Self-calibration for the LOFAR radio astronomical array

IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing

Volumn 55, Issue 9, 2007, Pages 4497-4510

  van der Tol, Sebastian ^a   Jeffs, Brian D ^b   van der Veen, Alle Jan ^a  

^a DELFT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Netherlands)

^b Brigham Young University   (United States)

Author keywords

Array calibration; Cram r Rao bound (CRB); Radio astronomy

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHMS; CRAMER-RAO BOUNDS; NETHERLANDS; PARAMETER ESTIMATION; SYNTHETIC APERTURES;

ARRAY CALIBRATION; LOW-FREQUENCY RADIO ASTRONOMICAL ARRAY; SELF-CALIBRATION;

RADIO ASTRONOMY;

EID: 34548214236     PISSN: 1053587X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TSP.2007.896243     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. S. van der Tol, B. Jeffs, and A. J. van der Veen, "Calibration of a large distributed low frequency radio astronomical array (LOFAR)," in EUSIPCO, Antalya (T)., Sep. 2005, EURASIP.
2. B. Jeffs, S. van der Tol, and A. J. van der Veen, "Direction dependent self-calibration of large distributed sensor arrays," in Proc. IEEE ICASSP, Toulouse, France, May 2006, vol. IV, pp. 1069-1072,.
3. A. R. Thompson, J. M. Moran, and G. W. Swenson Jr., Interferometry and Synthesis in Radio Astronomy, 2nd ed. New York: Wiley-Interscience, 2001.
4. R. A. Perley, F. R. Schwab, and A. H. Bridle, Eds., Synthesis Imaging in Radio Astronomy, A collection of Lectures from the Third NRAO Synthesis Imaging Summer School. San Francisco, CA: Astronom. Soc. Pacific, 1989, vol. 6.
5. G. B. Taylor, C. L. Carilli, and R. A. Perley, Eds., Synthesis Imaging in Radio Astronomy II: A Collection of Lectures From the Sixth NRAO/NMIMT Synthesis Imaging Summer School. San Francisco, CA: Astronom. Soc. Pacific, 1999.
6. A. J. van der Veen, A. Leshem, and A. J. Boonstra, , P. J. Hall, Ed., "Array signal processing for radio astronomy," in The Square Kilometre Array: An Engineering Perspective. Dordrecht, Germany: Springer, 2005, pp. 231-249, ISBN 1-4020-3797-x. Reprinted from Experimental Astronomy, 17(1-3), 2004.
7. S. J. Wijnholds and A. J. Boonstra, "A multisource calibration method for phased array radio telescopes," in IEEE Wkshp. Sensor Array and Multichannel, Boston, MA, Jul. 2006, pp. 200-204,.
8. C. Lonsdale, Calibration Approaches MIT Haystack, Tech. Rep. MIT Low Frequency Program, Memo #015, Aug. 2003 [Online]. Available: http:// www.haystack.mit.edu/ast/arrays/mwa/LFD/documents.html
9. A.-J. Boonstra and A.-J. van der Veen, "Gain calibration methods for radio telescope arrays," IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 25-38, Jan. 2003.
10. J. E. Noordam, "LOFAR calibration challenges," in Proc. SPIE, Oct. 2004, vol. 5489, pp. 817-825.
11. T. J. Cornwell and P. N. Wilkinson, "A new method for making maps with unstable radio interferometers," Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., vol. 196, pp. 1067-1086, 1981.
12. J. E. Noordam and A. G. de Bruyn, "High dynamic range mapping of radio sources, with application to 3C84," Nature, vol. 299, pp. 597-600, 1982.
13. T. J. Pearson and A. C. S. Readhead, "Image formation by self-calibration in radio astronomy," Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. vol. 22, pp. 97-130, 1984.
14. M. H. Wieringa, "An investigation of the telescope based calibration methods 'redundancy' and 'self-cal'," Experiment. Astron., vol. 2, pp. 203-225, 1992.
15. J. A. Högbom, "Aperture synthesis with a nonregular distribution of interferometer baselines," Astron. Astrophys. Suppl., vol. 15, pp. 417-426, 1974.
16. U. J. Schwarz, "Mathematical-statistical description of the iterative beam removing technique (method CLEAN)," Astron. Astrophys., vol. 65, pp. 345-356, 1978.
17. J. E. Noordam, "Generalized self-calibration forLOFAR," in URSI General Assembly, Maastricht, The Netherlands, Aug. 2002 [Online]. Available: http://www.ursi.org/Proceedings/ProcGA02/papers/ 1087.pdf
18. B. Friedlander and A. J. Weiss, "Direction finding in the presence of mutual coupling," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 39, pp. 273-284, Mar. 1991.
19. B. C. Ng and C. M. S. See, "Sensor-array calibration using a maximum-likelihood approach," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 44, pp. 827-835, June 1996.
20. A. Flieller, A. Ferreol, P. Larzabal, and H. Clergeot, "Robust bearing estimation in the presence of direction-dependent modelling errors: Identifiability and treatment," IEEE ICASSP, pp. 1884-1887, Apr. 1995.
21. G. C. Brown, J. H. McClellan, and E. J. Holder, "A homotopy continuation approach for self-calibration of arrays with general phase perturbations," in IEEE Sixth SP Wkshp. Stat. Signal Array Process. Oct. 1992, pp. 263-266.
22. A. J. Weiss and B. Friedlander, "Array processing using joint diagonalization," Signal Process., vol. 50, pp. 205-222, May 1996.
23. D. R. Fuhrmann, "Estimation of sensor gain and phase," IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 42, pp. 77-87, Jan. 1994.
24. M. Pesavento, A. B. Gershman, and K. M. Wong, "Direction finding in partly calibrated sensor arrays composed of multiple subarrays," in IEEE Trans. Signal Process., Sept. 2002, vol. 50, pp. 2103-2115.
25. C.M.S. See and A. B. Gershman, "Direction-of-arrival estimation in partly calibrated subarray-based sensor arrays," in IEEE Trans. Signal Process., Feb. 2004, vol. 52, pp. 329-338.
26. J. P. Hamaker, J. D. Bregman, and R. J. Sault, "Understanding radio polarimetry. I. Mathematical foundations.," Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser., vol. 117, pp. 137-147, May 1996.
27. J. E. Noordam, The measurement equation of a generic radio telescope, AIPS++ implementation note nr 185 Tech. rep., ASTRON, 1996.
28. S. M. Kay, Fundamentals of Statistical Signal Processing: Estimation Theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1993.
29. S. J.Wijnholds, J. D. Bregman, and A. J. Boonstra, "Sky noise limited snapshot imaging in the presence of RFI with LOFAR's initial test station," Exper. Astron., vol. 17, pp. 35-42, Jun. 2004.
30. A. S. Bennett, "The revised 3C catalog of radio sources," Memoires Royal Astron. Soc., vol. 68, pp. 163-172, 1962.