Martian corona: Nonthermal sources of hot heavy species

Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets

Volumn 112, Issue 7, 2007, Pages

  Cipriani, Fabrice ^a   Leblanc, F ^b   Berthelier, J J ^a  

^a SERVICE D AÉRONOMIE DU CNRS   (France)

^b CNRS   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

IONOSPHERE; MARS; MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE; MONTE CARLO ANALYSIS; SOLAR ACTIVITY;

EID: 34548678438     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2006JE002818     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. + in the temperature range 200-600 K, J. Phys. B, 16, 1433-1444.
2. Allen, M. P., and D. J. Tildesley (1987), Computer Simulation of Liquids, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
3. Anderson, D. E., and C. W. Hord (1971), Mariner 6 and 7 ultraviolet spectrometer experiment: Analysis of hydrogen Lyman alpha data, J. Geophys. Res., 76, 6666-6673.
4. Bertaux, J.-L., F. Leblanc, O. Witasse, E. Quemerais, J. Lilensten, S. A. Stern, B. Sandel, and O. Korablev (2005), Discovery of an aurora on Mars, Nature, 435, 790-794.
5. Bougher, S. W., and H. Shinagawa (1998), The Mars thermosphere-ionosphere: Predictions for the arrival of Planet-B, Earth Planets Space, 50, 247-257.
6. Bougher, S. W., S. Engel, D. P. Hinson, and J. R. Murphy (2004), MGS Radio Science electron density profiles: Interannual variability and implications for the Martian neutral atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 109(E18), E03010, doi:10.1029/2003JE002154
7. Brain, D. A., F. Leblanc, J. G. Luhmann, G. T. Delory, R. A. Mewaldt and C. M. Cohen (2004), Effects of Solar Energetic Particle Events on the Martian Surface and Atmosphere, AGU, Fall Meeting, Abstracts SH53C04, pp. C4+.
8. Brecht, S. H. (1997), Hybrid simulations of the magnetic topology of Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 102(11), 4743-4750, doi:10.1029/96JA03205.
9. Breus, T. K., A. M. Krymskii, D. H. Crider, N. F. Ness, D. Hinson, and K. K. Barashyan (2004), Effect of the solar radiation in the topside atmosphere/ionosphere of Mars: Mars Global Surveyor observations, J. Geophys. Res., 109(A18), A09310, doi:10.1029/2004JA010431.
10. Carlsson, E., A. Fedorov, S. Barabash, E. Budnik, A. Grigoriev, H. Gunell, H. Nilsson, and J.-A. Sauvaud, et al. (2006), Mass composition of the escaping plasma at Mars, Icarus, 182, 320-328, doi:10.1016/ j.icarus.2005.09.020.
11. Chamberlain, J. W. (1978), Theory of Planetary Atmosphere, Elsevier, New York.
12. Chassefière, E., F. Leblanc, and B. Langlais (2006), The combined effects of escape and magnetic field histories at Mars, Planet Space Sci., 55, 343-357.
13. Forbes, J. M., M. E. Hagan, S. W. Bougher, and J. L. Hollingsworth (2001), Kelvin wave propagation in the upper atmospheres of Mars and Earth, Adv. Space Res., 27, 1791-1800.
14. Fox, J. L. (1993), On the escape of oxygen and hydrogen from Mars, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 1747-1750.
15. + dissociative recombination: A source of thermal and nonthermal C on Mars. J. Geophys. Res., 109(A18), A08306, doi:10.1029/2004JA010514.
16. Fox, J. L., and F. M. Bakalian (2001), Photochemical escape of atomic carbon from Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 28,785-28,796, doi:10.1029/2001JA000108.
17. Fox, J. L., and A. Hać (1997a), Spectrum of hot O at the exobases of the terrestrial planets, J. Geophys. Res., 102(11), 24,005-24,012.
18. +, J. Geophys. Res., 102(11), 9191-9204, doi:10.1029/97JE00086.
19. + dissociative recombination: Implications for photochemical escape of C from Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 104(13), 24,729-24,738, doi:10.1029/1999JA900330.
20. Gerard, J. C., P. G. Richards, V. I. Shematovich, and D. V. Bisikalo (1995), The importance of new chemical sources for the hot oxygen geocorona, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 279-282.
21. Hanson, W. B., S. Sanatani, and D. R. Zuccaro (1977), The Martian ionosphere as observed by the Viking retarding potential analyzers, J. Geophys. Res., 82(11), 4351-4363.
22. Hodges, R. R. (2000), Distributions of hot oxygen for venus and mars, J. Geophys. Res., 105.
23. Hodges, R. R. (2002), The rate of loss of water from Mars, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(3), 1038, doi:10.1029/2001GL013893.
24. Johnson, R. E. (1990), Energetic Charged-Particle Interactions with Atmospheres and Surfaces, Springer, New York, also Physics and Chemistry in Space, volume 19.
25. Johnson, R. E. (1994), Plasma-induced sputtering of an atmosphere, Space Sci. Rev., 69, 215-253.
26. 2, J. Geophys. Res., 103(12), 3639.
27. Johnson, R. E., and J. G. Luhmann (1998), Sputter contribution to the atmospheric corona on Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 103(12), 3649.
28. +, J. Geophys. Res., 105(14), 1659-1670, doi:10.1029/1999JE001058.
29. Kabin, K., and B. D. Shizgal (2002), Velocity distributions of energetic atoms in planetary exospheres from dissociative recombination, J. Geophys. Res., 107(E7), 5053, doi:10.1029/2000JE001479.
30. Kella, D., P. J. Johnson, H. B. Pedersen, L. Vejby-Christensen, and L. H. Andersen (1997), The source of green light emission determined from a heavy-ion storage ring experiment, Science, 276, 1530-1533.
31. Kharchenko, V., A. Dalgarno, B. Zygelman, and J.-H. Yee (2000), Energy transfer in collisions of oxygen atoms in the terrestrial atmosphere J. Geophys. Res., 105(14), 24,899-24,906, doi:10.1029 /2000JA000085.
32. Kharchenko, V., A. Dalgarno, and J. L. Fox (2005), Thermospheric distribution of fast O(1D) atoms, J. Geophys. Res., 110(A9), A12305, doi:10.1029/2005JA011232.
33. Kim, J., A. F. Nagy, J. L. Fox, and T. E. Cravens (1998), Solar cycle variability of hot oxygen atoms at Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 103(12), 29,339-29,342.
34. Krasnopolsky, V. A. (2002), Mars' upper atmosphere and ionosphere at low, medium, and high solar activities: Implications for evolution of water, J. Geophys. Res., 107(E12,), 5128, doi:10.1029 /2001JE001809.
35. Krasnopolsky, V. A., and P. D. Feldman (2001), Detection of molecular hydrogen in the atmosphere of Mars, Science, 294, 1914-1917, doi:10.1126/science. 1065569.
36. Krasnopolsky, V. A., M. J. Mumma, and G. Randall Gladstone (1998), Detection of atomic deuterium in the upper atmosphere of Mars, Science, 280, 1576.
37. Krestyanikova, M. A., and V. I. Shematovich (2005), Stochastic models of hot planetary and satellite coronas: A photochemical source of hot oxygen in the upper atmosphere of Mars, Sol. Syst. Res., 39, 22-32, doi:10.1007/s11208-005-0012-7.
38. Krymskii, A. M., T. K. Breus, N. F. Ness, D. P. Hinson, and D. I. Bojkov (2003), Effect of crustal magnetic fields on the near terminator ionosphere at Mars: Comparison of in situ magnetic field measurements with the data of radio science experiments on board Mars Global Surveyor, J. Geophys. Res., 108(A12), 1431, doi:10.1029/ 2002JA009662.
39. Lammer, H., H. I. M. Lichtenegger, C. Kolb, I. Ribas, E. F. Guinan, R. Abart, and S. J. Bauer (2003), Loss of water from Mars: Implications for the oxidation of the soil, Icarus, 165, 9-25.
40. Leblanc, F., and R. E. Johnson (2001), Sputtering of the Martian atmosphere by solar wind pick-up ions, Planet Space Sci., 49, 645-656.
41. Leblanc, F., and R. E. Johnson (2002), Role of molecular species in pickup ion sputtering of the Martian atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 107(E2), 5010, doi:10.1029/2000JE001473.
42. Leblanc, F., J. G. Luhmann, R. E. Johnson, and E. Chassefiere (2002), Some expected impacts of a solar energetic particle event at Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 107(A5), 1058, doi:10.1029/2001JA900178.
43. Luhmann, J. G., and J. U. Kozyra (1991), Dayside pickup oxygen ion precipitation at Venus and Mars - Spatial distributions, energy deposition and consequences, J. Geophys. Res, 96(15), 5457-5467.
44. Luhmann, J. G., R. E. Johnson, and M. H. G. Zhang (1992), Evolutionary impact of sputtering of the Martian atmosphere by O(+) pickup ions, J. Geophys. Res., 19, 2151-2154.
45. Lundin, R., H. Borg, B. Hultqvist, A. Zakharov, and R. Pellinen (1989), First measurements of the ionospheric plasma escape from Mars, Nature, 341, 609-612.
46. Lundin, R., et al. (2004), Solar wind-induced atmospheric erosion at Mars: First results from ASPERA-3 on Mars Express, Science, 305, 1933-1936, doi:10.1126/science.1101860.
47. Ma, Y., A. F. Nagy, I. V. Sokolov, and K. C. Hansen (2004), Three-dimensional, multispecies, high spatial resolution MHD studies of the solar wind interaction with Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 109(A18), D15515, doi:10.1029/2003JA010367.
48. + ions with electrons, Phys. Rev, 181, 264-27110.1103 /PhysRev.181.264.
49. Modolo, R., J.-Y. Chaufray, F. Leblanc, and G. Chanteur (2004), Impacting flux and associated sputtering effects at Mars, in 35th COSPAR Scientific Assembly, p. 3018.
50. Modolo, R., G. M. Chanteur, E. Dubinin, and A. P. Matthews (2005), Influence of the solar EUV flux on the Martian plasma environment, Ann. Geophys., 23, 433-444.
51. Nagy, A. F., and P. M. Banks (1970), Photoelectron fluxes in the ionosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 75, 6260-6270.
52. Nagy, A. F., M. W. Liemohn, J. L. Fox, and J. Kim (2001), Hot carbon densities in the exosphere of Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 106(15), 21,565-21,568, doi:10.1029/2001JA000007.
53. +, J. Chem. Phys., 122, 014,302.
54. +: Cross sections, products yields and implications for studies of ionospheric airglows, J. Chem. Phys., 114(15), 6679.
55. Pospieszalska, M. K., and R. E. Johnson (1996), Monte Carlo calculations of plasma ion-induced sputtering of an atmosphere: SO2 ejected from Io, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 7565-7574, doi:10.1029/95JE03650.
56. + on the ion temperatures of the Martian thermosphere, J. Geophys Res., 84, 3327-3338.
57. +, using an ion storage ring, Phys. Rev. A, 57, 4462-4470.
58. Schunk, R. W., and A. F. Nagy (2000), Ionospheres, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York.
59. +: Rate coefficients for ground state and vibrationnaly excited ions, J. Geophys. Res., 109, A03302, doi:10.1029 /2003JA010132.
60. Shematovich, V. I. (2004), Stochastic models of hot planetary and satellite coronas, Sol. Syst. Res., 38, 28-38, doi:10.1023/ B:SOLS.0000015153.66874.25.
61. Shematovich, V., J. Gérard, D. V. Bisikalo, and B. Hubert (1999), Thermalization of OID atoms in the thermosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 104(13), 4287-4296, doi:10.1029/1998JA900154.
62. Spreiter, J. R., and S. S. Stahara (1980), A new predictive model for determining solar wind-terrestrial planet interactions, J. Geophys. Res., 85(14), 6769-6777.
63. Tully, C., and R. E. Johnson (2001), Low energy collisions between ground-state oxygen atoms, Planet Space Sci., 49, 533-537.
64. Zhang, M. H. G., J. G. Luhmann, and A. J. Kliore (1990), An observational study of the nightside ionospheres of Mars and Venus with radio occultation methods, J. Geophys. Res., 95(14), 17,095-17,102.
65. Zhang, M. H. G., J. G. Luhmann, S. W. Bougher, and A. F. Nagy (1993), The ancient oxygen exosphere of Mars - Implications for atmosphere evolution, J. Geophys. Res., 98(17), 10,915.
66. Ziegler, J. F., J. P. Biersack, and U. Littmark (1985), The Stopping and Range of Ions in Solids, The Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter, Elsevier, New York.