메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 23, Issue 7, 2007, Pages 414-428

Iodine and thyroid hormones during pregnancy and postpartum

Author keywords

Brain development; Fetal growth; Fetal health; Iodine; Iodine deficit; Pregnancy; Thyroid hormones; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine

Indexed keywords

BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN; DIOXIN; IODINE; LIOTHYRONINE; NITRATE; PERCHLORATE; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL; SODIUM IODIDE SYMPORTER; THIOCYANATE; THYROGLOBULIN; THYROID HORMONE; THYROID HORMONE RECEPTOR; THYROTROPIN; THYROXINE; THYROXINE DEIODINASE;

EID: 34548134456     PISSN: 09513590     EISSN: 14730766     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09513590701464092     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (40)

References (116)
  • 1
    • 0019838549 scopus 로고
    • Risks and benefits of nutritional supplements during pregnancy
    • Moghissi KS. Risks and benefits of nutritional supplements during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1981;58(Suppl):68S-78S.
    • (1981) Obstet Gynecol , vol.58 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Moghissi, K.S.1
  • 2
    • 0001862628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The iodine factor in health and evolution
    • Dobson JE. The iodine factor in health and evolution. Geographical Rev 1998;88:1-14.
    • (1998) Geographical Rev , vol.88 , pp. 1-14
    • Dobson, J.E.1
  • 3
    • 26444460754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are genes of human intelligence related to the metabolism of thyroid and steroids hormones? - endocrine changes may explain human evolution and higher intelligence
    • Correia HR, Balseiro SC, de Areia ML. Are genes of human intelligence related to the metabolism of thyroid and steroids hormones? - endocrine changes may explain human evolution and higher intelligence. Med Hypotheses 2005;65:1016-1023.
    • (2005) Med Hypotheses , vol.65 , pp. 1016-1023
    • Correia, H.R.1    Balseiro, S.C.2    de Areia, M.L.3
  • 6
    • 34548117220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United Nations. World declaration on the survival, protection and development of children and a plan of action for implementing the development of children in the 1990s. New York: United Nations, 1990.
    • United Nations. World declaration on the survival, protection and development of children and a plan of action for implementing the development of children in the 1990s. New York: United Nations, 1990.
  • 8
    • 10044291722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selecting iodine-enriched vegetables and the residual effect of iodate application to soil
    • Dai JL, Zhu YG, Zhang M, Huang YZ. Selecting iodine-enriched vegetables and the residual effect of iodate application to soil. Biol Trace Elem Res 2004;101: 265-276.
    • (2004) Biol Trace Elem Res , vol.101 , pp. 265-276
    • Dai, J.L.1    Zhu, Y.G.2    Zhang, M.3    Huang, Y.Z.4
  • 9
    • 33746283468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perchlorate versus other environmental sodium/iodide symporter inhibitors: Potential thyroid-related health effects
    • De Groef B, Decallonne BR, Van der Geyten S, Darras VM, Bouillon R. Perchlorate versus other environmental sodium/iodide symporter inhibitors: potential thyroid-related health effects. Eur J Endocrinol 2006;155:17-25.
    • (2006) Eur J Endocrinol , vol.155 , pp. 17-25
    • De Groef, B.1    Decallonne, B.R.2    Van der Geyten, S.3    Darras, V.M.4    Bouillon, R.5
  • 11
    • 0034892914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma membrane transport of thyroid hormones and its role in thyroid hormone metabolism and bioavailability
    • Hennemann G, Docter R, Friesema ECH, de Jong M, Krenning EP, Visser TJ. Plasma membrane transport of thyroid hormones and its role in thyroid hormone metabolism and bioavailability. Endocr Rev 2001;22:451-476.
    • (2001) Endocr Rev , vol.22 , pp. 451-476
    • Hennemann, G.1    Docter, R.2    Friesema, E.C.H.3    de Jong, M.4    Krenning, E.P.5    Visser, T.J.6
  • 14
    • 0347634343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel syndrome combining thyroid and neurological abnormalities is associated with mutations in a monocarboxylate transporter gene
    • Dumitrescu AM, Liao XH, Best TB, Brockmann K, Refetoff S. A novel syndrome combining thyroid and neurological abnormalities is associated with mutations in a monocarboxylate transporter gene. Am J Hum Genet 2004;74:168-175.
    • (2004) Am J Hum Genet , vol.74 , pp. 168-175
    • Dumitrescu, A.M.1    Liao, X.H.2    Best, T.B.3    Brockmann, K.4    Refetoff, S.5
  • 19
    • 1642349324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal thiocyanate and thyroid status during breast-feeding
    • Dorea JG. Maternal thiocyanate and thyroid status during breast-feeding. J Am Coll Nutr 2004;23:97-101.
    • (2004) J Am Coll Nutr , vol.23 , pp. 97-101
    • Dorea, J.G.1
  • 20
    • 0842291497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iodine nutrition in breast-fed infants is impaired by maternal smoking
    • Laurberg P, Nohr S, Pedersen K, Fuglsang E. Iodine nutrition in breast-fed infants is impaired by maternal smoking. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:181-187.
    • (2004) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.89 , pp. 181-187
    • Laurberg, P.1    Nohr, S.2    Pedersen, K.3    Fuglsang, E.4
  • 22
    • 28444450213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dioxin-like activity and maternal thyroid hormone levels in second trimester maternal serum
    • Foster WG, Holloway AC, Hughes CL Jr. Dioxin-like activity and maternal thyroid hormone levels in second trimester maternal serum. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2005;193:1900-1907.
    • (2005) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.193 , pp. 1900-1907
    • Foster, W.G.1    Holloway, A.C.2    Hughes Jr, C.L.3
  • 23
    • 27744490130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In utero exposure to dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls and its relations to thyroid function and growth hormone in newborns
    • Wang SL, Su PH, Jong SB, Guo YL, Chou WL, Papke O. In utero exposure to dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls and its relations to thyroid function and growth hormone in newborns. Environ Sci Technol 2005;113:1645-1650.
    • (2005) Environ Sci Technol , vol.113 , pp. 1645-1650
    • Wang, S.L.1    Su, P.H.2    Jong, S.B.3    Guo, Y.L.4    Chou, W.L.5    Papke, O.6
  • 24
    • 23844557127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid hormones in pregnancy in relation to environmental exposure to organochlorine compounds and mercury
    • Takser L, Mergler D, Baldwin M, de Grosbois S, Smargiassi A, Lafond J. Thyroid hormones in pregnancy in relation to environmental exposure to organochlorine compounds and mercury. Environ Sci Technol 2005;113:1039-1045.
    • (2005) Environ Sci Technol , vol.113 , pp. 1039-1045
    • Takser, L.1    Mergler, D.2    Baldwin, M.3    de Grosbois, S.4    Smargiassi, A.5    Lafond, J.6
  • 25
    • 1942440966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative analytical evaluation of thyroid hormone levels in pregnancy and in women taking oral contraceptives: A study from an iodine deficient area
    • Toldy E, Locsei Z, Rigo E, Kneffel P, Szabolcs I, Kovacs GL. Comparative analytical evaluation of thyroid hormone levels in pregnancy and in women taking oral contraceptives: a study from an iodine deficient area. Gynecol Endocrinol 2004;18:219-226.
    • (2004) Gynecol Endocrinol , vol.18 , pp. 219-226
    • Toldy, E.1    Locsei, Z.2    Rigo, E.3    Kneffel, P.4    Szabolcs, I.5    Kovacs, G.L.6
  • 26
    • 0034964207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological and molecular basis of thyroid hormone action
    • Yen PM. Physiological and molecular basis of thyroid hormone action. Physiol Rev 2001;81:1097-1142.
    • (2001) Physiol Rev , vol.81 , pp. 1097-1142
    • Yen, P.M.1
  • 27
    • 1842326880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological activities of thyroid hormone receptors
    • Muñoz A, Bernal J. Biological activities of thyroid hormone receptors. Eur J Endocrinol 1997;137:433-445.
    • (1997) Eur J Endocrinol , vol.137 , pp. 433-445
    • Muñoz, A.1    Bernal, J.2
  • 28
    • 33845270781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic variation in thyroid hormone pathway genes; polymorphisms in the TSH receptor and the iodothyronine deiodinases
    • Peeters RP, van der Deure WM, Visser J. Genetic variation in thyroid hormone pathway genes; polymorphisms in the TSH receptor and the iodothyronine deiodinases. Eur J Endocrinol 2006;155:655-662.
    • (2006) Eur J Endocrinol , vol.155 , pp. 655-662
    • Peeters, R.P.1    van der Deure, W.M.2    Visser, J.3
  • 29
    • 1642323634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Major genetic influence on the regulation of the pituitary-thyroid axis: A study of healthy Danish twins
    • Hansen PS, Brix TH, Sorensen TI, Kyvik KO, Hegedus L. Major genetic influence on the regulation of the pituitary-thyroid axis: a study of healthy Danish twins. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:1181-1187.
    • (2004) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.89 , pp. 1181-1187
    • Hansen, P.S.1    Brix, T.H.2    Sorensen, T.I.3    Kyvik, K.O.4    Hegedus, L.5
  • 31
    • 23044509478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small differences in thyroid function may be important for body mass index and the occurrence of obesity in the population
    • Knudsen N, Laurberg P, Rasmussen LB, Bulow I, Perrild H, Ovesen L, Jorgensen T. Small differences in thyroid function may be important for body mass index and the occurrence of obesity in the population. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:4019-4024.
    • (2005) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.90 , pp. 4019-4024
    • Knudsen, N.1    Laurberg, P.2    Rasmussen, L.B.3    Bulow, I.4    Perrild, H.5    Ovesen, L.6    Jorgensen, T.7
  • 34
    • 0034096170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased prevalence of thyroid antibodies in euthyroid women with a history of recurrent in-vitro fertilization failure
    • Bussen S, Steck T, Dietl J. Increased prevalence of thyroid antibodies in euthyroid women with a history of recurrent in-vitro fertilization failure. Hum Reprod 2000;15:545-554.
    • (2000) Hum Reprod , vol.15 , pp. 545-554
    • Bussen, S.1    Steck, T.2    Dietl, J.3
  • 35
    • 0032145336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human chorionic gonadotropin, thyroid function, and immunological indices in threatened abortion
    • la Marca A, Morgante G, De Leo V. Human chorionic gonadotropin, thyroid function, and immunological indices in threatened abortion. Obstet Gynecol 1998;92:206-211.
    • (1998) Obstet Gynecol , vol.92 , pp. 206-211
    • la Marca, A.1    Morgante, G.2    De Leo, V.3
  • 36
    • 4243573750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paracrine and autocrine regulators of trophoblast invasion - a review
    • Bischof P, Meisser A, Campana A. Paracrine and autocrine regulators of trophoblast invasion - a review. Placenta 2000;21(Suppl A):S55-S60.
    • (2000) Placenta , vol.21 , Issue.SUPPL. A
    • Bischof, P.1    Meisser, A.2    Campana, A.3
  • 37
    • 0034106878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lateral placental growth occurs by trophoblast cell invasion of decidual veins
    • Craven CM, Zhao L, Ward K. Lateral placental growth occurs by trophoblast cell invasion of decidual veins. Placenta 2000;21:160-169.
    • (2000) Placenta , vol.21 , pp. 160-169
    • Craven, C.M.1    Zhao, L.2    Ward, K.3
  • 38
    • 0027415966 scopus 로고
    • Human early placental trophoblasts produce an epidermal growth factor-like substance in synergy with thyroid hormone
    • Matsuo H, Maruo T, Murata K, Mochizuki M. Human early placental trophoblasts produce an epidermal growth factor-like substance in synergy with thyroid hormone. Acta Endocrinol 1993;128:225-229.
    • (1993) Acta Endocrinol , vol.128 , pp. 225-229
    • Matsuo, H.1    Maruo, T.2    Murata, K.3    Mochizuki, M.4
  • 39
    • 28744447560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis of thyroid hormone binding proteins transthyretin and albumin by human trophoblast
    • McKinnon B, Li H, Richard K, Mortimer R. Synthesis of thyroid hormone binding proteins transthyretin and albumin by human trophoblast. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:6714-6720.
    • (2005) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.90 , pp. 6714-6720
    • McKinnon, B.1    Li, H.2    Richard, K.3    Mortimer, R.4
  • 40
    • 0031758090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulating thyroid hormone concentrations and placental thyroid hormone receptor expression in normal human pregnancy and pregnancy complicated by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)
    • Kilby MD, Verhaeg J, Gittoes N, Somerset DA, Clark PM, Franklyn JA. Circulating thyroid hormone concentrations and placental thyroid hormone receptor expression in normal human pregnancy and pregnancy complicated by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998;83:2964-2971.
    • (1998) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.83 , pp. 2964-2971
    • Kilby, M.D.1    Verhaeg, J.2    Gittoes, N.3    Somerset, D.A.4    Clark, P.M.5    Franklyn, J.A.6
  • 41
    • 33745282431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monocarboxylate transporter 8 expression in the human placenta: The effects of severe intrauterine growth restriction
    • Chan S-Y, Franklyn JA, Pemberton HN, Bulmer JN, Visser TJ, McCabe CJ, Kilby MD. Monocarboxylate transporter 8 expression in the human placenta: the effects of severe intrauterine growth restriction. J Endocrinol 2006;189:465-471.
    • (2006) J Endocrinol , vol.189 , pp. 465-471
    • Chan, S.-Y.1    Franklyn, J.A.2    Pemberton, H.N.3    Bulmer, J.N.4    Visser, T.J.5    McCabe, C.J.6    Kilby, M.D.7
  • 45
    • 0021275823 scopus 로고
    • PRL, TSH, β-hCG and oestriol responses to repetitive (triple) LRH/TRH administration in the third trimester of human pregnancy
    • Pérez-López FR, Robert J, Teijeiro J. PRL, TSH, β-hCG and oestriol responses to repetitive (triple) LRH/TRH administration in the third trimester of human pregnancy. Acta Endocrinol 1984;106:400-404.
    • (1984) Acta Endocrinol , vol.106 , pp. 400-404
    • Pérez-López, F.R.1    Robert, J.2    Teijeiro, J.3
  • 46
    • 0021129823 scopus 로고
    • Circadian oscillations of thyrotrophin, prolactin, cortisol, placental lactogen and estriol in late human pregnancy
    • Pérez-López FR, Aisa F, Urcia M, Martínez-Casamayor MF, Farjas MP. Circadian oscillations of thyrotrophin, prolactin, cortisol, placental lactogen and estriol in late human pregnancy. Neuroendocrinol Lett 1984;6:231-241.
    • (1984) Neuroendocrinol Lett , vol.6 , pp. 231-241
    • Pérez-López, F.R.1    Aisa, F.2    Urcia, M.3    Martínez-Casamayor, M.F.4    Farjas, M.P.5
  • 48
    • 0027744503 scopus 로고
    • Serum levels of intact human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and its free α and β subunits, in relation to maternal thyroid stimulation during normal pregnancy
    • Glinoer D, De Nayer P, Robyn C, Lejeune B, Kinthaert J, Meuris S. Serum levels of intact human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and its free α and β subunits, in relation to maternal thyroid stimulation during normal pregnancy. J Endocrinol Invest 1993;16:881-888.
    • (1993) J Endocrinol Invest , vol.16 , pp. 881-888
    • Glinoer, D.1    De Nayer, P.2    Robyn, C.3    Lejeune, B.4    Kinthaert, J.5    Meuris, S.6
  • 50
    • 0030947645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The regulation of thyroid function in pregnancy: Pathways of endocrine adaptation from physiology to pathology
    • Glinoer D. The regulation of thyroid function in pregnancy: pathways of endocrine adaptation from physiology to pathology. Endocr Rev 1997;18:404-433.
    • (1997) Endocr Rev , vol.18 , pp. 404-433
    • Glinoer, D.1
  • 51
    • 0023619315 scopus 로고
    • Reduced clearance rate of thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) with increased sialylation: A mechanism for estrogen-induced elevation of serum TBG concentration
    • Ain KB, Mori Y, Refetoff S. Reduced clearance rate of thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) with increased sialylation: a mechanism for estrogen-induced elevation of serum TBG concentration. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1987;65:689-696.
    • (1987) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.65 , pp. 689-696
    • Ain, K.B.1    Mori, Y.2    Refetoff, S.3
  • 52
    • 0025966928 scopus 로고
    • Thyroid function evaluation by different commercially available free thyroid hormone measurement kits in term pregnant women and their newborns
    • Roti E, Gardini E, Minelli R, Bianconi L, Flisi M. Thyroid function evaluation by different commercially available free thyroid hormone measurement kits in term pregnant women and their newborns. J Endocrinol Invest 1991;14:1-9.
    • (1991) J Endocrinol Invest , vol.14 , pp. 1-9
    • Roti, E.1    Gardini, E.2    Minelli, R.3    Bianconi, L.4    Flisi, M.5
  • 53
    • 0024454448 scopus 로고
    • Low-normal concentrations of free thyroxin in serum in late pregnancy: Physiological fact, not detected artifact
    • Ball R, Freedman DB, Holmes JC, Midgley JEM, Sheehan CP. Low-normal concentrations of free thyroxin in serum in late pregnancy: physiological fact, not detected artifact. Clin Chem 1989;35:1891-1896.
    • (1989) Clin Chem , vol.35 , pp. 1891-1896
    • Ball, R.1    Freedman, D.B.2    Holmes, J.C.3    Midgley, J.E.M.4    Sheehan, C.P.5
  • 54
    • 0027414794 scopus 로고
    • Thyroid function and hyperfunction during gestation
    • Burrow GN. Thyroid function and hyperfunction during gestation. Endocr Rev 1993;14:194-202.
    • (1993) Endocr Rev , vol.14 , pp. 194-202
    • Burrow, G.N.1
  • 56
    • 0030956559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperthyroidism due to inappropriate production of human chorionic gonadotropin
    • Goodwin TM, Hershman JM. Hyperthyroidism due to inappropriate production of human chorionic gonadotropin. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1997;40:32-44.
    • (1997) Clin Obstet Gynecol , vol.40 , pp. 32-44
    • Goodwin, T.M.1    Hershman, J.M.2
  • 57
    • 0025866264 scopus 로고
    • The role of hCG in regulation of the thyroid gland in normal and abnormal pregnancy
    • Kennedy RL, Darne J. The role of hCG in regulation of the thyroid gland in normal and abnormal pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1991;78:298-307.
    • (1991) Obstet Gynecol , vol.78 , pp. 298-307
    • Kennedy, R.L.1    Darne, J.2
  • 58
    • 0033584418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal hypothyroidism and fetal development
    • Utiger RD. Maternal hypothyroidism and fetal development. N Engl J Med 1999;341:601-602.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.341 , pp. 601-602
    • Utiger, R.D.1
  • 59
    • 0030919930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does human chorionic gonadotropin have human thyrotropic activity in vivo?
    • Foulk RA, Musci TJ, Schriock ED, Taylor RN. Does human chorionic gonadotropin have human thyrotropic activity in vivo? Gynecol Endocrinol 1997;11:195-201.
    • (1997) Gynecol Endocrinol , vol.11 , pp. 195-201
    • Foulk, R.A.1    Musci, T.J.2    Schriock, E.D.3    Taylor, R.N.4
  • 60
    • 0034105704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in iodine metabolism during late pregnancy and lactation: A longitudinal study among Sudanese women
    • Eltom A, Eltom M, Elnagar B, Elbagir M, Gebre-Medhin M. Changes in iodine metabolism during late pregnancy and lactation: a longitudinal study among Sudanese women. Eur J Clin Nutr 2000;54:429-433.
    • (2000) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.54 , pp. 429-433
    • Eltom, A.1    Eltom, M.2    Elnagar, B.3    Elbagir, M.4    Gebre-Medhin, M.5
  • 61
    • 0034793272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid function in the newborn in relation to maternal thyroid status during labour in a mild iodine deficiency endemic area in Sudan
    • Eltom A, Eltom M, Idris M, Gebre-Medhin M. Thyroid function in the newborn in relation to maternal thyroid status during labour in a mild iodine deficiency endemic area in Sudan. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2001;55:485-490.
    • (2001) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) , vol.55 , pp. 485-490
    • Eltom, A.1    Eltom, M.2    Idris, M.3    Gebre-Medhin, M.4
  • 63
    • 0024413234 scopus 로고
    • Maternal-fetal transfer of thyroxine in congenital hypothyroidism due to a total organification defect or thyroid agenesis
    • Vulsma T, Gons MH, de Vijlder JJ. Maternal-fetal transfer of thyroxine in congenital hypothyroidism due to a total organification defect or thyroid agenesis. N Engl J Med 1989;321:13-16.
    • (1989) N Engl J Med , vol.321 , pp. 13-16
    • Vulsma, T.1    Gons, M.H.2    de Vijlder, J.J.3
  • 66
    • 17744372858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opposite variations in maternal and neonatal thyroid function induced by iodine supplementation during pregnancy
    • Nohr SB, Laurber P. Opposite variations in maternal and neonatal thyroid function induced by iodine supplementation during pregnancy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000;85:623-627.
    • (2000) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.85 , pp. 623-627
    • Nohr, S.B.1    Laurber, P.2
  • 68
    • 4043174347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visser TJ; with collaboration from the Scottish Preterm Thyroid Group. Human fetal and cord serum thyroid hormones: Developmental trends and interrelationships
    • Hume R, Simpson J, Delahunty C, van Toor H, Wu SY, Williams FLR, Visser TJ; with collaboration from the Scottish Preterm Thyroid Group. Human fetal and cord serum thyroid hormones: developmental trends and interrelationships. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:4097-4103.
    • (2004) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.89 , pp. 4097-4103
    • Hume, R.1    Simpson, J.2    Delahunty, C.3    van Toor, H.4    Wu, S.Y.5    Williams, F.L.R.6
  • 73
    • 0029696059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid hormone deiodinases - a selenoenzyme family acting as gate keepers to thyroid hormone action
    • Kohrle J. Thyroid hormone deiodinases - a selenoenzyme family acting as gate keepers to thyroid hormone action. Acta Med Austr 1996;23:17-30.
    • (1996) Acta Med Austr , vol.23 , pp. 17-30
    • Kohrle, J.1
  • 74
    • 0141639674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postpartum maternal iodine status and the relationship to neonatal thyroid function
    • Chan SS, Hams G, Wiley V, Wilcken B, McElduff A. Postpartum maternal iodine status and the relationship to neonatal thyroid function. Thyroid 2003;13:873-876.
    • (2003) Thyroid , vol.13 , pp. 873-876
    • Chan, S.S.1    Hams, G.2    Wiley, V.3    Wilcken, B.4    McElduff, A.5
  • 76
    • 0003492536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Health Organization/United Nations Children's Fund/International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders, WHO/NHD/01.1. Geneva: WHO;
    • World Health Organization/United Nations Children's Fund/International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders. Assessment of the iodine deficiency disorders and monitoring their elimination. WHO/NHD/01.1. Geneva: WHO; 2001. pp 1-107.
    • (2001) Assessment of the iodine deficiency disorders and monitoring their elimination , pp. 1-107
  • 79
    • 0025289292 scopus 로고
    • How common is postpartum thyroiditis?
    • Gerstein HC. How common is postpartum thyroiditis? Arch Inter Med 1990;150:1397-1400.
    • (1990) Arch Inter Med , vol.150 , pp. 1397-1400
    • Gerstein, H.C.1
  • 80
    • 0002150728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iodine supplementation of a cross-section of iodine-deficient pregnant women: Does the human fetal brain undergo metamorphosis?
    • Stanbury JB, Delange F, Dunn JT, Pandav CS, editors, Delhi: Oxford University Press;
    • DeLong GR, Xue-Yi C, Xin-Min J. Iodine supplementation of a cross-section of iodine-deficient pregnant women: does the human fetal brain undergo metamorphosis? In: Stanbury JB, Delange F, Dunn JT, Pandav CS, editors. Iodine in pregnancy. Delhi: Oxford University Press; 1998. pp 55-78.
    • (1998) Iodine in pregnancy , pp. 55-78
    • DeLong, G.R.1    Xue-Yi, C.2    Xin-Min, J.3
  • 81
    • 84864048231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Food on the tolerable upper intake level of iodine
    • European Commission, Health & Consumer Protection Directorate-General, Brussels: European Union, Oct 7
    • European Commission, Health & Consumer Protection Directorate-General. Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Food on the tolerable upper intake level of iodine. SCF/CS/NUT/UPPLEV/26 Final. Brussels: European Union, Oct 7 2002. pp 1-25.
    • (2002) SCF/CS/NUT/UPPLEV/26 Final , pp. 1-25
  • 87
    • 33645886073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The elemental importance of sufficient iodine intake: A trace is not enough
    • Visser TJ. The elemental importance of sufficient iodine intake: a trace is not enough. Endocrinology 2006;147:2095-2097.
    • (2006) Endocrinology , vol.147 , pp. 2095-2097
    • Visser, T.J.1
  • 88
    • 0033036689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neonatal hypothyroidism: Treatment and outcome
    • Van Vliet G. Neonatal hypothyroidism: treatment and outcome. Thyroid 1999;9:79-84.
    • (1999) Thyroid , vol.9 , pp. 79-84
    • Van Vliet, G.1
  • 90
    • 0030029503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychologic development in early treated congenital hypothyroidism: Analysis of literature data
    • Derksen-Lubsen G, Verkerk PH. Neuropsychologic development in early treated congenital hypothyroidism: analysis of literature data. Pediatric Res 1996;39:561-566.
    • (1996) Pediatric Res , vol.39 , pp. 561-566
    • Derksen-Lubsen, G.1    Verkerk, P.H.2
  • 91
    • 0032765905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congenital hypothyroidism: Long-term outcome
    • Rovet JF. Congenital hypothyroidism: long-term outcome. Thyroid 1999;9:741-748.
    • (1999) Thyroid , vol.9 , pp. 741-748
    • Rovet, J.F.1
  • 92
    • 0021330905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bernal J, Pekonen F. Ontogenesis of the nuclear 3,5,3′- triiodothyronine receptor in the human fetal brain. Endocrinology 1984;114:677-679.
    • Bernal J, Pekonen F. Ontogenesis of the nuclear 3,5,3′- triiodothyronine receptor in the human fetal brain. Endocrinology 1984;114:677-679.
  • 93
    • 0034034328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid hormone and central nervous system development
    • Chan S, Kilby MD. Thyroid hormone and central nervous system development. J Endocrinol 2000;165:1-8.
    • (2000) J Endocrinol , vol.165 , pp. 1-8
    • Chan, S.1    Kilby, M.D.2
  • 96
    • 0037338926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase is highly expressed in the human uteroplacental unit and in fetal epithelium
    • Huang SA, Dorfman DM, Genest DR, Salvatore D, Larsen PR. Type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase is highly expressed in the human uteroplacental unit and in fetal epithelium. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003;88:1384-1388.
    • (2003) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.88 , pp. 1384-1388
    • Huang, S.A.1    Dorfman, D.M.2    Genest, D.R.3    Salvatore, D.4    Larsen, P.R.5
  • 97
    • 27744592731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid hormones and brain development
    • Bernal J. Thyroid hormones and brain development. Vitam Horm 2005;71:95-122.
    • (2005) Vitam Horm , vol.71 , pp. 95-122
    • Bernal, J.1
  • 98
    • 0034294787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of thyroid receptor isoforms in the human fetal central nervous system and the effects of intrauterine growth restriction
    • Kilby MD, Gittoes N, McCabe C, Verhaeg J, Franklyn JA. Expression of thyroid receptor isoforms in the human fetal central nervous system and the effects of intrauterine growth restriction. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2000;53:469-477.
    • (2000) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) , vol.53 , pp. 469-477
    • Kilby, M.D.1    Gittoes, N.2    McCabe, C.3    Verhaeg, J.4    Franklyn, J.A.5
  • 99
    • 0025611755 scopus 로고
    • Iodine deficiency disease in Switzerland one hundred years after Theodor Kocher's survey: A historical review with some new goitre prevalence data
    • Bürgi H, Supersaxo Z, Selz B. Iodine deficiency disease in Switzerland one hundred years after Theodor Kocher's survey: a historical review with some new goitre prevalence data. Acta Endocrinol 1990;13:577-590.
    • (1990) Acta Endocrinol , vol.13 , pp. 577-590
    • Bürgi, H.1    Supersaxo, Z.2    Selz, B.3
  • 103
    • 34548117218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo. Prevención de la deficiencia de yodo durante el embarazo y la lactancia [Internet]. Madrid: Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo; undated [cited Jan 3 2007]. Available from: http://www.msc.es/profesionales/saludPublica/prevPromocion/docs/yodoEmbarazo.pdf
    • Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo. Prevención de la deficiencia de yodo durante el embarazo y la lactancia [Internet]. Madrid: Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo; undated [cited Jan 3 2007]. Available from: http://www.msc.es/profesionales/saludPublica/prevPromocion/docs/yodoEmbarazo.pdf
  • 104
    • 2442698992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • La deficiencia de yodo en España: Un problema todavía no resuelto
    • Foz M. La deficiencia de yodo en España: un problema todavía no resuelto. Med Clín (Barc) 2004;122:459-460.
    • (2004) Med Clín (Barc) , vol.122 , pp. 459-460
    • Foz, M.1
  • 105
    • 34548112448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prescribir yodo durante el embarazo
    • Pérez-López FR. Prescribir yodo durante el embarazo. Siete Días Médicos 2006;684:60.
    • (2006) Siete Días Médicos , vol.684 , pp. 60
    • Pérez-López, F.R.1
  • 110
  • 112
    • 0017199002 scopus 로고
    • The midwestern American 'epidemic' of iodine-induced hyperthyroidism in the 1920s
    • Kohn LA. The midwestern American 'epidemic' of iodine-induced hyperthyroidism in the 1920s. Bull N Y Acad Med 1976;52:770-781.
    • (1976) Bull N Y Acad Med , vol.52 , pp. 770-781
    • Kohn, L.A.1
  • 113
    • 0028225047 scopus 로고
    • Increased incidence of thyrotoxicosis after iodine supplementation in an iodine sufficient area
    • Galofré JC, Fernández-Calvet L, Ríos M, García-Mayor RV. Increased incidence of thyrotoxicosis after iodine supplementation in an iodine sufficient area. J Endocrinol Invest 1994;17:23-27.
    • (1994) J Endocrinol Invest , vol.17 , pp. 23-27
    • Galofré, J.C.1    Fernández-Calvet, L.2    Ríos, M.3    García-Mayor, R.V.4
  • 116
    • 33745670136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iodine nutrition - more is better . .
    • Utiger RD. Iodine nutrition - more is better . . . N Engl J Med 2006;354:2819-2821.
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.354 , pp. 2819-2821
    • Utiger, R.D.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.