Re-embedding the ethnic business agenda

Work, Employment and Society

Volumn 21, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 439-457

  Jones, Trevor ^a,b   Ram, Monder ^a,b  

^a DE MONTFORT UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b DE MONTFORT UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Ethnic minority enterprise; Re embedding; Small firms

Indexed keywords

EID: 34548593548     PISSN: 09500170     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0950017007080007     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. Aldrich, H.E. and Cliff, J.E. (2003) ' The Pervasive Effects of Family on Entrepreneurship: Toward a Family Embeddedness Perspective ', Journal of Business Venturing 18 (5). 573-96.
2. Aldrich, H.E. and Reiss, A. Jr (1976) ' Continuities in the Study of Ecological Succession: Changes in the Racial Composition of Neighborhoods and Their Businesses ', American Journal of Sociology 81 (4). 846-66.
3. Aldrich, H.E., Cater, J., Jones, T. and McEvoy, D. (1981) 'Business Development and Self-Segregation: Asian Enterprise in Three British Cities', in C. Peach et al. (eds) Ethnic Segregation in Cities, pp. 170-92. London: Croom Helm.
4. Arrowsmith, J., Gilman, M., Edwards, P. and Ram, M. (2003) ' The Impact of the National Minimum Wage on Small Firms', British Journal of Industrial Relations 41 (3). 434-56.
5. Baines, S. and Wheelock, J. (1998) ' Reinventing Traditional Solutions: Job Creation, Gender and the Micro-Business Household', Work, Employment and Society 12 (4). 579-601.
6. Barbieri, P. (2003) ' Social Capital and Self-Employment: A Network Analysis Experiment and Several Considerations', International Sociology 18 (4). 681-702.
7. Barrett, R. and Rainnie, A. (2002) ' What's So Special About Small Firms? Developing an Integrated Approach to Small Firm Industrial Relations', Work, Employment and Society 16 (3). 415-31.
8. Barrett, G., Jones, T. and McEvoy, D. (2003) 'United Kingdom: Severely Constrained Entrepreneurialism ', in R. Kloosterman and J. Rath (eds) Immigrant Entrepreneurs: Venturing Abroad in the Age of Globalization, pp. 101-22. Oxford: Berg.
9. Basu, A. (1998) ' An Exploration of Entrepreneurial Activity Among Asian Small Businesses in Britain', Small Business Economics 10 (4). 313-26.
10. Bechhofer, F. and Elliott, B. (1976) 'Persistence and Change: the Petite Bourgeoisie in Industrial Society', European Journal of Sociology 17 (1). 74-99.
11. Bechhofer, F. and Elliott, B. (1978) ' The Voice of Small Business and the Politics of Survival', Sociological Review 26 (1). 57-88.
12. Bechhofer, F. and Elliott, B. (eds) (1981) The Petite Bourgeoisie: Comparative Studies of the Uneasy Stratum. London: Macmillan.
13. Bechhofer, F., Elliott, B., Rushworth, M. and Bland, R. (1974) ' Small Shopkeepers: Matters of Money and Meaning', Sociological Review 22 (4). 465-82.
14. Bolton, J. (1971) Report of the Committee of Enquiry on Small Firms, Cmnd 4811. London: HMSO.
15. Chapman, P. (1999) ' Managerial Control Strategies in Small Firms', International Small Business Journal 17 (1). 75-81.
16. Chell, E., Haworth, J. and Brealey, S. (1991) The Entrepreneurial Personality: Concepts, Cases and Categories. London: Routledge.
17. Clark, K. and Drinkwater, S. (2000) 'Pushed Out or Pulled In? Ethnic Minority Self-Employment in England and Wales', Labour Economics 7 (5). 603-28.
18. Curran, J. (1986) 'The Survival of the Petite Bourgeoisie: Production and Reproduction', in J. Curran et al. (eds) The Survival of the Small Firm, Volume 2: Employment, Growth, Technology and Politics, pp. 204-24. Aldershot: Gower.
19. Dyer, W.G. (2003) 'The Family: The Missing Variable in Organizational Research', Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 27 (4). 401-16.
20. Edwards, P. and Ram, M. (2006) ' Still Living on the Edge: Marginal Small Firms, Negotiated Orders and the Dynamics of the Modern Economy', Journal of Management Studies 43 (4). 895-916.
21. Fernandez-Kelly, P. and Konczal, L. (2005) ' Murdering the Alphabet: Identity and Entrepreneurship Among Second-Generation Cubans, West Indians, and Central Americans', Ethnic and Racial Studies 28 (6). 1153-81.
22. Flap, H., Kumcu, A. and Bulder, B. (2000) 'The social capital of ethnic entrepreneurs and their business success', in J. Rath (ed.) Immigrant Businesses: the Economic, Political and Social Environment pp. 142-61. London: Macmillan.
23. Forrester, T. (1978) ' Asians in Business', New Society 435 (February). 420-1.
24. Granovetter, M. (1985) ' Economic Action and Economic Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness', American Journal of Sociology 91 (3). 481-510.
25. Granovetter, M. (1995) 'The Economic Sociology of Firms and Entrepreneurs', in A. Portes (ed.) The Economic Sociology of Immigration: Essays on Networks, Ethnicity and Entrepreneurship, pp. 128-65. New York: Russell Sage.
26. Grant, A. (1958) Socialism and the Middle Classes. London: Laurence and Wishart.
27. Greenfield, S.M., Strickon, A., Aubey, R.T. and Rothstein, M. (1979) 'Studies in Entrepreneurial Behaviour', in S. Greenfield et al. (eds) Entrepreneurs in Cultural Context, pp. 3-20. Albuquerque: New Mexico Press.
28. Harvey, D. (1993) 'The Nature of Environment: The Dialectics of Social and Environmental Change', in R. Miliband and L. Panitch (eds) Real Problems False Solutions pp. 1-51. London: Merlin/Socialist Register.
29. Heilbroner, R. (1968) The Making of Economic Society. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
30. Hess, M. (2004) '" Spatial" relationships? Towards a reconceptualization of embeddedness', Progress in Human Geography 28 (2). 165-86.
31. Hoy, F. (2003) ' Legitimizing Family Business Scholarship in Organizational Research and Education', Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 27 (4). 417-22.
32. Janjuha-Jivraj, S. (2003) ' The Sustainability of Social Capital Within Ethnic Networks', Journal of Business Ethics 74 (1). 31-43.
33. Jones, T., McEvoy, D. and Barrett, G. (1994 a) 'Raising Capital for the Ethnic Minority Small Firm', in A. Hughes and D. Storey (eds) Finance and the Small Firm, pp. 145-81. London: Routledge.
34. Jones, T., McEvoy, D. and Barrett, G. (1994 b) ' Labour-Intensive Practices in the Ethnic Minority Small Firm', in J. Atkinson and D. Storey (eds) Employment, the Small Firm and the Labour Market, pp. 172-205. London: Routledge.
35. Jones, T., Ram, M. and Edwards, P. (2006) ' Shades of Grey in the Informal Economy', International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 26 (9 / 10). 357-73.
36. Kloosterman, R. and Rath, J. (eds) (2003) Immigrant Entrepreneurs: Venturing Abroad in the Age of Globalization. Oxford: Berg.
37. Kloosterman, R., Van Leun, J. and Rath, J. (1999) 'Mixed Embeddedness: Immigrant Entrepreneurship and Informal Economic Activities', International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 23 (2). 253-77.
38. Leonard, M. (1998) Invisible Work, Invisible Workers: the Informal Economy in Europe and the United States. London: Macmillan.
39. Light, I. (2000) 'Globalisation and Migration Networks', in J. Rath (ed.) Immigrant Businesses: The Economic, Political and Social Environment, pp. 162-81. London: Macmillan.
40. Light, I. (2004) 'The Ethnic Ownership Economy', in C. Stiles and C. Galbraith (eds) Ethnic Entrepreneurship: Structure and Process, pp. 3-44. Oxford: Elsevier.
41. Light, I. and Gold, S. (2000) Ethnic Economies. San Diego: Academic Press.
42. Long, N. (1979) 'Multiple Enterprise in the Central Highlands of Peru', in S. Greenfield et al. (eds) Entrepreneurs in Cultural Context, pp. 123-58. Albuquerque: New Mexico Press.
43. Marx, K. and Engels, F. (n.d./ 1848) The Manifesto of the Communist Party. Moscow: Progress Publishers.
44. Metcalf, H., Mohdood, T. and Virdee, S. (1996) Asian Self-Employment: The Interaction of Culture and Economics in England. London: Policy Studies Institute.
45. Mills, C.W. (1957) White Collar: The American Middle Class. New York: Oxford University Press.
46. Mulholland, K. (1997) ' The Family Enterprise and Business Strategies', Work, Employment and Society 11 (4). 685-711.
47. Patel, S. (1991) 'Patterns of Growth: Asian Retailing in Inner and Outer Areas of Birmingham', in S. Vertovec (ed.) Aspects of the South Asian Diaspora, pp. 132-68. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
48. Polanyi, K. (1944) The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
49. Ram, M. and Jones, T. (forthcoming) Ethnic Minority Business in Britain. London: Small Business Research Trust.
50. Ram, M., Jones, T. and Patton, D. (2006) 'Ethnic Managerialism and its Discontents: Policy Implementation and "Ethnic Minority Businesses "', Policy Studies 27 (4). 295-309.
51. Ram, M., Smallbone, D. and Deakins, D. (2002) The Finance and Business Support Needs of Ethnic Minority Firms in Britain. Research Report. London: British Bankers' Association.
52. Ram, M., Smallbone, D., Deakins, D. and Jones, T. (2003) 'Banking on "Break-Out": Finance and the Development of Ethnic Minority Businesses', Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 29 (4) 663-81.
53. Ram, M., Jones, T., Abbas, T. and Sanghera B. (2002) ' Ethnic Minority Enterprise in its Urban Context: South Asian Restaurants in Birmingham ', International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 26 (1). 24-40.
54. Ram, M., Sanghera, B., Abbas, T., Barlow, G. and Jones, T. (2000) ' Ethnic Minority Business in Comparative Perspective: The Case of the Independent Restaurant Sector', Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 26 (3). 495-510.
55. Rath, J. (2000) 'Immigrant Businesses and their Economic, Politico-Institutional and Social Environment', in J. Rath (ed.) Immigrant Business: The Economic, Political and Social Environment, pp. 1-19. Basingstoke: Macmillan.
56. Robson, M. (1997) ' The Relative Earnings From Self and Paid Employment: A Time Series Analysis for the UK', Scottish Journal of Political Economy 44 (5). 502-18.
57. Sanders, J. and Nee, V. (1996) ' Immigrant Self-Employment: The Family as Social Capital and the Value of Human Capital', American Sociological Review 61 (2). 231-49.
58. Sayer, A. (1995) Radical Political Economy: A Critique. Oxford: Blackwell.
59. Scase, R. and Goffee, R. (1982) The Entrepreneurial Middle Class. London: Croom Helm.
60. Spence, L., Schmidpeder, R. and Habisch, A. (2003) ' Assessing Social Capital: Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in Germany and the UK', Journal of Business Ethics 47 (1). 17-29.
61. Srinavasan, S. (1995) The South Asian Petty Bourgeoisie in Britain. Aldershot: Avebury.
62. Storey, D. (1994) Understanding the Small Business Sector. London: Routledge.
63. Virdee, S. (2006) '" Race", Employment and Social Change: A Critique of Current Orthodoxies', Ethnic and Racial Studies 29 (4). 605-28.
64. Waldinger, R. (1996) Still the Promised City: African-Americans and New Immigrants in Post-industrial New York. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
65. Waldinger, R., Aldrich, H., Ward, R. and Associates (eds) (1990) Ethnic Entrepreneurs: Immigrant Business in Industrial Societies. London: Sage.
66. Werbner, P. (1984) ' Business on Trust: Pakistani Entrepreneurs in the Manchester Garment Trade', in R. Ward and R. Jenkins (eds) Ethnic Communities in Business, pp. 166-88. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
67. Werbner, P. (1990) 'Renewing an Industrial Past: British Pakistani Entrepreneurship in Manchester', Migration 8 (7). 17-41.
68. Werbner, P. (1999) ' What Colour Success? Distorting Values in the Study of Ethnic Entrepreneurship', Sociological Review 47 (3). 548-79.