Monitoring of nitrogen leaching on a dairy farm during four drainage seasons

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research

Volumn 45, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 115-134

  Ryan, M ^a   Brophy, C ^b   Connolly, J ^b   McNamara, K ^a   Carton, O T ^a  

^a TEAGASC   (Ireland)

^b UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN   (Ireland)

Author keywords

Ammonium N; Leaching; Nitrate N

Indexed keywords

EID: 34548601236     PISSN: 07916833     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Anon. 1988. European Communities (Quality of Salmonid Waters) Regulations, 1988 [Online] available from , 8 pages.
2. Aarts, H.F.M., Habekotte, B. and van Keulen, H. 2000. Nitrogen (N) management in the 'De Marke' dairy farming system. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 56: 231-240.
3. Allen, R.G., Pereira, L.S., Raes, D. and Smith, M. 1998. "Crop evapotranspiration guidelines for computing crop water requirements". FAO Irrigation and Drainage paper 56, 227 pages.
4. Anita, N.J., Harrison, P.J. and Oliveira, L. 1991. The role of dissolved organic nitrogen in phytoplankton nutrition, cell biology and ecology. Phycologia 30: 1-89.
5. Aslyng, H.C. 1965. Evaporation, evapotranspiration and water balance investigations at Copenhagen 1955-64. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavaca XV: 284-300.
6. Aulakh, M.S., Rennie, D.A. and Paul, E.A. 1983. Field studies on gaseous nitrogen losses from soils under continuous wheat versus a wheat-fallow rotation. Plant and Soil 75: 15-27.
7. Barkle, G.F., Stenger, R., Singleton, P.L. and Painter, D.J. 2000. Effect of regular irrigation with dairy farm effluent on soil organic matter and soil microbial biomass. Australian Journal of Soil Research 38: 1087-1097.
8. Bartley, P. 2003. Nitrate responses in groundwater under grassland dairy agriculture. Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Dublin, Trinity College, 376 pages.
9. Bartley, P. and Johnston, P. 2006. "Eutrophication from Agriculture Sources. Nitrate Leaching - Groundwater (2000-L S 2.3.1.3)", Final Report. EPA, Wexford, Ireland, 89 pages.
10. Bol, R., Kandeler, E., Amelung, W., Glaser, B., Marx, M.C., Preedy, N. and Lorenz, K. 2003. Short-term effects of dairy slurry amendment on carbon sequestration and enzyme activities in a temperate grassland. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 35: 1411-1421.
11. Chapin, F.S. 1995. New cog in the nitrogen-cycle. Nature 377: 199-200.
12. Christou, M., Avramides, E.J., Roberts, J.P. and Jones, D.L. 2005. Dissolved organic nitrogen in contrasting agricultural ecosystems. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 37: 1560-1563.
13. 15N-labelled nitrate in l m deep soil columns. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 31: 31-41.
14. Cookson, W.R., Abaye, D.A., Marschner, P., Murphy, D.V., Stockdale, E.A. and Goulding, K.W.T. 2005. The contribution of soil organic matter fractions to carbon and nitrogen mineralization and microbial community size and structure. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 37: 1726-1737.
15. Cork County Council. 1998. Report on nitrate levels in Co. Cork water supplies. Internal Report from Cork County Council Environment Department, Inniscarra, Co. Cork to the Department of the Environment and Local Government, 19 pages.
16. Crawley, P. 2001. "Rural Environmental Indicators". Environmental Protection Agency, PO Box 3000, Johnstown Castle Estate, County Wexford, Ireland, 49 pages.
17. Culleton, N., Tunney, H. and Coulter, B. 1994. Sustainability in Irish agriculture. Irish Geography 27: 36-47.
18. Cuttle, S.P., Scurlock, R.V. and Davies, B.M.S. 2001. Comparison of fertilizer strategies for reducing nitrate leaching from grazed grassland, with particular reference to the contribution from urine patches. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 136: 221-230.
19. Darmody, P. 2004. "Losses of nitrogen by leaching from grazed dairy pastures". M Phil Thesis, Queen's University, Belfast, 158 pages.
20. del Prado, A., Brown, L., Schulte, R., Ryan, M. and Scholefield, D. 2006. Principles of development of a mass balance N cycle model for temperate grasslands: an Irish case study. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 74: 115-131.
21. Folorunso, O.A. and Rolston, D.E. 1984. Spatial variability of field-measured denitrification gas fluxes. Soil Science Society of America Journal 48: 1214-1219.
22. Gardiner, M.J. and Radford, T. 1980. "Soil Associations of Ireland and their Land Use Potential". National Soil Survey of Ireland. An Foras Talúntais, Dublin, 142 pages.
23. Gibbons, P., Rodgers, M. and Mulqueen, J. 2006. "Eutrophication from Agriculture Sources. Nitrate Leaching - Soil Investigation (2000- LS - 2.3.1.2.)" Final Report, EPA, Wexford, Ireland, 128 pages.
24. Hawke, R.M. and Summers, S.A. 2003. Land application of farm dairy effluent: results from a case study, Wairarapa, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 46: 339-346.
25. Horan, B., Mee, J.F., Rath, M., O'Connor, P. and Dillon, P. 2004. The effect of strain of Holstein-Friesian cow and feeding system on reproductive performance in seasonal-calving milk production systems. Animal Science 79: 453-467.
26. Hyde, B.P., Hawkins, M.J., Fanning, A.F., Noonan, D., Ryan, M., O'Toole, P. and Carton, O.T. 2006. Nitrous oxide emissions from a fertilized and grazed grassland in the south east of Ireland. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 75: 187-200.
27. Jarvis, S.C. 1993. Nitrogen cycling and losses from dairy farms. Soil Use and Management 9: 99-105.
28. Jarvis, S.C., Barraclough, D., Unwin, R.J. and Royle, S.M. 1989. Nitrate leaching from grazed grassland and after straw incorporation in arable soils. In: "Management Systems to Reduce Impact of Nitrates" (ed. J.C. Germon), Elsevier Applied Science, pages 110-125.
29. Laws, J.A., Pain, B.F., Jarvis, S.C. and Scholefield, D. 2000. Comparison of grassland management systems for beef cattle using self-contained farmlets: effects of contrasting nitrogen inputs and management strategies on nitrogen budgets, and herbage and animal production. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 80: 243-254.
30. Ledgard, S.F., Clark, D.A., Sprosen, M.S., Brier, G.J. and Nemaia, E.K.K. 1996. Nitrogen losses from grazed dairy pasture, as affected by nitrogen fertiliser application. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 57: 21-25.
31. Littell, R.C., Milliken, G.A., Walter, W.S., Wolfinger, R.D. 1996. SAS System for Mixed Models. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA, pages 423-460.
32. Met Éireann. 1996. Monthly and annual averages of rainfall in Ireland 1961-1990. Climatological Note 10.
33. Met Éireann. 2002. Monthly Return of Daily Observations from Climatological Station(s), Moorepark, County Cork. Form 8109.
34. Mills, G. 2000. Modelling the water budget of Ireland - evapotranspiration and soil moisture. Irish Geography 33: 99-116.
35. Mikha, M.M., Rice, C.W. and Milliken, G.A. 2005. Carbon and nitrogen mineralization as affected by drying and wetting cycles. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 37: 339-347.
36. Mounsey, J., Sheehy, J., Carton, O.T. and O'Toole, P. 1998. "Nutrient management planning on Irish dairy farms". End of Project Report ARMIS 4347, Teagasc, Wexford, 22 pages.
37. Neill, M. 1989. Nitrate concentrations in river waters in the south-east of Ireland and their relationship with agricultural practice. Water Research 23: 1339-1355.
38. Neill, M. 2005. "River Water Quality in South-East Ireland, 2004". Environmental Protection Agency, Regional Water Laboratory, Kilkenny, Ireland.
39. O'Connell, K., Humphreys, J. and Watson, C.J. 2004. "Quantification of nitrogen sources for grassland". Winter Scientific Meeting, The Fertiliser Association of Ireland, pages 15-28.
40. Richards, K., Coxon, C., Ryan, M., Daly, D. and Kiely, J. 1996. Quantification of nitrate leaching to groundwatef Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research 35: 67 (Abstract).
41. Richards, K. 1999. Sources of nitrate leached to groundwater in grasslands of Fermoy, Co. Cork. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Trinity College, Dublin, 290 pages.
42. Richards, K., Sills, P., Hooker, K. and Coxon, C. 2004. "Nutrient export and cycling from an efficient farming system". Research Report, Teagasc, Johnstown Castle Research Centre, pages 24-26.
43. Ryan, M. and Fanning, A. 1996. Effect of fertiliser N and slurry on nitrate leaching-lysimeter studies on five soils. Irish Geography 29: 126-136.
44. Ryan, M., Fanning, A. and Noonan, D. 2001. "Monitoring of potential N losses from dairy and organic farming systems". End of Project Report ARMIS 4482, Teagasc, Wexford, 24 pages.
45. Ryan, M., McNamara, K., Carton, O.T., Brophy, C., Connolly, J. and Houtsma, E. 2006a. Eutrophication from Agriculture Sources. "Nitrate leaching - Farm Scale (2000-LS- 2.3.1.1)" Section 1 of 3. Final Report, EPA, Wexford, Ireland, 54 pages.
46. Ryan, M., McNamara, K., Carton, O.T., Brophy, C., Connolly, J. and Houtsma, E. 2006b. Eutrophication from Agriculture Sources. "Nitrate leaching - Farm Scale (2000-LS- 2.3.1.1)" Section 2 of 3. Final Report, EPA, Wexford, Ireland, 90 pages
47. Ryan, M. and Sherwood, M. 1990. Nitrogen movement in grazed pasture soils. Proceedings of European Grassland Federation, Banska Bystrica, pages 39-43.
48. Scholefield., D., Tyson, K.C., Garwood, E.A., Armstrong, A.C., Hawkins, J. and Stone, A.C. 1993. Nitrate leaching from grazed grassland lysimeters: effects of fertilizer input, field drainage, age of sward and patterns of weather. Journal of Soil Science 44: 601-613.
49. Sherwood, M. 1986. Nitrate leaching following application of slurry and urine to field plots. In: "Efficient Land use of Sludge and Manure" (ed. A. Dam Kofoed, J.H. Williams, P. L'Hermite), Elsevier Applied Science, London, pages 150-157.
50. Sherwood, M. and Ryan, M. 1990. Nitrate leaching under pastures. In: "Nitrates-Agriculture-Eau" (ed. R. Calvet), INRA, Paris, pages 323-333.
51. Siemens, J. and Kaupenjohann, M. 2002. Contribution of dissolved organic nitrogen to N leaching from four German agricultural soils. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 165: 675-681.
52. Silva, R.G., Cameron, K.C., Di, H.J. and Hendry, T. 1999. A lysimeter study of the impact of cow urine, dairy shed effluent and nitrogen fertiliser on nitrate leaching. Australian Journal of Soil Research 37: 357-369.
53. Thorn, R.H. 1986. Factors affecting the leaching of nitrate to groundwater in the Republic of Ireland. Irish Geography 19: 23-32.
54. Verbeke, G. and Molenberghs, G. 2000. Linear mixed models for longitudinal data. Springer Series in Statistics. Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., pages 74-76, 97-101.
55. Watson, C.J., Jordan, C., Lennox, S.D., Smith, R.V. and Steen, R.W.J. 2000. Inorganic Nitrogen in Drainage Water from Grazed Grassland in Northern Ireland. Journal of Environmental Quality 29: 225-232.
56. Watson, C.J., Stevens, R.J., Steen, R.W.J., Jordan, C. and Lennox, S.D. 1998. "Minimizing nitrogen losses from grazed grassland". Annual Report 1997-1998, Agricultural Research Institute of Northern Ireland, pages 49-61.
57. Whitmore, A.P. and Schroeder, J.J. 1996. Modelling the change in soil organic C and N and the mineralization of N from soil in response to applications of slurry manure. Plant and Soil 184: 185-194.
58. Zaman, M., Di, H.J. and Cameron, K.C. 1999. A field study of gross rates of N mineralization and nitrification and their relationships to microbial biomass and enzyme activities in soils treated with dairy effluent and ammonium fertilizer. Soil Use and Management 15: 188-194.
59. Zaman, M., Di, H.J., Cameron, K.C. and Frampton, C.M. 1999. Gross nitrogen mineralization and nitrification rates and their relationships to enzyme activities and the soil microbial biomass in soils treated with dairy shed effluent and ammonium fertilizer at different water potentials. Biology and Fertility of Soils 29: 178-186.