-
1
-
-
85163232551
-
-
For instance, in Europe the COST program 2003-2006 Sustainable Chemical Processes: Stereoselective Transition MetalCatalyzed Reaction, in the USA, the ACS-Green Chemistry Institute PRF programs, and since 2007, from the French Government, the ANR program Chemistry and Processes for Sustainable Development.
-
For instance, in Europe the COST program 2003-2006 "Sustainable Chemical Processes: Stereoselective Transition MetalCatalyzed Reaction", in the USA, the ACS-Green Chemistry Institute PRF programs, and since 2007, from the French Government, the ANR program "Chemistry and Processes for Sustainable Development".
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
33847220334
-
-
W. Chen, W. Du, L. Yue, R. Li, Y. Wu, L.-S. Ding, Y.-C. Chen, Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 816-821.
-
(2007)
Org. Biomol. Chem
, vol.5
, pp. 816-821
-
-
Chen, W.1
Du, W.2
Yue, L.3
Li, R.4
Wu, Y.5
Ding, L.-S.6
Chen, Y.-C.7
-
6
-
-
85163227240
-
-
The palladium cost was stated at 350 USD/Oz (9500 €/kg) on the New York market SE, 03/19/2007.
-
The palladium cost was stated at 350 USD/Oz (9500 €/kg) on the New York market SE, 03/19/2007.
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
85163225911
-
-
TON defined herein as the ratio [substrate on catalyst] multiplied by the yield of conversion in the desired product (i.e. 1 for a 100% yield), that corresponds to the value (mol product per mol catalyst).
-
TON defined herein as the ratio [substrate on catalyst] multiplied by the yield of conversion in the desired product (i.e. 1 for a 100% yield), that corresponds to the value (mol product per mol catalyst).
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
12444340794
-
-
this review provides an excellent overview of the challenges and advances related to the use of low loadings of catalyst
-
V. Farina, Adv. Synth. Catal. 2004, 346, 1553-1582, this review provides an excellent overview of the challenges and advances related to the use of low loadings of catalyst.
-
(2004)
Adv. Synth. Catal
, vol.346
, pp. 1553-1582
-
-
Farina, V.1
-
9
-
-
0034680642
-
-
A. Zapf, A. Ehrentraut, M. Beller, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2000, 39, 4153-4155.
-
(2000)
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed
, vol.39
, pp. 4153-4155
-
-
Zapf, A.1
Ehrentraut, A.2
Beller, M.3
-
10
-
-
3042654141
-
-
a) S. D. Walker, T. E. Barder, J. R. Martinelli, S. L. Buchwald, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2004, 43, 1871-1876;
-
(2004)
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed
, vol.43
, pp. 1871-1876
-
-
Walker, S.D.1
Barder, T.E.2
Martinelli, J.R.3
Buchwald, S.L.4
-
11
-
-
16844367937
-
-
b) T. E. Barder, S. D. Walker, J. R. Martinelli, S. L. Buchwald, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 4685-4696.
-
(2005)
J. Am. Chem. Soc
, vol.127
, pp. 4685-4696
-
-
Barder, T.E.1
Walker, S.D.2
Martinelli, J.R.3
Buchwald, S.L.4
-
12
-
-
3042708210
-
-
See for instance: a
-
See for instance: a) C. S. Consorti, G. Ebeling, F. R. Flores, F. Rominger, J. Dupont, Adv. Synth. Catal. 2004, 346, 617-624;
-
(2004)
Adv. Synth. Catal
, vol.346
, pp. 617-624
-
-
Consorti, C.S.1
Ebeling, G.2
Flores, F.R.3
Rominger, F.4
Dupont, J.5
-
13
-
-
0031467761
-
-
b) M. Ohff, A. Ohff, M. E. van der Boom, D. Milstein, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 11687-11688.
-
(1997)
J. Am. Chem. Soc
, vol.119
, pp. 11687-11688
-
-
Ohff, M.1
Ohff, A.2
van der Boom, M.E.3
Milstein, D.4
-
14
-
-
0043094529
-
-
See, for instance: a
-
See, for instance: a) D. A. Alonso, C. Nájera, M.-C. Pacheco, Org. Lett. 2000, 2, 1823-1826;
-
(2000)
Org. Lett
, vol.2
, pp. 1823-1826
-
-
Alonso, D.A.1
Nájera, C.2
Pacheco, M.-C.3
-
18
-
-
0000709581
-
-
See, for instance: a
-
See, for instance: a) J. A. Loch, M. Albrecht, E. Peris, J. Mata, J. W. Faller, R. H. Crabtree, Organometallics 2002, 21, 700-706;
-
(2002)
Organometallics
, vol.21
, pp. 700-706
-
-
Loch, J.A.1
Albrecht, M.2
Peris, E.3
Mata, J.4
Faller, J.W.5
Crabtree, R.H.6
-
20
-
-
0035831208
-
-
D. Laurenti, M. Feuerstein, G. Pepe, H. Doucet, M. Santelli, J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 1633-1637.
-
(2001)
J. Org. Chem
, vol.66
, pp. 1633-1637
-
-
Laurenti, D.1
Feuerstein, M.2
Pepe, G.3
Doucet, H.4
Santelli, M.5
-
21
-
-
33750236967
-
-
W. A. Herrmann, C. Brossmer, K. Öfele, C.-P. Reisenger, T. Priermeier, M. Beller, H. Fischer, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 1844-1848.
-
(1995)
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl
, vol.34
, pp. 1844-1848
-
-
Herrmann, W.A.1
Brossmer, C.2
Öfele, K.3
Reisenger, C.-P.4
Priermeier, T.5
Beller, M.6
Fischer, H.7
-
22
-
-
33748233333
-
-
M. Beller, H. Fischer, W. A. Herrmann, K. Öfele, C. Brossmer, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 1848-1849.
-
(1995)
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl
, vol.34
, pp. 1848-1849
-
-
Beller, M.1
Fischer, H.2
Herrmann, W.A.3
Öfele, K.4
Brossmer, C.5
-
23
-
-
0001926014
-
-
D. A. Albisson, R. B. Bedford, S. E. Lawrence, P. Noelle Scully, Chem. Commun. 1998, 2095-2096.
-
(1998)
Chem. Commun
, pp. 2095-2096
-
-
Albisson, D.A.1
Bedford, R.B.2
Lawrence, S.E.3
Noelle Scully, P.4
-
24
-
-
0032564547
-
-
D. A. Albisson, R. B. Bedford, P. Noelle Scully, Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39, 9793-9796.
-
(1998)
Tetrahedron Lett
, vol.39
, pp. 9793-9796
-
-
Albisson, D.A.1
Bedford, R.B.2
Noelle Scully, P.3
-
26
-
-
0032747809
-
-
J. P. Wolfe, R. A. Singer, B. H. Yang, S. L. Buchwald, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 9550-9561.
-
(1999)
J. Am. Chem. Soc
, vol.121
, pp. 9550-9561
-
-
Wolfe, J.P.1
Singer, R.A.2
Yang, B.H.3
Buchwald, S.L.4
-
27
-
-
14844330054
-
-
a) Q. Shen, S. Shekhar, J. P. Stambuli, J. F. Hartwig, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005, 44, 1371-1375;
-
(2005)
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed
, vol.44
, pp. 1371-1375
-
-
Shen, Q.1
Shekhar, S.2
Stambuli, J.P.3
Hartwig, J.F.4
-
28
-
-
33644515285
-
-
b) M. A. Fernández-Rodriguez, Q. Shen, J. F. Hartwig, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 2180-2181.
-
(2006)
J. Am. Chem. Soc
, vol.128
, pp. 2180-2181
-
-
Fernández-Rodriguez, M.A.1
Shen, Q.2
Hartwig, J.F.3
-
29
-
-
0000488020
-
-
T. Hayashi, M. Konishi, Y. Kobori, M. Kumada, T. Higuchi, K. Hirotsu, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 158-163.
-
(1984)
J. Am. Chem. Soc
, vol.106
, pp. 158-163
-
-
Hayashi, T.1
Konishi, M.2
Kobori, Y.3
Kumada, M.4
Higuchi, T.5
Hirotsu, K.6
-
30
-
-
13244268299
-
-
For general reviews on high-efficiency catalysts in C-C and C-N cross-coupling reactions, see: a
-
For general reviews on high-efficiency catalysts in C-C and C-N cross-coupling reactions, see: a) A. Zapf, M. Beller, Chem. Commun. 2005, 431-440;
-
(2005)
Chem. Commun
, pp. 431-440
-
-
Zapf, A.1
Beller, M.2
-
31
-
-
9744246801
-
-
b) R. B. Bedford, C. S. J. Cazin, D. Holder, Coord. Chem. Rev. 2004, 248, 2283-2321.
-
(2004)
Coord. Chem. Rev
, vol.248
, pp. 2283-2321
-
-
Bedford, R.B.1
Cazin, C.S.J.2
Holder, D.3
-
32
-
-
12344337689
-
-
Chem. Int. Ed, on monodentate bulky electron-rich phosphanes and carbenes for cross-coupling reactions
-
U. Christmann, R. Vilar, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005, 44, 366-374 on monodentate bulky electron-rich phosphanes and carbenes for cross-coupling reactions.
-
(2005)
Angew
, vol.44
, pp. 366-374
-
-
Christmann, U.1
Vilar, R.2
-
33
-
-
21944441002
-
-
a) J. Dupont, C. S. Consorti, J. Spencer, Chem. Rev. 2005, 105, 2527-2571;
-
(2005)
Chem. Rev
, vol.105
, pp. 2527-2571
-
-
Dupont, J.1
Consorti, C.S.2
Spencer, J.3
-
35
-
-
33645865241
-
-
on the nature of active species in Suzuki and Heck homogeneous catalysis
-
N. T. S. Phan, M. Van der Sluys, C. W. Jones, Adv. Synth. Catal. 2006, 348, 609-679 on the nature of active species in Suzuki and Heck homogeneous catalysis.
-
(2006)
Adv. Synth. Catal
, vol.348
, pp. 609-679
-
-
Phan, N.T.S.1
Van der Sluys, M.2
Jones, C.W.3
-
36
-
-
33846688751
-
-
on palladium homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts in Heck-Sonogashira alkynylations;
-
a) H. Doucet, J.-C. Hierso, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2007, 46, 834-871 on palladium homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts in Heck-Sonogashira alkynylations;
-
(2007)
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed
, vol.46
, pp. 834-871
-
-
Doucet, H.1
Hierso, J.-C.2
-
37
-
-
33947727055
-
-
for a review of the applications of the Sonogashira reaction
-
b) R. Chinchilla, C. Nájera, Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 874-922 for a review of the applications of the Sonogashira reaction.
-
(2007)
Chem. Rev
, vol.107
, pp. 874-922
-
-
Chinchilla, R.1
Nájera, C.2
-
38
-
-
85163234768
-
-
th December 2000.
-
th December 2000.
-
-
-
-
39
-
-
0035191997
-
-
a) M. Feuerstein, D. Laurenti, H. Doucet, M. Santelli, Synthesis 2001, 2320-2326;
-
(2001)
Synthesis
, pp. 2320-2326
-
-
Feuerstein, M.1
Laurenti, D.2
Doucet, H.3
Santelli, M.4
-
40
-
-
0035925194
-
-
b) M. Feuerstein, D. Laurenti, C. Bougeant, H. Doucet, M. Santelli, Chem. Commun. 2001, 325-326.
-
(2001)
Chem. Commun
, pp. 325-326
-
-
Feuerstein, M.1
Laurenti, D.2
Bougeant, C.3
Doucet, H.4
Santelli, M.5
-
41
-
-
0035943307
-
-
M. Feuerstein, H. Doucet, M. Santelli, J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 5923-5925.
-
(2001)
J. Org. Chem
, vol.66
, pp. 5923-5925
-
-
Feuerstein, M.1
Doucet, H.2
Santelli, M.3
-
42
-
-
0042307437
-
-
M. Feuerstein, F. Berthiol, H. Doucet, M. Santelli, Org. Biomol. Chem. 2003, 1, 2235-2237.
-
(2003)
Org. Biomol. Chem
, vol.1
, pp. 2235-2237
-
-
Feuerstein, M.1
Berthiol, F.2
Doucet, H.3
Santelli, M.4
-
43
-
-
0141856236
-
-
a) A. H. M. de Vries, J. M. C. A. Mulders, J. H. M. Mommers, H. J. W. Henderickx, J. G. de Vries, Org. Lett. 2003, 5, 3285-3288;
-
(2003)
Org. Lett
, vol.5
, pp. 3285-3288
-
-
de Vries, A.H.M.1
Mulders, J.M.C.A.2
Mommers, J.H.M.3
Henderickx, H.J.W.4
de Vries, J.G.5
-
44
-
-
12344337312
-
-
b) A. Alimardanov, L. Schmieder, A. H. M. de Vries, J. G. de Vries, Adv. Synth. Catal. 2004, 346, 1812-1817.
-
(2004)
Adv. Synth. Catal
, vol.346
, pp. 1812-1817
-
-
Alimardanov, A.1
Schmieder, L.2
de Vries, A.H.M.3
de Vries, J.G.4
-
45
-
-
85163235735
-
-
First, the dilution factor 30 C (or 30 CH) commonly employed in medical homeopathy corresponds to a 10-60 dilution of the active substance. In addition, in the Heck reaction and C-C or C-N cross-couplings the highest catalyst dilutions reach 10-6 to 10-7 mol, cat. and were carried out with the assistance of phosphane ligands see for instance refs.[4,20] and references cited therein, Therefore, the expression homeopathic palladium has the advantage to strike the mind, but in our opinion should be avoided for catalyst loadings only down to 10-1 to 10-2 mol, low catalyst loadings being more acceptable; ultra-low loading catalysts should be reserved for loadings below 10-4 mol, corresponding to maximum TONs of 1000000
-
-4 mol-% (corresponding to maximum TONs of 1000000).
-
-
-
-
46
-
-
0035803716
-
-
R. Broussier, E. Bentabet, R. Amardeil, P. Richard, P. Meunier, P. Kalck, B. Gautheron, J. Organomet. Chem. 2001, 637-639, 126-133.
-
(2001)
J. Organomet. Chem
, vol.637-639
, pp. 126-133
-
-
Broussier, R.1
Bentabet, E.2
Amardeil, R.3
Richard, P.4
Meunier, P.5
Kalck, P.6
Gautheron, B.7
-
48
-
-
0344121283
-
-
J.-C. Hierso, A. Fihri, R. Amardeil, P. Meunier, H. Doucet, M. Santelli, B. Donnadieu, Organometallics 2003, 22, 4490-4499.
-
(2003)
Organometallics
, vol.22
, pp. 4490-4499
-
-
Hierso, J.-C.1
Fihri, A.2
Amardeil, R.3
Meunier, P.4
Doucet, H.5
Santelli, M.6
Donnadieu, B.7
-
49
-
-
4444304979
-
-
J.-C. Hierso, A. Fihri, V. V. Ivanov, B. Hanquet, N. Pirio, B. Donnadieu, B. Rebière, R. Amardeil, P. Meunier, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 11077-11087.
-
(2004)
J. Am. Chem. Soc
, vol.126
, pp. 11077-11087
-
-
Hierso, J.-C.1
Fihri, A.2
Ivanov, V.V.3
Hanquet, B.4
Pirio, N.5
Donnadieu, B.6
Rebière, B.7
Amardeil, R.8
Meunier, P.9
-
50
-
-
85163225420
-
-
4·18] complexes isolated, the signals for nonbonded phosphorus atoms are found around -25 ppm, and around 40 ppm for Pd-bonded ones.
-
4·18] complexes isolated, the signals for nonbonded phosphorus atoms are found around -25 ppm, and around 40 ppm for Pd-bonded ones.
-
-
-
-
51
-
-
0034660639
-
-
See, and references cited therein
-
See A. Zapf, M. Beller, Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 1830-1833 and references cited therein.
-
(2000)
Chem. Eur. J
, vol.6
, pp. 1830-1833
-
-
Zapf, A.1
Beller, M.2
-
52
-
-
24344438930
-
-
J.-C. Hierso, A. Fihri, R. Amardeil, P. Meunier, H. Doucet, M. Santelli, Tetrahedron 2005, 61, 9759-9766.
-
(2005)
Tetrahedron
, vol.61
, pp. 9759-9766
-
-
Hierso, J.-C.1
Fihri, A.2
Amardeil, R.3
Meunier, P.4
Doucet, H.5
Santelli, M.6
-
53
-
-
11844298389
-
-
J.-C. Hierso, V. V. Ivanov, R. Amardeil, P. Richard, P. Meunier, Chem. Lett. 2004, 33, 1296-1297.
-
(2004)
Chem. Lett
, vol.33
, pp. 1296-1297
-
-
Hierso, J.-C.1
Ivanov, V.V.2
Amardeil, R.3
Richard, P.4
Meunier, P.5
-
54
-
-
33644537962
-
-
V. V. Ivanov, J.-C. Hierso, R. Amardeil, P. Meunier, Organometallics 2006, 25, 989-995.
-
(2006)
Organometallics
, vol.25
, pp. 989-995
-
-
Ivanov, V.V.1
Hierso, J.-C.2
Amardeil, R.3
Meunier, P.4
-
55
-
-
6444231126
-
-
J.-C. Hierso, A. Fihri, R. Amardeil, P. Meunier, H. Doucet, M. Santelli, V. V. Ivanov, Org. Lett. 2004, 6, 3473-3476.
-
(2004)
Org. Lett
, vol.6
, pp. 3473-3476
-
-
Hierso, J.-C.1
Fihri, A.2
Amardeil, R.3
Meunier, P.4
Doucet, H.5
Santelli, M.6
Ivanov, V.V.7
-
56
-
-
22944465073
-
-
A. Fihri, J.-C. Hierso, A. Vion, D. H. Nguyen, M. Urrutigoïty, P. Kalck, R. Amardeil, P. Meunier, Adv. Synth. Catal. 2005, 347, 1198-1202.
-
(2005)
Adv. Synth. Catal
, vol.347
, pp. 1198-1202
-
-
Fihri, A.1
Hierso, J.-C.2
Vion, A.3
Nguyen, D.H.4
Urrutigoïty, M.5
Kalck, P.6
Amardeil, R.7
Meunier, P.8
-
57
-
-
33144475481
-
-
A. Fihri, J. Boudon, J.-C. Hierso, R. Amardeil, P. Meunier, P. Richard, Acta Crystallogr., Sect. E 2005, 61, 2267-2269.
-
(2005)
Acta Crystallogr., Sect. E
, vol.61
, pp. 2267-2269
-
-
Fihri, A.1
Boudon, J.2
Hierso, J.-C.3
Amardeil, R.4
Meunier, P.5
Richard, P.6
-
58
-
-
33751379432
-
-
D. H. Nguyen, M. Urrutigoïty, A. Fihri, J.-C. Hierso, P. Meunier, P. Kalck, Appl. Organomet. Chem. 2006, 20, 845-850.
-
(2006)
Appl. Organomet. Chem
, vol.20
, pp. 845-850
-
-
Nguyen, D.H.1
Urrutigoïty, M.2
Fihri, A.3
Hierso, J.-C.4
Meunier, P.5
Kalck, P.6
-
60
-
-
0037270392
-
-
For a review of multidentate ligands, see
-
For a review of multidentate ligands, see: J.-C. Hierso, R. Amardeil, E. Bentabet, R. Broussier, B. Gautheron, P. Meunier, P. Kalck, Coord. Chem. Rev. 2003, 236, 143-206.
-
(2003)
Coord. Chem. Rev
, vol.236
, pp. 143-206
-
-
Hierso, J.-C.1
Amardeil, R.2
Bentabet, E.3
Broussier, R.4
Gautheron, B.5
Meunier, P.6
Kalck, P.7
|