Sensitivity of cloud-resolving simulations of warm-season convection to cloud microphysics parameterizations

Monthly Weather Review

Volumn 135, Issue 8, 2007, Pages 2854-2868

  Liu, Changhai ^a   Moncrieff, Mitchell W ^a  

^a NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLOUDS; COMPUTER SIMULATION; LATENT HEAT; PARAMETERIZATION; RAIN; UNITED STATES; WEATHER FORECASTING;

BULK MICROPHYSICS PARAMETERIZATIONS; CLOUD MICROPHYSICS PARAMETERIZATIONS; GRID SPACING; WARM-SEASON CONVECTION;

PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY);

ATMOSPHERIC CONVECTION; CLOUD MICROPHYSICS; COMPUTER SIMULATION; PARAMETERIZATION; WEATHER FORECASTING;

EID: 34548257816     PISSN: 00270644     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/MWR3437.1     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Carbone, R. E., J. D. Tuttle, D. A. Ahijevych, and S. B. Trier, 2002: Inferences of predictability associated with warm season precipitation episodes. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 2033-2056.
2. Colle, B. A., and C. F. Mass, 2000: The 5-9 February 1996 flooding event over the Pacific Northwest: Sensitivity studies and evaluation of the MM5 precipitation forecasts. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 593-617.
3. Cotton, W. R., G. J. Tripoli, R. M. Rauber, and E. A. Mulvihill, 1986: Numerical simulation of the effects of varying ice crystal nucleation rates and aggregation processes on orographic snowfall. J. Appl. Meteor., 25, 1658-1680.
4. Davis, C. A., K. W. Manning, R. E. Carbone, S. B. Trier, and J. D. Tuttle, 2003: Coherence of warm-season continental rainfall in numerical weather prediction models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 2667-2679.
5. Done, J., C. A. Davis, and M. Weisman, 2004: The next generation of NWP: Explicit forecasts of convection using the weather research and forecasting (ATRF) model. Atmos. Sci. Lett., 5, 110-117.
6. Dudhia, J., 1989: Numerical study of convection observed during the winter monsoon experiment using a mesoscale two-dimensional model. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3077-3107.
7. Dudhia, J., 1996: A multi-layer soil temperature model for MM5. Preprints, Sixth PSU/NCAR Mesoscale Model Users' Workshop, Boulder, CO, NCAR, 49-50. [Available online at http://www.mmm.ucar.edu/ mm5/mm5v2/whatisnewinv2.html.]
8. Dudhia, J., D. Gill, K. Manning, W. Wang, and C. Bruyere, cited 2003: PSU/NCAR mesoscale modeling system tutorial class notes and user's guide: MM5 modeling system version 3. [Available online at http:// www.mmm.ucar.edu/mm5/documents/tutorial-v3-notes.html.]
9. Feingold, G., B. Stevens, W. R. Cotton, and R. L. Walkol, 1994: An explicit cloud microphysical/LES model designed to simulate the Twomey effect. Atmos. Res., 33, 207-233.
10. Ferrier, B. S., 1994: A double-moment multiple-phase four-class bulk ice scheme. Part I: Description. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 249-280.
11. Ferrier, B. S., W.-K. Tao, and J. Simpson, 1995: A double-moment multiple-phase four-class bulk ice scheme. Part II: Simulations of convective storms in different large-scale environments and comparisons with other bulk parameterizations. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 1001-1033.
12. Fovell, R. G., and Y. Ogura, 1988: Numerical simulation of a midlatitude squall line in two dimensions. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 3846-3879.
13. Fowle, M. A., and P. J. Roebber, 2003: Short-range (0-48 h) numerical prediction of convective occurrence, mode, and location. Wea. Forecasting, 18, 782-794.
14. Fritsch, J. M., and Coauthors, 1998: Quantitative precipitation forecasting: Report of the Eighth Prospectus Development Team, U.S. Weather Research Program. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 79, 285-299.
15. Gilmore, M. S., J. M. Straka, and E. N. Rasmussen, 2004a: Precipitation and evolution sensitivity in simulated deep convective storms: Comparisons between liquid-only and simple ice and liquid phase microphysics. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 1897-1916.
16. Gilmore, M. S., J. M. Straka, and E. N. Rasmussen, 2004b: Precipitation uncertainty due to variations in precipitation particle parameters within a simple microphysics scheme. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 2610-2627.
17. Grubisic, V., R. K. Vellore, and A. W. Huggins, 2005: Quantitative precipitation forecasting of wintertime storms in the Sierra Nevada: Sensitivity to the microphysical parameterization and horizontal resolution. Mon. Wea. Rev., 133, 2834-2859.
18. Hall, W. D., 1980: A detailed microphysical model within a two-dimensional dynamic framework: Model description and preliminary results. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 2486-2507.
19. Harrington, J. Y., T. Reisin, W. R. Cotton, and S. M. Kreidenweis, 1999: Cloud resolving simulations of Artic stratus. Part II: Transition-season clouds. Atmos. Res., 51, 45-75.
20. Hong, S.-Y., and H.-L. Pan, 1996: Nonlocal boundary layer vertical diffusion in a medium-range forecast model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 2322-2339.
21. Jiang, H., G. Feingold, W. R. Cotton, and P. G. Duynkerke, 2001: Large-eddy simulation of entrainment of cloud condensation nuclei into the arctic boundary layer: May 18, 1998 FIRE/SHEBA case study. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 15 113-15 122.
22. Kain, J. S., S. J. Weiss, J. J. Levit, M. E. Baldwin, and D. R. Bright, 2006: Examination of convection-allowing configurations of the WRF model for the prediction of severe convective weather: The SPC/NSSL spring program 2004. Wea. Forecasting, 21, 167-181.
23. Khvorostyanov, V. I., 1995: Mesoscale processes of cloud formation, cloud-radiation and their modeling with explicit microphysics. Atmos. Res., 39, 1-67.
24. Koenig, L. R., and F. W. Murray, 1976: Ice-bearing cumulus cloud evolution: Numerical simulation and general comparison against observations. J. Appl. Meteor., 15, 747-762.
25. Lin, Y.-L., R. D. Farley, and H. D. Orville, 1983: Bulk parameterization of the snow field in a cloud model. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 22, 1065-1092.
26. Liu, C.-H., M. W. Moncrieff, and E. J. Zipser, 1997: Dynamical influence of microphysics in tropical squall lines: A numerical study. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 2193-2210.
27. Liu, C.-H., M. W. Moncrieff, and W. W. Grabowski, 2001a: Hierarchical modeling of tropical convective systems using explicit and parameterized approaches. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 493-515.
28. Liu, C.-H., M. W. Moncrieff, and W. W. Grabowski, 2001b: Explicit and parameterized realizations of convective cloud systems in TOGA COARE. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 1689-1703.
29. Liu, C.-H., M. W. Moncrieff, J. D. Tuttle, and R. E. Carbone, 2006: Explicit and parameterized episodes of warm-season precipitation over the continental United States. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 23, 91-105.
30. McCumber, M., W.-K. Tao, J. Simpson, R. Penc, and S.-T. Soong, 1991: Comparison of ice-phase microphysical parameterization schemes using numerical simulations of tropical convection. J. Appl. Meteor., 30, 985-1004.
31. Meyers, M. P., R. L. Walko, J. Y. Harrington, and W. R. Cotton, 1997: New RAMS cloud microphysics parameterization. Part II: The two-moment scheme. Atmos. Res., 39, 3-39.
32. Moncrieff, M. W., and C.-H. Liu, 2003: Sequences of precipitation and organized convection: Dynamics and parameterization. Preprints, Symp. on Observing and Understanding the Variability of Water Vapor in Weather and Climate, Long Beach, CA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., CD-ROM, 3.7.
33. Moncrieff, M. W., and C.-H. Liu, 2006: Representing convective organization in prediction models by a hybrid strategy. J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 3404-3420.
34. Morrison, H., J. A. Curry, and V. I. Khvorostyanov, 2005: A new double-moment microphysics parameterization for application in cloud and climate models. Part I: Description. J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 1665-1677.
35. Nicholls, M. E., 1987: A comparison of the results of a two-dimensional numerical simulation of a tropical squall line with observations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 3055-3077.
36. Olson, D. A., N. W. Junker, and B. Korty, 1995: An evaluation of three decades of quantitative precipitation forecasting at the Meteorological Operations Division of the National Meteorological Center. Wea. Forecasting, 10, 498-511.
37. Petch, J. C., 2006: Sensitivity studies of developing convection in a cloud-resolving model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 132, 345-358.
38. Rasmussen, R. M., I. Gersedi, G. Thompson, K. Manning, and E. Karplus, 2002: Freezing drizzle formation in stably stratified layer clouds: The role of radiative cooling of cloud droplets, cloud condensation nuclei, and ice initiation. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 837-860.
39. Reisin, T., Z. Levin, and S. Tzvion, 1996: Rain production in convective clouds as simulated in an axisymmetric model with detailed microphysics. Part I: Description of the model. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 497-519.
40. Reisner, J., R. J. Rasmussen, and R. T. Bruintjes, 1998: Explicit forecasting of supercooled liquid water in winter storms using the MM5 Mesoscale Model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 124B, 1071-1107.
41. Rutledge, S. A., and P. V. Hobbs, 1984: The mesoscale and microscale structure and organization of clouds and precipitation in mid-latitude cyclones: Part XII: A diagnostic modeling study of precipitation development in narrow cold frontal rainbands. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 2949-2972.
42. Straka, J. M., and E. D. Mansell, 2005: A bulk microphysics parameterization with multiple ice precipitation categories. J. Appl. Meteor., 44, 445-466.
43. Tao, W.-K., and J. Simpson, 1989: Modeling study of a tropical squall-type convective line. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 177-202.
44. Tao, W.-K., and J. Simpson, 1993: The Goddard Cumulus Ensemble model. Part I: Model description. Terr. Atmos. Oceanic Sci., 4, 19-54.
45. Thompson, G., R. M. Rasmussen, and K. Manning, 2004: Explicit forecasts of winter precipitation using an improved bulk microphysics scheme. Part I: Description and sensitivity analysis. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 519-542.
46. Trier, S. B., C. A. Davis, D. A. Ahijevych, M. L. Weisman, and G. H. Bryan, 2006: Mechanisms supporting long-lived episodes of propagating nocturnal convection within a 7-day WRF model simulation. J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 2437-2461.
47. Walko, R. L., W. R. Cotton, M. P. Meyers, and J. Y. Harrington, 1995: New RAMS cloud microphysics parameterization. Part I: The single-moment scheme. Atmos. Res., 38, 29-62.
48. Yanai, M., S. Esbensen, and J.-H. Chu, 1973: Determination of bulk properties of tropical cloud clusters from large-scale heat and moisture budgets. J. Atmos. Sci., 30, 611-627.
49. Yin, Y., Z. Levin, T. Reisin, and S. Tzivion, 2000: Seeding convective clouds with hygroscopic flares: Numerical simulations using a cloud model with detailed microphysics. J. Appl. Meteor., 39, 1460-1472.