Extramural lymphatic drainage from the thoracic esophagus based on minute cadaveric dissections: Fundamentals for the sentinel node navigation surgery for the thoracic esophageal cancers

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy

Volumn 29, Issue 7, 2007, Pages 531-542

  Saito, Hroyuki ^a   Sato, Tatsuo ^b   Miyazaki, Masaru ^c  

^a Gyoda General Hospital   (Japan)

^b TOKYO MEDICAL AND DENTAL UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^c CHIBA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Esophageal neoplasms; Lymphatic metastases; Regional anatomy; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; Surgical procedures, Operative

Indexed keywords

AGED; ARTICLE; CADAVER; CONTROLLED STUDY; ESOPHAGUS CANCER; ESOPHAGUS SURGERY; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; LYMPH FLOW; LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SENTINEL LYMPH NODE; SURGICAL ANATOMY; THORACIC DUCT;

ADULT; BRONCHI; CADAVER; ESOPHAGEAL NEOPLASMS; ESOPHAGUS; HUMANS; LYMPH; LYMPH NODES; LYMPHATIC METASTASIS; MICRODISSECTION; NECK; SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BIOPSY; THORACIC DUCT; TRACHEA;

EID: 34548767639     PISSN: 09301038     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00276-007-0257-6     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Altorki N, Kent M, Ferrara C et al (2002) Three-field lymph node dissection for squamous cell and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Ann Surg 236:177-183
2. Bannister LH, Berry MM, Collins P, Dyson M, Dussek JE, Ferguson MWJ (1995) Gray's anatomy, 38th edn. Churchill Livingstone, New York, pp 1605-1626
3. Dresner SM, Lamb PJ, Bennet MK et al (2001) The pattern of metastatic lymph node dissemination from adenocarcinoma of the thoracic esophagogastric junction. Surgery 129:103-109
4. Fujita H, Kakegawa T, Yamana H et al (1994) Lymph node metastasis and recurrence in patients with a carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus who underwent three-field dissection. World J Surg 18:266-272
5. Isono K, Sato H, Nakayama K (1991) Results of a nationwide study on the three-field lymph node dissection of esophageal cancer. Oncology 48:411-420
6. Izbicki JR, Hosch SB, Pichlmeier U et al (1997) Prognostic value of immunohistochemically identifiable tumor cells in lymph nodes of patients with completely resected esophageal cancer. N Engl J Med 337:1188-1194
7. Japanese Society for Esophageal Diseases (1999) Guidelines for the clinical and pathologic studies on carcinoma of the esophagus, 9th edn. Kanehara, Tokyo
8. Kato H, Miyazaki T, Nakajima M et al (2003) Sentinel lymph nodes with Technetium-99m colloidal rhenium sulfide in patients with esophageal carcinoma. Cancer 98:932-939
9. Kato H, Miyazaki T, Nakajima M et al (2003) Prediction of hematogenous recurrence in patients with esophageal carcinoma. Jpn J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 51:599-608
10. Kitagawa Y, Ohgami M, Fujii H (2001) Laparoscopic detection of sentinel lymph nodes in gastrointestinal cancer: A novel and minimally invasive approach. Ann Surg Oncol 8:86S-89S
11. Kitagawa Y, Kitajima M (2002) Gastrointestinal cancer and sentinel node navigation surgery. J Surg Oncol 79:188-193
12. Kyriazanos ID, Tachibana M, Shibakita M et al (2003) Pattern of recurrence after extended esophagectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Hepatogastroenterology 50:115-120
13. Lamb PJ, Griffin SM, Burt AD et al (2005) Sentinel node biopsy to evaluate the metastatic dissemination of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Br J Surg 92:60-67
14. Matsubara T, Ueda M, Yanagida O et al (1994) How extensive should lymph node dissection be for cancer of the thoracic esophagus? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 107:1073-1078
15. Matsubara T, Ueda M, Abe T et al (1999) Unique distribution patterns of metastatic lymph nodes in patients with superficial carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus. Br J Surg 86:669-673
16. Matsubara T, Ueda M, Kaisaki S et al (2000) Localization of initial lymph node metastasis from carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus. Cancer 89:1869-1873
17. Nakagawa S, Kanda T, Kosugi S et al (2004) Recurrence pattern of squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus after extended radical esophagectomy with three-field lymphadenectomy. J Am Coll Surg 198:205-211
18. Natsugoe S (1989) Experimental and clinical study on the lymphatic pathway draining from the distal esophagus and gastric cardia (in Japanese with English abstract). J Jpn Surg Soc (Nippon Geka Gakkai Zasshi) 90:364-376
19. Natsugoe S, Matsumoto M, Okumura H et al (2005) Initial metastatic, including micrometastatic, sites of lymph nodes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Surg Oncol 89:6-11
20. Nozoe T, Saeki H, Sugimachi K (2001) Significance of preopertive elevation of serum C-reactive protein as an indicator of prognosis in esophageal carcinoma. Am J Surg 182:197-201
21. Osugi H, Takemura M, Takada N et al (2002) Prognostic factors after oesophagectomy and extended lymphadenectomy for squamous oesophageal cancer. Br J Surg 89:909-913
22. Rouvière H (1938) Anatomy of the human lymphatic system. Edwards Brothers, Ann Arbor, pp 5-62
23. Saito H, Sato T, Yamashita Y et al (2002) Topographical analysis of lymphatic pathways from the meso- and hypopharynx based on minute cadaveric dissections: Possible application to neck dissection in pharyngeal cancer surgery. Surg Radiol Anat 24:38-49
24. Sakata K (1903) Ueber die Lymphgefäβe des Oesophagus and über seine regionären Lymphdräsen mit Berücksichtigung der Verbreitung des Carcinoms. Mitt Grenzgeb Med Chir 11:634-656
25. Sako A, Kitayama J, Kaisaki S et al (2004) Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for lymphatic metastasis in superficial esophageal carcinoma. Cancer Lett 208:43-49
26. Sharma S, Fujita H, Yamana H et al (1994) Patterns of lymph node metastasis in 3-field dissection for carcinoma in the thoracic esophagus. Surg Today 24:410-414
27. Takemura M, Osugi H, Takada N et al (2003) Prognostic factors in patients with squamous esophageal cancer associated with solitary lymph node metastasis after oesophagectomy and extended lymphadenectomy. Oncol Rep 10:75-80
28. Tanabe G, Baba M, Kuroshima K et al (1986) Clinical evaluation of esophageal lymph flow system based on the RI uptake of removed regional lymph nodes following lymphoscintigraphy. (in Japanese with English abstract). J Jpn Surg Soc (Nippon Geka Gakkai Zasshi) 16:315-323
29. Tsurumaru M, Kajiyama Y, Udagawa H et al (2001) Outcomes of extended lymph node dissection for squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 7:325-329
30. van de Ven C, De Leyn P, Coosemans W et al (1999) Three-field lymphadenectomy and pattern of lymph node spread in T3 adenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus and the gastro-esophageal junction. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 15:733-769
31. Weinberg JA (1972) Lymphatics of the esophagus. In: Haagensen CD, Feind CR, Herter FP, Slanetz CA Jr, Weinberg JA (eds) The lymphatics in cancer. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 245-249