierangeli SS. Revisiting the anticardiolipin test and its standardization. Lupus 2002; 11:269-275.
13. Harris EN. Special report. The Second International Anticardiolipin Standardization Workshop/the Kingston Anti-Phospholipid Antibody Study (KAPS) group. Am J Clin Pathol 1990; 94:476-484.
14. de Laat B, Derksen RH, van Lummel M, et al. Pathogenic antibeta2-glycoprotein I antibodies recognize domain I of beta2-glycoprotein I only after a conformational change. Blood 2006; 107:1916-1924. This article describes the conformational change required for binding of anti-B2-glycoprotein I antibodies to its target
15. Reber G, Tincani A, Sanmarco M, et al. Variability of antibeta2 glycoprotein I antibodies measurement by commercial assays. Thromb Haemost 2005;94:665-672.
16. Shi W, Krilis SA, Chong BH, et al. Prevalence of lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies in a healthy population. Aust N Z J Med 1990;20:231-236.
17. Vila P, Hernandez MC, Lopez-Fernandez MF, Batlle J. Prevalence, follow-up and clinical significance of the anticardiolipin antibodies in normal subjects. Thromb Haemost 1994; 72:209-213.
18. Long AA, Ginsberg JS, Brill-Edwards P, et al. The relationship of antiphospholipid antibodies to thromboembolic disease in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional study. Thromb Haemost 1991; 66:520-524.
19. Bruce IN, Clark-Soloninka CA, Spitzer KA, et al. Prevalence of antibodies to beta2-glycoprotein I in systemic lupus erythematosus and their association with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome criteria: a single center study and literature review. J Rheumatol 2000; 27:2833-2837.
20. Ginsberg JS, Wells PS, Brill-Edwards P, et al. Antiphospholipid antibodies and venous thromboembolism. Blood 1995; 86:3685-3691.
21. Mateo J, Oliver A, Borrell M, et al. Laboratory evaluation and clinical characteristics of 2132 consecutive unselected patients with venous thromboembolism-results of the Spanish Multicentric Study on Thrombophilia (EMET-Study). Thromb Haemost 1997; 77:444-451.
22. Turiel M, Sarzi-Puttini P, Peretti R, et al. Thrombotic risk factors in primary antiphospholipid syndrome: a 5-year prospective study. Stroke 2005;36:1490-1494.
23. Gharavi AE, Pierangeli SS, Espinola RG, et al. Antiphospholipid antibodies induced in mice by immunization with a cytomegalovirus-derived peptide cause thrombosis and activation of endothelial cells in vivo. Arthritis Rheum 2002; 46:545-552.
24. Galli M, Luciani D, Bertolini G, Barbui T. Lupus anticoagulants are stronger risk factors for thrombosis than anticardiolipin antibodies in the antiphospholipid syndrome: a systematic review of the literature. Blood 2003;101:1827-1832.
25. Crowther MA, Ginsberg JS, Julian J, et al. A comparison of two intensities of warfarin for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. N Engl J Med 2003; 349:1133-1138.
26. Finazzi G, Marchioli R, Brancaccio V, et al. A randomized clinical trial of highintensity warfarin vs. conventional antithrombotic therapy for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome (WAPS). J Thromb Haemost 2005; 3:848-853.
27. Petri M. Thrombosis and systemic lupus erythematosus: the Hopkins Lupus Cohort perspective. Scand J Rheumatol 1996; 25:191-193.
28. Erkan D, Merrill JT, Yazici Y, et al. High thrombosis rate after fetal loss in antiphospholipid syndrome: effective prophylaxis with aspirin. Arthritis Rheum 2001; 44:1466-1467.
29. Anderson FA Jr, Wheeler HB, Goldberg RJ, et al. A population-based perspective of the hospital incidence and case-fatality rates of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. The Worcester DVT Study. Arch Intern Med 1991; 151:933-938.
30. Erkan D, Sammaritano L, Levy R, et al. APLASA study 2004 update: primary thrombosis prevention in asymptomatic aPL-positive patients with aspirin [abstract]. Arthritis Rheum 2004; 50:S640-S641.
31. Alarcon-Segovia D, Boffa MC, Branch W, et al. Prophylaxis of the antiphospholipid syndrome: a consensus report. Lupus 2003; 12:499-503.
32. Cervera R, Piette JC, Font J, et al., Euro-Phospholipid Project Group. Antiphospholipid syndrome: clinical and immunologic manifestations and patterns of disease expression in a cohort of 1000 patients. Arthritis Rheum 2002; 46:1019-1027.
33. Crowther MA, Wisloff F. Evidence based treatment of the antiphospholipid syndrome II. Optimal anticoagulant therapy for thrombosis. Thromb Res 2005; 115:3-8.
34. Schulman S, Svenungsson E, Granqvist S, and the Duration of Anticoagulation Study Group. Anticardiolipin antibodies predict early recurrence of thromboembolism and death among patients with venous thromboembolism following anticoagulant therapy. Am J Med 1998; 104:332-338.
35. Kearon C, Gent M, Hirsh J, et al. A comparison of three months of anticoagulation with extended anticoagulation for a first episode of idiopathic venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med 1999; 340:901-907.
36. Kearon C, Ginsberg JS, Kovacs MJ, et al., Extended low-intensity anticoagulation for thrombo-embolism investigators. Comparison of low-intensity warfarin therapy with conventional-intensity warfarin therapy for long-term prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med 2003; 349:631-639.
37. Rosove MH, Brewer PMC. Antiphospholipid thrombosis: clinical course after the first thrombotic event in 70 patients. Ann Intern Med 1992; 117.
38. Khamashta MA, Cuadrado MJ, Mujic F, et al. The management of thrombosis in the antiphospholipid-antibody syndrome. N Engl J Med 1995; 332:993-997.
39. Buller HR, Agnelli G, Hull RD, et al. Antithrombotic therapy for venous thromboembolic disease: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest 2004; 126:401S-428S.
40. Brey RL, Abbott RD, Curb JD, et al. beta(2)-Glycoprotein 1-dependent anticardiolipin antibodies and risk of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction: the Honolulu heart program. Stroke 2001; 32:1701-1706.
41. Brey RL, Stallworth CL, McGlasson DL, et al. Antiphospholipid antibodies and stroke in young women. Stroke 2002; 33:2396-2400.
42. Ginsburg KS, Liang MH, Newcomer L, et al. Anticardiolipin antibodies and the risk for ischemic stroke and venous thrombosis. Ann Intern Med 1992; 117:997-1002.
43. Ahmed E, Stegmayr B, Trifunovic J, et al. Anticardiolipin antibodies are not an independent risk factor for stroke: an incident case-referent study nested within the MONICA and Vasterbotten cohort project. Stroke 2000; 31:1289-1293.
44. Janardhan V, Wolf PA, Kase CS, et al. Anticardiolipin antibodies and risk of ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack: the Framingham cohort and offspring study. Stroke 2004; 35:736-741.
45. The APASS Writing Committee. Antiphospholipid antibodies and subsequent thrombo-occlusive events in patients with ischemic stroke. JAMA 2004; 291:576-584.
46. Mohr JP, Thompson JL, Lazar RM, et al., Warfarin-Aspirin Recurrent Stroke Study Group. A comparison of warfarin and aspirin for the prevention of recurrent ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 2001; 345:1444-1451.
47. Brey RL, Chapman J, Levine SR, et al. Stroke and the antiphospholipid syndrome: consensus meeting Taormina 2002. Lupus 2003; 12:508-513.