Effect of combined Taiji and Qigong training on balance mechanisms: A randomized controlled trial of older adults

Medical Science Monitor

Volumn 13, Issue 8, 2007, Pages

  Yang, Yang ^a,b   Verkuilen, Jay V ^a   Rosengren, Karl S ^a   Grubisich, Scott A ^b   Reed, Michael R ^b   Hsiao Wecksler, Elizabeth T ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

^b Center for Taiji Studies   (United States)

Author keywords

Base of support; Ch'i Kung; Stance width; Tai Chi; Vestibular

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; EXERCISE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; NORMAL HUMAN; SENSORIMOTOR FUNCTION; SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEM; STANDING; TAI CHI; TRAINING; VESTIBULAR FUNCTION; VISUAL SYSTEM;

AGE FACTORS; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; BREATHING EXERCISES; EXERCISE; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MUSCULOSKELETAL EQUILIBRIUM; NERVOUS SYSTEM PHYSIOLOGY; SEX FACTORS; TAI JI; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 34548432621     PISSN: 12341010     EISSN: 16433750     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Yang Y. Grubisich S: Taijiquan: the art of nurturing, the science of power. Champaign, IL: Zhenwu Press, 2005
2. Wolf SL, Barnhart HX, Kutner NG et al: Reducing frailty and falls in older persons: an investigation of Tai Chi and computerized balance training. Atlanta FICSIT Group. Frailty and Injuries: Cooperative Studies of Intervention Techniques. J Am Geriatr Soc, 1996; 44(5): 489-97
3. Li F, Harmer P, Fisher KJ et al: Tai Chi and fall reductions in older adults: a randomized controlled trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2005; 60(2): 187-94
4. Wu G: Evaluation of the effectiveness of Tai Chi for improving balance and preventing falls in the older population - a review. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2002; 50(4): 746-54
5. Shih J: Basic Beijing twenty-four forms of T'ai Chi exercise and average velocity of sway. Percept Mot Skills, 1997; 84(1): 287-90
6. Forrest WR: Anticipatory postural adjustment and T'ai Chi Ch'uan. Biomed Sci Instrum, 1997; 33: 65-70
7. Hsiao-Wecksler ET, Narayanan K, Lee BS et al: Exploring effects of Tai Chi on balance in older adults. In Proceedings of the ASME Summer Bioengineering Conference. Key Biscayne, FL; June 25-29, 2003
8. Wolf SL, Barnhart HX, Ellison GL et al: The effect of Tai Chi Quan and computerized balance training on postural stability in older subjects. Phys Ther, 1997; 77(4): 371-84
9. Wu G, Zhao F, Zhou X, Wei L: Improvement of isokinetic knee extensor strength and reduction of postural sway in the elderly from long-term Tai Chi exercise. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2002; 83(10): 1364-69
10. Tsang WW, Hui-Chan CW: Effects of tai chi on joint proprioception and stability limits in elderly subjects. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 2003; 35(12): 1962-71
11. Tsang WW, Wong VS, Fu SN, Hui-Chan CW: Tai Chi improves standing balance control under reduced or conflicting sensory conditions. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2004; 85(1): 129-37
12. Tsang WW, Hui-Chan CW: Effect of 4- and 8-wk intensive Tai Chi Training on balance control in the elderly. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 2004; 36(4): 648-57
13. Ramachandran AK, Yang Y et al: Tai Chi and stance width effects on postural sway and knee flexion. In Proceedings of the 28th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Biomechanics. Portland, OR; September 8-11, 2004
14. Mair VH, Tao Te Ching: The classic book of integrity and the way. New York: Bantam Books, 1990
15. Yeh GY, Wood MJ, Lorell BH et al: Effects of tai chi mind-body movement therapy on functional status and exercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Med, 2004; 117(8): 541-48
16. Rosengren KS, Christou E, Yang Y et al: Quantification of Taiji learning in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2003; 51(8): 1186-87
17. Berg KO, Wood-Dauphinee SL, Williams JI, Maki B: Measuring balance in the elderly: validation of an instrument. Can J Public Health, 1992; 83 Suppl 2: S7-S11
18. Pfeiffer E: A short portable mental status questionnaire for the assessment of organic brain deficit in elderly patients. J Am Geriatr Soc, 1975; 23(10): 433-41
19. Nashner LM (ed.) Computerized dynamic posturography. Handbook of balance function and testing. Jacobson G, Newman C, Kartush J (eds.). Mosby Year Book, St. Louis, 1993; 280-307
20. Tsang WW, Hui-Chan CW: Standing Balance After Vestibular Stimulation in Tai Chi-Practicing and Nonpracticing Healthy Older Adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2006; 87(4): 546-53
21. Ford-Smith CD, Wyman JF, Elswick JRK et al: Test-retest reliability of the sensory organization test in noninstitutionalized older adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 1995; 76(1): 77-81
22. Wigglesworth JK, Dayhoff NE, Suhrheinrich J: The reliability of four measures of postural control using the Smart Balance Master. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 1996; 29(5) Suppl: S113
23. Kirby RL, Price NA, MacLeod DA: The influence of foot position on standing balance. J Biomech, 1987; 20(4): 423-27
24. Chiari L, Rocchi L, Cappello A: Stabilometric parameters are affected by anthropometry and foot placement. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon), 2002; 17(9-10): 666-77
25. Hardin JW, Hilbe J: Generalized estimating equations. Boca Raton, FL: Chapman & Hall/CRC, 2003
26. Diggle PJ, Heagerty PJ, Liang KY, Zeger SL: Analysis of longitudinal data. New York, Oxford University Press, 2002
27. McCulloch CE: Repeated measures ANOVA, R.I.P.? Chance, 2005; 18(3): 29-33
28. Jacobson BH, Chen HC, Cashel C, Guerrero L: The effect of T'ai Chi Chuan training on balance, kinesthetic sense, and strength. Percept Mot Skills, 1997; 84(1): 27-33
29. Yan JH: Tai chi practice improves senior citizens' balance and arm movement control. J Aging Phys Activ, 1998; 6: 271-84
30. Day BL, Steiger MJ, Thompson PD, Marsden CD: Effect of vision and stance width on human body motion when standing: implications for afferent control of lateral sway. J Physiol, 1993; 469: 479-99
31. Henry SM, Fung J, Horak FB: Effect of stance width on multidirectional postural responses. J Neurophysiol, 2001; 85(2): 559-70
32. Wolfson L, Judge J, Whipple R, King M: Strength is a major factor in balance, gait, and the occurrence of falls. J Am Geriatr Soc, 1995; 50A(Special Issue): 64-67
33. Swensen T, Cowley P, Sforzo GA: The effect of resistance training with a stability ball. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 2005; 37(5) Suppl: S186
34. Gatts SK, Woollacott MH: Neural mechanisms underlying balance improvement with short term Tai Chi training. Aging Clin Exp Res, 2006; 18(1): 7-19
35. Christou EA, Yang Y, Rosengren KS: Taiji training improves knee extensor strength and force control in older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2003; 58(8): 763-66