Risk factors for sonographic internal anal sphincter gaps 6-12 months after delivery complicated by anal sphincter tear

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Volumn 197, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 310.e1-310.e5

  Bradley, Catherine S ^a   Richter, Holly E ^b   Gutman, Robert E ^c   Brown, Morton B ^d   Whitehead, William E ^e   Fine, Paul M ^f   Hakim, Christiane ^g   Harford, Frank ^h   Weber, Anne M ⁱ  

^a UNIVERSITY OF IOWA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM   (United States)

^c JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^f BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^g UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

^h LOYOLA UNIVERSITY CHICAGO   (United States)

ⁱ EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT   (United States)

Author keywords

anal sphincter laceration; endoanal ultrasound; postpartum fecal incontinence

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ANUS INJURY; ANUS SPHINCTER; ANUS SPHINCTER INJURY; ARTICLE; CAUCASIAN; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; DELIVERY; ECHOGRAPHY; EPISIOTOMY; FEMALE; FISHER EXACT TEST; HUMAN; LACERATION; LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; NEGRO; PERINEUM INJURY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RACE DIFFERENCE; RISK FACTOR; STUDENT T TEST;

EID: 34548423287     PISSN: 00029378     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.06.034     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. Sultan A.H., Kamm M.A., Hudson C.N., Thomas J.M., and Bartram C.I. Anal-sphincter disruption during vaginal delivery. N Engl J Med 329 (1993) 1905-1911
2. Fenner D.E., Genberg B., Brahma P., Marek L., and DeLancey J.O. Fecal and urinary incontinence after vaginal delivery with anal sphincter disruption in an obstetrics unit in the United States. Am J Obstet Gynecol 189 (2003) 1543-1549 discussion 1549-50
3. Fitzpatrick M., Behan M., O'Connell P.R., and O'Herlihy C. A randomized clinical trial comparing primary overlap with approximation repair of third-degree obstetric tears. Am J Obstet Gynecol 183 (2000) 1220-1224
4. Sultan A.H., Kamm M.A., Hudson C.N., and Bartram C.I. Third degree obstetric anal sphincter tears: risk factors and outcome of primary repair. BMJ 308 (1994) 887-891
5. Richter H.E., Fielding J.R., Bradley C.S., et al. Relationship between endoanal ultrasound findings and fecal incontinence symptoms in primiparous women with and without clinically recognized anal sphincter tears. Obstet Gynecol 108 (2006) 1394-1401
6. Rockwood T.H., Church J.M., Fleshman J.W., et al. Patient and surgeon ranking of the severity of symptoms associated with fecal incontinence: the fecal incontinence severity index. Dis Colon Rectum 42 (1999) 1525-1532
7. Borello-France D., Burgio K.L., Richter H.E., et al. Fecal and urinary incontinence in primiparous women. Obstet Gynecol 108 (2006) 863-872
8. Handa V.L., Danielsen B.H., and Gilbert W.M. Obstetric anal sphincter lacerations. Obstet Gynecol 98 (2001) 225-230
9. Clemons J.L., Towers G.D., McClure G.B., and O'Boyle A.L. Decreased anal sphincter lacerations associated with restrictive episiotomy use. Am J Obstet Gynecol 192 (2005) 1620-1625
10. Nichols C.M., Lamb E.H., and Ramakrishnan V. Differences in outcomes after third- versus fourth-degree perineal laceration repair: a prospective study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 193 (2005) 530-534 discussion 534-6
11. Hoyte L., Schierlitz L., Zou K., Flesh G., and Fielding J. Two- and 3-dimensional MRI comparison of levator ani structure, volume, and integrity in women with stress incontinence and prolapse. Am J Obstet Gynecol 185 (2001) 11-19
12. DeLancey J.O., Kearney R., Chou Q., Speights S., and Binno S. The appearance of levator ani muscle abnormalities in magnetic resonance images after vaginal delivery. Obstet Gynecol 101 (2003) 46-53
13. Kearney R., Miller J.M., Ashton-Miller J.A., and DeLancey J.O. Obstetric factors associated with levator ani muscle injury after vaginal birth. Obstet Gynecol 107 (2006) 144-149
14. Hendrix S.L., Clark A., Nygaard I., Aragaki A., Barnabei V., and McTiernan A. Pelvic organ prolapse in the Women's Health Initiative: gravity and gravidity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 186 (2002) 1160-1166
15. Gold E.B., Sternfeld B., Kelsey J.L., et al. Relation of demographic and lifestyle factors to symptoms in a multi-racial/ethnic population of women 40-55 years of age. Am J Epidemiol 152 (2000) 463-473
16. Handa V.L., Pannu H.K., Siddique S., Gutman R., VanRooyen J., and Cundiff G. Architectural differences in the bony pelvis of women with and without pelvic floor disorders. Obstet Gynecol 102 (2003) 1283-1290