The relationships between challenging behaviours and psychiatric disorders in people with severe intellectual disabilities

Psychiatric and Behavioural Disorders in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 62-75

  Hemmings, Colin ^a  

^a GUY S HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 34548384647     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511543616.005     Document Type: Chapter

References (53)

1. Allen, E. A. (1989). Behavioural treatment of anxiety and related disorders in adults with mental handicaps: a review. Mental Handicap Research, 22, 47-60.
2. Bhaumik, S., Branford, D., McGrother, C. & Thorp, C. (1997). Autistic traits in adults with learning disabilities. British Journal of Psychiatry, 170, 502-6.
3. Bodfish, J. W., Crawford, T. W., Powell, S. B. et al. (1995). Compulsions in adults with mental retardation: prevalence, phenomenology, and comorbidity with stereotypy and self-injury. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 100, 183-92.
4. Clarke, D. J. & Gomez, G.A. (1999). Utility of modified DCR-10 criteria in the diagnosis of depression associated with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 43, 413-20.
5. Cooper, S.-A. & Bailey, N. M. (2001). Psychiatric disorders amongst adults with learning disabilities - prevalence and relationship to ability level. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine, 18, 45-53.
6. Cooper, S.-A., Melville, C. A. &Einfield, S. L. (2003). Psychiatric diagnosis, intellectual disabilities and Diagnostic Criteria for Psychiatric Disorders for Use with Adults with Learning Disabilities/Mental Retardation (DC-LD). Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 47 (Suppl. 1), 3-15.
7. Day, K. (1985). Psychiatric disorder in the middle aged and elderly mentally handicapped. British Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 660-7.
8. Deb, S., Thomas, M. & Bright, C. (2001). Mental disorder in adults with intellectual disability. 1: Prevalence of functional psychiatric illness among a community-based population aged between 16 and 64 years. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 45, 495-505.
9. Einfield, S. L. & Aman, M. (1995). Issues in the taxonomy of psychopathology in mental retardation. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 25, 143-67.
10. Einfield, S.L. & Tonge, B.J. (1999). Observations on the use of the ICD-10 guide for mental retardation. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 43, 408-12.
11. Emerson, E. (1995). Challenging Behaviour: Analysis and Intervention in People with Learning Difficulties. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
12. Emerson, E. & Bromley, J. (1995). The form and function of challenging behaviours. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 39, 388-98.
13. Fox, R. A. and Wade, E. J. (1998). Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among adults with severe and profound mental retardation. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 19, 275-80.
14. Fryers, T. & Russell, O. (2004). Applied epidemiology. In Seminars in the Psychiatry of Learning Disabilities, ed. Fraser, W. & Kerr, M. London: Gaskell, pp. 16-48.
15. Gardner, W. I. &Cole, C. L. (1990). Aggression and related difficulties. In Handbook of Behavior Modification with the Mentally Retarded, ed. Matson, J. L. New York, NY: Plenum, pp. 22551.
16. Gardner, W.I. & Griffiths, D. (1997). Influence of psychiatric disorders on non-specific behavioural symptoms: diagnostic and treatment issues. In Congress Proceedings: International Congress III on the Dually Diagnosed, Mental Health Aspects of Mental Retardation, ed. Fletcher, R. J. & Dosen, A. New York, NY: National Association for the Dually Diagnosed.
17. Gardner, W. I. & Sovner, R. (1994). Self-Injurious Behaviour, Diagnosis and Treatment: A MultiModal Functional Approach. Willow Street, PA: Vida Publishing.
18. Gostason, R. (1985). Psychiatric illness among the mentally retarded: a Swedish population study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 7 (Suppl. 318), 1-117.
19. Hemmings, C.P., Gravestock, S., Pickard, M. & Bouras, N. (2006). Psychiatric symptoms and problem behaviours in people with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disabiliy Research, 50, 269-76.
20. Holden, B. & Gitleson, J. P. (2003). Prevalence of psychiatric symptoms in adults with mental retardation and challenging behaviour. Research in Development Disabilities, 24, 323-32.
21. Iverson, J. C. & Fox, R. A. (1989). Prevalence of psychopathology among mentally retarded adults. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 10, 77-83.
22. Jacobsen, J. W. (1982). Problem behaviour and psychiatric impairment within a developmentally disabledpopulation: I. Behaviour frequency. Applied Research in Mental Retardation, 3, 121-39.
23. Jacobson, J. W. (1990). Do some mental disorders occur less frequently among persons with mental retardation? American Journal on Mental Retardation, 94, 596-602.
24. Janssen, C. G. C., Schuengel, C. & Stolk, J. (2002). Understanding challenging behaviour in people with severe and profound intellectual disability: a stress-attachment model. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 46, 445-53.
25. King, B. H., De Antonio, C., McCracken, J. T., Forness, S. R. & Ackerland, V. (1994). Psychiatric consultation in severe and profound mental retardation. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 1802-8.
26. Lowry, M. A. (1993). A clear link between problem behaviours and mood disorders. Habilitative Mental Healthcare Newsletter, 12, 105-10.
27. Lowry, M.A. (1997). Unmasking mood disorders: recognising and measuring symptomatic behaviours. Habilitative Mental Healthcare Newsletter, 16, 1-6.
28. Lowry, M. A. &Sovner, R. (1992). Severe behaviour problems associated with rapid cycling bipolar disorder in two adults with profound mental retardation. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 36, 269-81.
29. Lund, J. (1985). The prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in mentally retarded adults. Acta Pychiatrica Scandinavica, 72, 563-70.
30. Marston, G.W., Perry, D. W. & Roy, A. (1997). Manifestations of depression in people with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 41, 476-80.
31. Matson, J. L. (1995). The Diagnostic Assessment for the Severely Handicapped-II. Baton-Rouge, LA: Scientific-Publishers Inc.
32. Matson, J. L., Coe, D. A., Gardner, W. I. & Sovner, R. (1991). A factor analytic study of the Diagnostic Assessment for the Severely Handicapped Scale. Journal of Nervous and Mental disease, 179, 553-7.
33. Matson, J. L., Sniroldi, B. B., Hamilton, M. & Baglio, C. S. (1997). Do anxiety disorders exist in persons with severe and profound mental retardation? Research in Developmental Disabilities, 18, 39-44.
34. McBrien, J. A. (2003). Assessment and diagnosis of depression in people with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 47, 1-13.
35. McClintock, K., Hall, S. & Oliver, C. (2003). Risk markers associated with challenging behaviours in people with intellectual disabilities: a meta-analytic study. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 47, 405-16.
36. Meins, W. (1995). Symptoms of major depression in mentally retarded adults. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 39, 41-5.
37. Moss, S. C., Emerson, E., Kiernan, C. et al. (2000). Psychiatric symptoms in adults with learning disability and challenging behaviour. British Journal of Psychiatry, 177, 452-6.
38. Moss, S. Kiernan, C. & and Emerson, E. (1999). The relationship between challenging behaviours and psychiatric disorders in people with severe developmental disabilities. In Psychiatric and Behavioural Disorders in Developmental Disabilities and Mental Retardation, ed. Bouras, N. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp 40-4.
39. Moss, S. Patel, P., Prosser, H. etal. (1993). Psychiatric morbidity in older people with moderate and severe learning disability. I: Development and reliability of the patient interview (PAS-ADD). British Journal of Psychiatry, 163, 471-80.
40. Perry, D. W., Marston, G.M., Hinder, S. A. J., Munden, A. C. & Roy, A. (2001). The phenomenology of depressive illness in people with a learning disability and autism. Autism, 5, 265-75.
41. Reid, A. (1972). Psychoses in adult mental defectives: II. Schizophrenic and paranoid psychoses. British Journal of Psychiatry, 120, 213-18.
42. Reid, A. H. (1980). Psychiatric disorders in mentally handicapped children: a clinical and follow-up study. Journal of Mental Deficiency Research, 24, 287-98.
43. Reid, A. H. (1994). Psychiatry and learning disability. British Journal of Psychiatry, 164, 613-18.
44. Reiss, S. (1994). Psychopathology in mental retardation. In Mental Health in Mental Retardation: Recent Advances in Practice, ed. Bouras, N. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 67-78.
45. Reiss, S. & Rojahn, J. (1994). Joint occurrence of depression and aggression in children and adults with mental retardation. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 37, 287-94.
46. Rojahn, J. (1994). Epidemiology and topographic taxonomy of self-injurious behaviour. In Destructive Behaviour in Developmental Disabilities: Diagnosis and Treatment, ed. Thompson, T. & Gray, D. B. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications Inc., pp. 49-67.
47. Rojahn, J., Matson, J., Naglieri, J. A. & Mayville, E. (2004). Relationships between psychiatric conditions and behavior problems among adults with mental retardation. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 109, 21-33.
48. Ross, E. & Oliver, C. (2002). The relationship between levels of mood, interest and pleasure and ‘challenging behaviour’ in adults with severe and profound intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 46, 191-7.
49. Sovner, R., Fox, C.J., Lowry, M. J. & Lowry, M.A. (1993). Fluoxetine treatment of depression and associated injury in two adults with mental retardation. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 37, 301-11.
50. Sovner, R. & Hurley, A. D. (1999). Facts and fictions concerning mental illness in people with mental retardation and developmental disabilities. In Challenging Behavior of Persons with Mental Health Disorders and Severe Developmental Disabilities, ed. Weisler, N. A. & Hanson, R. H., Washington, DC: American Association on Mental Retardation, pp. 89-99.
51. Sovner, R. & Lowry, M. A. (1990). A behavioural methodology for diagnosing affective disorders in individuals with mental retardation. Habilitative Mental Healthcare Newsletter, 9, 55-61.
52. Sturmey, P. (1995). Diagnostic-based pharmacological treatment of behaviour disorders in persons with developmental disabilities: A review and decision-making typology. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 16, 235-52.
53. Tsiouris, J. A., Mann, R., Patti, P. J. & Sturmey, P. (2003). Challenging behaviours should not be considered as depressive equivalents in individuals with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 47, 14-21.