Inflammasomes in inflammatory disorders: The role of TLRs and their interactions with NLRs

Seminars in Immunopathology

Volumn 29, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 239-248

  Becker, Christine E ^a   O'Neill, Luke A J ^a  

^a TRINITY COLLEGE DUBLIN   (Ireland)

Author keywords

Inflammatory disorders; Innate immunity; NLR; PRRs; TLR

Indexed keywords

INTERLEUKIN 18; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; MULTIPROTEIN COMPLEX; NOD LIKE RECEPTOR; PATTERN RECOGNITION RECEPTOR; PROTEIN INFLAMMASOME; RECEPTOR PROTEIN; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

DNA REPLICATION; GENE MUTATION; GENETIC POLYMORPHISM; HUMAN; INFLAMMATORY DISEASE; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN PROCESSING; PROTEIN PROTEIN INTERACTION; REVIEW; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM;

ANIMALS; HUMANS; IMMUNE SYSTEM DISEASES; INFLAMMATION; INFLAMMATION MEDIATORS; MULTIPROTEIN COMPLEXES; NOD SIGNALING ADAPTOR PROTEINS; RECEPTOR CROSS-TALK; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS;

EID: 34548670965     PISSN: 18632297     EISSN: 18632300     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00281-007-0081-4     Document Type: Review

References (89)

1. O'Neill LA (2006) How Toll-like receptors signal: what we know and what we don't know. Curr Opin Immunol 18(1):3-9
2. Bowie A, O'Neill LA (2000) The interleukin-1 receptor/Toll-like receptor superfamily: signal generators for pro-inflammatory interleukins and microbial products. J Leukoc Biol 67(4):508-514
3. Kawai T, Akira S (2006) TLR signaling. Cell Death Differ 13(5):816-825
4. Creagh EM, O'Neill LA (2006) TLRs, NLRs and RLRs: a trinity of pathogen sensors that co-operate in innate immunity. Trends Immunol 27(8):352-357
5. Akira S (2006) TLR signaling. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 311:1-16
6. Kawai T et al (2004) Interferon-alpha induction through Toll-like receptors involves a direct interaction of IRF7 with MyD88 and TRAF6. Nat Immunol 5(10):1061-1068
7. Honda K et al (2004) Role of a transductional-transcriptional processor complex involving MyD88 and IRF-7 in Toll-like receptor signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101(43):15416-15421
8. Takaoka A et al (2005) Integral role of IRF-5 in the gene induction programme activated by Toll-like receptors. Nature 434(7030):243-249
9. Yamamoto M et al (2003) Role of adaptor TRIF in the MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway. Science 301(5633):640-643
10. Oshiumi H et al (2003) TIR-containing adapter molecule (TICAM)-2, a bridging adapter recruiting to toll-like receptor 4 TICAM-1 that induces interferon-beta. J Biol Chem 278(50):49751-49762
11. Meylan E et al (2004) RIP1 is an essential mediator of Toll-like receptor 3-induced NF-kappa B activation. Nat Immunol 5(5):503-507
12. Fitzgerald KA et al (2001) Mal (MyD88-adapter-like) is required for Toll-like receptor-4 signal transduction. Nature 413(6851):78-83
13. Carty M et al (2006) The human adaptor SARM negatively regulates adaptor protein TRIF-dependent Toll-like receptor signaling. Nat Immunol 7(10):1074-1081
14. Liew FY et al (2005) Negative regulation of toll-like receptor-mediated immune responses. Nat Rev Immunol 5(6):446-458
15. Ting JP, Kastner DL, Hoffman HM (2006) CATERPILLERs, pyrin and hereditary immunological disorders. Nat Rev Immunol 6(3):183-195
16. Werts C, Girardin SE, Philpott DJ (2006) TIR, CARD and PYRIN: three domains for an antimicrobial triad. Cell Death Differ 13(5):798-815
17. Barnich N et al (2005) Membrane recruitment of NOD2 in intestinal epithelial cells is essential for nuclear factor-{kappa}B activation in muramyl dipeptide recognition. J Cell Biol 170(1):21-26
18. Kummer JA et al (2007) Inflammasome components NALP 1 and 3 show distinct but separate expression profiles in human tissues, suggesting a site-specific role in the inflammatory response. J Histochem Cytochem 55(5):443-452
19. LeibundGut-Landmann S et al (2004) Mini-review: specificity and expression of CIITA, the master regulator of MHC class II genes. Eur J Immunol 34(6):1513-1525
20. Chamaillard M, Inohara,N, Nunez G (2004) Battling enteroinvasive bacteria: Nod1 comes to the rescue. Trends Microbiol 12(12):529-532
21. Girardin SE et al (2003) Nod1 detects a unique muropeptide from gram-negative bacterial peptidoglycan. Science 300(5625):1584-1587
22. Inohara N et al (2003) Host recognition of bacterial muramyl dipeptide mediated through NOD2. Implications for Crohn's disease. J Biol Chem 278(8):5509-5512
23. Girardin SE et al (2003) Nod2 is a general sensor of peptidoglycan through muramyl dipeptide (MDP) detection. J Biol Chem 278(11):8869-8872
24. Meylan E, Tschopp J (2005) The RIP kinases: crucial integrators of cellular stress. Trends Biochem Sci 30(3):151-159
25. Kobayashi KS et al (2005) Nod2-dependent regulation of innate and adaptive immunity in the intestinal tract. Science 307(5710):731-734
26. Girardin SE et al (2001) CARD4/Nod1 mediates NF-kappaB and JNK activation by invasive Shigella flexneri. EMBO Rep 2(8):736-742
27. Boyden ED, Dietrich WF (2006) Nalp1b controls mouse macrophage susceptibility to anthrax lethal toxin. Nat Genet 38(2):240-244
28. Agostini L et al (2004) NALP3 forms an IL-1beta-processing inflammasome with increased activity in Muckle-Wells autoinflammatory disorder. Immunity 20(3):319-325
29. Park JH et al (2007) RICK/RIP2 mediates innate immune responses induced through Nod1 and Nod2 but not TLRs. J Immunol 178(4):2380-2386
30. Mariathasan S et al (2004) Differential activation of the inflammasome by caspase-1 adaptors ASC and Ipaf. Nature 430(6996):213-218
31. Sutterwala FS et al (2006) Critical role for NALP3/CIAS1/cryopyrin in innate and adaptive immunity through its regulation of caspase-1. Immunity 24(3):317-327
32. Watanabe H et al (2007) Activation of the IL-1beta-processing inflammasome is involved in contact hypersensitivity. J Invest Dermatol (in press)
33. O'Neill LA (2000) The interleukin-1 receptor/Toll-like receptor superfamily: signal transduction during inflammation and host defense. Sci STKE 2000(44):RE1
34. Martinon F, Tschopp J (2005) NLRs join TLRs as innate sensors of pathogens. Trends Immunol 26(8):447-454
35. Takeuchi O et al (1999) Differential roles of TLR2 and TLR4 in recognition of gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial cell wall components. Immunity 11(4):443-451
36. Travassos LH et al (2004) Toll-like receptor 2-dependent bacterial sensing does not occur via peptidoglycan recognition. EMBO Rep 5(10):1000-1006
37. Fritz JH et al (2005) Synergistic stimulation of human monocytes and dendritic cells by Toll-like receptor 4 and NOD1- and NOD2-activating agonists. Eur J Immunol 35(8):2459-2470
38. Li J et al (2004) Regulation of IL-8 and IL-1beta expression in Crohn's disease associated NOD2/CARD15 mutations. Hum Mol Genet 13(16):1715-1725
39. van Heel DA et al (2005) Synergistic enhancement of Toll-like receptor responses by NOD1 activation. Eur J Immunol 35(8):2471-2476
40. van Heel DA et al (2005) Muramyl dipeptide and toll-like receptor sensitivity in NOD2-associated Crohn's disease. Lancet 365(9473):1794-1796
41. van Heel DA et al (2005) Synergy between TLR9 and NOD2 innate immune responses is lost in genetic Crohn's disease. Gut 54(11):1553-1557
42. Uehara A et al (2005) Muramyldipeptide and diaminopimelic acid-containing desmuramylpeptides in combination with chemically synthesized Toll-like receptor agonists synergistically induced production of interleukin-8 in a NOD2- and NOD1-dependent manner, respectively, in human monocytic cells in culture. Cell Microbiol 7(1):53-61
43. Tada H et al (2005) Synergistic effect of Nod1 and Nod2 agonists with toll-like receptor agonists on human dendritic cells to generate interleukin-12 and T helper type 1 cells. Infect Immun 73(12):7967-7976
44. Ferwerda G et al (2005) NOD2 and toll-like receptors are nonredundant recognition systems of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. PLoS Pathog 1(3):279-285
45. Watanabe H et al (2004) Innate immune response in Th1- and Th2-dominant mouse strains. Shock 22(5):460-466
46. Rosenstiel P et al (2003) TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma regulate the expression of the NOD2 (CARD15) gene in human intestinal epithelial cells. Gastroenterology 124(4):1001-1009
47. Takahashi Y et al (2006) Up-regulation of NOD1 and NOD2 through TLR4 and TNF-alpha in LPS-treated murine macrophages. J Vet Med Sci 68(5):471-478
48. Chen CM et al (2004) Reciprocal cross-talk between Nod2 and TAK1 signaling pathways. J Biol Chem 279(24):25876-25882
49. Kufer TA, Sansonetti PJ (2007) Sensing of bacteria: NOD a lonely job. Curr Opin Microbiol 10(1):62-69
50. Chin AI et al (2002) Involvement of receptor-interacting protein 2 in innate and adaptive immune responses. Nature 416(6877):190-194
51. Kobayashi K et al (2002) RICK/Rip2/CARDIAK mediates signalling for receptors of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Nature 416(6877):194-199
52. Lu C et al (2005) Participation of Rip2 in lipopolysaccharide signaling is independent of its kinase activity. J Biol Chem 280(16):16278-16283
53. Mariathasan S, Monack DM (2007) Inflammasome adaptors and sensors: intracellular regulators of infection and inflammation. Nat Rev Immunol 7(1):31-40
54. Kahlenberg JM et al (2005) Potentiation of caspase-1 activation by the P2X7 receptor is dependent on TLR signals and requires NF-kappaB-driven protein synthesis. J Immunol 175(11):7611-7622
55. Pelegrin P, Surprenant A (2006) Pannexin-1 mediates large pore formation and interleukin-1beta release by the ATP-gated P2X7 receptor. EMBO J 25(21):5071-5082
56. Solle M et al (2001) Altered cytokine production in mice lacking P2X(7) receptors. J Biol Chem 276(1):125-132
57. Miao EA et al (2006) Cytoplasmic flagellin activates caspase-1 and secretion of interleukin 1beta via Ipaf. Nat Immunol 7(6):569-575
58. Miggin SM et al (2007) NF-kappaB activation by the Toll-IL-1 receptor domain protein MyD88 adapter-like is regulated by caspase-1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104(9):3372-3377
59. Grenier JM et al (2002) Functional screening of five PYPAF family members identifies PYPAF5 as a novel regulator of NF-kappaB and caspase-1. FEBS Lett 530(1-3):73-78
60. Wang L (2002) PYPAF7, a novel PYRIN-containing Apaf1-like protein that regulates activation of NF-kappa B and caspase-1-dependent cytokine processing. J Biol Chem 277(33):29874-29880
61. O'Connor W Jr et al (2003) Cutting edge: CIAS1/cryopyrin/PYPAF1/NALP3/ CATERPILLER 1.1 is an inducible inflammatory mediator with NF-kappa B suppressive properties. J Immunol 171(12):6329-6333
62. Williams KL et al (2005) The CATERPILLER protein monarch-1 is an antagonist of toll-like receptor-, tumor necrosis factor alpha-, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced pro-inflammatory signals. J Biol Chem 280(48):39914-39924
63. Franchi L et al (2006) Cytosolic flagellin requires Ipaf for activation of caspase-1 and interleukin 1beta in salmonella-infected macrophages. Nat Immunol 7(6):576-582
64. Berdeli A et al (2005) TLR-2 gene Arg753Gln polymorphism is strongly associated with acute rheumatic fever in children. J Mol Med 83(7):535-541
65. Ogus AC et al (2004) The Arg753GLn polymorphism of the human toll-like receptor 2 gene in tuberculosis disease. Eur Respir J 23(2):219-223
66. Moore CE et al (2004) Lack of association between Toll-like receptor 2 polymorphisms and susceptibility to severe disease caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 11(6):1194-1197
67. Kang TJ, Chae GT (2001) Detection of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) mutation in the lepromatous leprosy patients. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 31(1):53-58
68. Agnese DM et al (2002) Human toll-like receptor 4 mutations but not CD14 polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of gram-negative infections. J Infect Dis 186(10):1522-1525
69. Child NJ et al (2003) Polymorphisms in Toll-like receptor 4 and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Biochem Soc Trans 31(Pt 3):652-653
70. Minoretti P et al (2006) Effect of the functional toll-like receptor 4 Asp299Gly polymorphism on susceptibility to late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Neurosci Lett 391(3):147-149
71. Zheng SL et al (2004) Sequence variants of toll-like receptor 4 are associated with prostate cancer risk: results from the CAncer Prostate in Sweden Study. Cancer Res 64(8):2918-2922
72. Hawn TR et al (2003) A common dominant TLR5 stop codon polymorphism abolishes flagellin signaling and is associated with susceptibility to legionnaires' disease. J Exp Med 198(10):1563-1572
73. Tantisira K et al (2004) Toll-like receptor 6 gene (TLR6): single-nucleotide polymorphism frequencies and preliminary association with the diagnosis of asthma. Genes Immun 5(5):343-346
74. Abinun M (1995) Ectodermal dysplasia and immunodeficiency. Arch Dis Child 73(2):185
75. Ku CL et al (2005) Inherited disorders of human Toll-like receptor signaling: immunological implications. Immunol Rev 203:10-20
76. Picard C et al (2003) Pyogenic bacterial infections in humans with IRAK-4 deficiency. Science 299(5615):2076-2079
77. Medvedev AE et al (2002) Dysregulation of LPS-induced Toll-like receptor 4-MyD88 complex formation and IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 activation in endotoxin-tolerant cells. J Immunol 169(9):5209-5216
78. Jefferies CA, O'Neill LA (2004) Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk)-the critical tyrosine kinase in LPS signalling? Immunol Lett 92(1-2):15-22
79. Khor CC et al (2007) A Mal functional variant is associated with protection against invasive pneumococcal disease, bacteremia, malaria and tuberculosis. Nat Genet 39(4):523-528
80. Kiechl S et al (2002) Toll-like receptor 4 polymorphisms and atherogenesis. N Engl J Med 347(3):185-192
81. Palmer SM et al (2003) The role of innate immunity in acute allograft rejection after lung transplantation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 168(6):628-632
82. Rudofsky G Jr et al (2004) Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile genotypes of the TLR4 gene are associated with a reduced prevalence of diabetic neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 27(1):179-183
83. Andersen-Nissen E et al (2005) Evasion of Toll-like receptor 5 by flagellated bacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102(26):9247-9252
84. Andersen-Nissen E et al (2007) A conserved surface on Toll-like receptor 5 recognizes bacterial flagellin. J Exp Med 204(2):393-403
85. Fortune SM et al (2004) Mycobacterium tuberculosis inhibits macrophage responses to IFN-gamma through myeloid differentiation factor 88-dependent and -independent mechanisms. J Immunol 172(10):6272-6280
86. Rosenstiel P, Till A, Schreiber S (2007) NOD-like receptors and human diseases. Microbes Infect 9(5):648-657
87. Dinarello CA (1996) Biologic basis for interleukin-1 in disease. Blood 87(6):2095-2147
88. Cook DN, Pisetsky DS, Schwartz DA (2004) Toll-like receptors in the pathogenesis of human disease. Nat Immunol 5(10):975-979
89. Trinchieri G, Sher A (2007) Cooperation of Toll-like receptor signals in innate immune defence. Nat Rev Immunol 7(3):179-190