Differential kinetic features by tumour topography in cutaneous small-cell neuroendocrine (Merkel cell) carcinomas

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology

Volumn 21, Issue 9, 2007, Pages 1220-1228

  Pozo, L ^a   Sanchez Carrillo, J J ^b   Martinez, A ^c   Blanes, A ^b   Diaz Cano, Salvador J ^d  

^a HOMERTON UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b HOSPITAL REGIONAL UNIVERSITARIO DE MÁLAGA   (Spain)

^c HOSPITAL CLÍNICO SAN CARLOS   (Spain)

^d KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Apoptosis; DNA ploidy; Merkel cell carcinoma; Proliferation; Topographic heterogeneity

Indexed keywords

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; CELL NUCLEUS DNA; DNA; DNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE BETA; DNA POLYMERASE; KI 67 ANTIGEN; PROTEIN BCL 2; PROTEIN P53;

AGED; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANEUPLOIDY; APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER SURGERY; CELL DENSITY; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL HETEROGENEITY; CELL KINETICS; CELL PROLIFERATION; CHROMOSOMAL INSTABILITY; CLINICAL ARTICLE; DOWN REGULATION; EPITHELIUM CELL; FEMALE; FLOW CYTOMETRY; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; LYMPH NODE METASTASIS; MALE; MERKEL CELL TUMOR; NEUROSECRETORY CELL; PLOIDY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; SKIN TUMOR; STUDENT T TEST; TUMOR LOCALIZATION; TUMOR RECURRENCE; ULTRASTRUCTURE ANALYSIS AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; UPREGULATION;

ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM; APOPTOSIS; CARCINOMA, MERKEL CELL; CELL PROLIFERATION; DNA, NEOPLASM; FLOW CYTOMETRY; HUMANS; IMMUNOENZYME TECHNIQUES; IN SITU NICK-END LABELING; KI-67 ANTIGEN; PLOIDIES; PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-BCL-2; SKIN NEOPLASMS; STAINING AND LABELING; TUMOR MARKERS, BIOLOGICAL; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P53;

EID: 34548798027     PISSN: 09269959     EISSN: 14683083     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2007.02236.x     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Akhtar S, Oza KK, Wright J. Merkel cell carcinoma: Report of 10 cases and review of the literature. J Am Acad Dermatol 2000; 43: 755-767.
2. Alvarez-Gago T, Bullon MM, Rivera F, Velasco A, Mayo A. Intermediate filament aggregates in mitoses of primary cutaneous neuroendocrine (Merkel cell) carcinoma. Histopathology 1996; 28: 349-355.
3. Feinmesser M, Halpern M, Fenig E et al. Expression of the apoptosis-related oncogenes bcl-2, bax, and p53 in Merkel cell carcinoma: Can they predict treatment response and clinical outcome? Hum Pathol 1999; 30: 1367-1372.
4. Hierro I, Blanes A, Matilla A, Munoz S, Vicioso L, Nogales FF. Merkel cell (neuroendocrine) carcinoma of the vulva. A case report with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings and review of the literature. Pathol Res Pract 2000; 196: 503-509.
5. Jemec B, Chana J, Grover R, Grobbelaar AO. The Merkel cell carcinoma: survival and oncogene markers. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2000; 14: 400-404.
6. Kennedy MM, Blessing K, King G, Kerr KM. Expression of bcl-2 and p53 in Merkel cell carcinoma. An immunohistochemical study. Am J Dermatopathol 1996; 18: 273-277.
7. Moll I, Gillardon F, Waltering S, Schmelz M, Moll R. Differences of bcl-2 protein expression between Merkel cells and Merkel cell carcinomas. J Cutan Pathol 1996; 23: 109-117.
8. Mori Y, Hashimoto K, Tanaka K, Cui CY, Mehregan DR, Stiff MA. A study of apoptosis in Merkel cell carcinoma: An immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, DNA ladder, and TUNEL labeling study. Am J Dermatopathol 2001; 23: 16-23.
9. Parrado C, Bjornhagen V, Eusebi V et al. Prognosticating tools in primary neuroendocrine (Merkel-cell) carcinomas of the skin: histopathological subdivision, DNA cytometry, cell proliferation analyses (Ki-67-immunoreactivity) and NCAM immunohistochemistry. A clinicopathological study in 25 patients. Pathol Res Pract 1998; 194: 11-23.
10. Plettenberg A, Pammer J, Tschachler E. Merkel cells and Merkel cell carcinoma express the BCL-2 proto-oncogene. (Corrected and republished article originally printed in Exp Dermatol 1996; 5: 102-107.) Exp Dermatol 1996; 5: 183-188.
11. Skelton HG, Smith KJ, Hitchcock CL, McCarthy WF, Lupton GP, Graham JH. Merkel cell carcinoma: Analysis of clinical, histologic, and immunohistologic features of 132 cases with relation to survival. J Am Acad Dermatol 1997; 37: 734-739.
12. Takenaka H, Kishimoto S, Shibagaki R, Nagata M, Yasuno H. Merkel cell carcinoma with partial spontaneous regression: An immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and TUNEL labeling study. Am J Dermatopathol 1997; 19: 614-618.
13. Diaz-Cano SJ, Blanes A, Rubio J, Matilla A, Wolfe HJ. Molecular evolution and intratumor heterogeneity by topographic compartments in muscle-invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Lab Invest 2000; 80: 279-289.
14. Blanes A, Rubio J, Martinez A, Wolfe HJ, Diaz-Cano SJ. Kinetic profiles by topographic compartments in muscle-invasive transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder: Role of TP53 and NF1 genes. Am J Clin Pathol 2002; 118: 93-100.
15. Diaz-Cano SJ, de Miguel M, Blanes A, Tashjian R, Galera H, Wolfe HJ. Clonality as expression of distinctive cell kinetic patterns in nodular hyperplasias and adenomas of the adrenal cortex. Am J Pathol 2000; 156: 311-319.
16. Koch M, de Miguel M, Höfler H, Diaz-Cano SJ. Kinetic profiles of intraepithelial and invasive prostatic neoplasias: The key role of downregulated apoptosis in tumor progression. Virchows Arch 2000; 436: 413-420.
17. Pozo L, Camacho F, Rios-Martin JJ, Diaz-Cano SJ. Cell proliferation in skin tumors with ductal differentiation: Patterns and diagnostic applications. J Cutan Pathol 2000; 27: 292-297.
18. Blanes A, Sanchez-Carrillo JJ, Diaz-Cano SJ. Topographic molecular profile of pheochromocytomas: Role of somatic down-regulation of mismatch repair. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91: 1150-1158.
19. van Diest PJ, Baak JP, Matze-Cok P et al. Reproducibility of mitosis counting in 2469 breast cancer specimens: Results from the Multicenter Morphometric Mammary Carcinoma Project (see comments). Hum Pathol 1992; 23: 603-607.
20. Harjacek M, Diaz-Cano S, Alman BA et al. Prominent expression of mRNA for proinflammatory cytokines in synovium in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis or chronic lyme arthritis. J Rheumatol 2000; 27: 497-503.
21. Harjacek M, Diaz-Cano S, De Miguel M, Wolfe H, Maldonado CA, Rabinovich GA. Expression of galectins-1 and -3 correlates with defective mononuclear cell apoptosis in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. J Rheumatol 2001; 28: 1914-1922.
22. Bibbo M, Bartels PH, Dytch HE, Wied GL. Cell image analysis. In: Bibbo M, ed. Comprehensive Cytopathology. W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, 1991: 965-983.
23. Sherwood SW, Schimke RT. Cell cycle analysis of apoptosis using flow cytometry. Methods Cell Biol 1995; 46: 77-97.
24. Gonzalez-Campora R, Diaz Cano S, Lerma-Puertas E et al. Paragangliomas. Static cytometric studies of nuclear DNA patterns. Cancer 1993; 71: 820-824.
25. Dressler LG. Controls, standards, and histogram interpretation in DNA flow cytometry. Methods Cell Biol 1990; 33: 157-171.
26. Dressler LG, Bartow SA. DNA flow cytometry in solid tumors: Practical aspects and clinical applications. Semin Diagn Pathol 1989; 6: 55-82.
27. Diaz-Cano S, Gonzalez-Campora R, Rios-Martin JJ et al. Nuclear DNA patterns in adrenal cortex proliferative lesions. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol 1993; 423: 323-328.
28. Hedley DW, Friedlander ML, Taylor IW, Rugg CA, Musgrove EA. Method for analysis of cellular DNA content of paraffin-embedded pathological material using flow cytometry. J Histochem Cytochem 1983; 31: 1333-1335.
29. Dawson AE, Cibas ES, Bacus JW, Weinberg DS. Chromatin texture measurement by Markovian analysis. Use of nuclear models to define and select texture features. Anal Quant Cytol Histol 1993; 15: 227-235.
30. Pressman NJ. Markovian analysis of cervical cell images. J Histochem Cytochem 1976; 24: 138-144.
31. Veltri RW, Partin AW, Epstein JE et al. Quantitative nuclear morphometry, Markovian texture descriptors, and DNA content captured on a CAS-200 Image analysis system, combined with PCNA and HER-2/neu immunohistochemistry for prediction of prostate cancer progression. J Cell Biochem Suppl 1994; 19: 249-258.
32. Diaz-Cano SJ, Blanes A, Wolfe HJ. PCR techniques for clonality assays. Diagn Mol Pathol 2001; 10: 24-33.
33. Diaz-Cano SJ, Blanes A. Influence of intratumor heterogeneity in the interpretation of marker results in pheochromocytomas. J Pathol 1999; 189: 627-628.
34. Jimenez JJ, Blanes A, Diaz-Cano SJ. Microsatellite instability in colon cancer. N Engl J Med 2003; 349: 1774-1776; author reply 1774-1776.
35. Blanes A, Diaz-Cano SJ. Complementary analysis of microsatellite tumor profile and mismatch repair defects in colorectal carcinomas. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12: 5932-5940.
36. Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B. Lessons from hereditary colorectal cancer. Cell 1996; 87: 159-170.
37. Inoue T, Yoneda K, Manabe M, Demitsu T. Spontaneous regression of merkel cell carcinoma: A comparative study of TUNEL index and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes between spontaneous regression and non-regression group. J Dermatol Sci 2000; 24: 203-211.
38. Orlandi A, Bianchi L, Costanzo A et al. Evidence of increased apoptosis and reduced proliferation in basal cell carcinomas treated with tazarotene. J Invest Dermatol 2004; 122: 1037-1041.
39. Singh RP, Tyagi AK, Zhao J, Agarwal R. Silymarin inhibits growth and causes regression of established skin tumors in SENCAR mice via modulation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and induction of apoptosis. Carcinogenesis 2002; 23: 499-510.
40. Schlagbauer-Wadl H, Klosner G, Heere-Ress E et al. Bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotides (G3139) inhibit Merkel cell carcinoma growth in SCID mice. J Invest Dermatol 2000; 114: 725-730.
41. Diaz-Cano SJ. Designing a molecular analysis of clonality in tumours. J Pathol 2000; 191: 343-344.
42. Carson HJ, Reddy V, Taxy JB. Proliferation markers and prognosis in Merkel cell carcinoma. J Cutan Pathol 1998; 25: 16-19.
43. Pecina-Slaus N, Nikuseva-Martic T, Gall-Troselj K, Radic K, Hrascan R. Replication error-positive samples found in pheochromocytomas. In Vivo 2005; 19: 359-365.