PbSe nanocrystal/conducting polymer solar cells with an infrared response to 2 micron

Journal of Materials Research

Volumn 22, Issue 8, 2007, Pages 2204-2210

  Jiang, Xiaomei ^a,b   Schaller, Richard D ^c   Lee, Sergey B ^a,d   Pietryga, Jeffrey M ^c   Klimov, Victor I ^c   Zakhidov, Anvar A ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT DALLAS   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA   (United States)

^c LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^d Plextronics Inc   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONDUCTING POLYMERS; CONDUCTION BANDS; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; ELECTRON ENERGY LEVELS; NANOCOMPOSITES; NANOCRYSTALS; PHOTODIODES; PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS;

HETEROJUNCTION ALIGNMENT; VALENCE ENERGY LEVEL;

SOLAR CELLS;

EID: 34548131668     PISSN: 08842914     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2007.0289     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. C.B. Murray, D.J. Norris, and M.G. Bawendi: Synthesis and characterization of nearly monodisperse CdE (E = sulfur, selenium, tellurium) semiconductor nanocrystallites. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115, 8706 (1993).
2. R.D. Schaller and V.I. Klimov: High-efficiency carrier multiplication in PbSe nanocrystals: Implications for solar energy conversion. Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 186601 (2004).
3. R.D. Schaller, M.A. Petruska, and V.I. Klimov: Effect of electronic structure on carrier multiplication efficiency: Comparative study of PbSe and CdSe nanocrystals. Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 253102 (2005).
4. W. Shockley and H.J. Queisser: Detailed balance limit of efficiency of P-N junction solar cells. J. Appl. Phys. 32, 510 (1961).
5. V.I. Klimov: Detailed-balance power conversion limits of nanocrystal-quantum-dot solar cells in the presence of carrier multiplication. Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 123118 (2006).
6. N.C. Greenham, X. Peng, and A.P. Alivisatos: Charge separation and transport in conjugated-polymer/semiconductor-nanocrystal composites studied by photoluminescence quenching and photo-conductivity. Phys. Rev. B 54, 17628 (1996).
7. D.S. Ginger and N.C. Greenham: Charge injection and transport in films of CdSe nanocrystals. J. Appl. Phys. 87, 1361 (2000).
8. W.U. Huynh, J.J. Dittmer, and A.P. Alivisatos: Hybrid nanorod-polymer solar cells. Science 295, 2425 (2002).
9. W.U. Huynh, J.J. Dittmer, W.C. Libby, G.L. Whiting, and A.P. Alivisatos: Controlling the morphology of nanocrystal-polymer composites for solar cells. Adv. Funct. Mater. 13, 73 (2003).
10. J. Liu, T. Tanaka, K. Sivula, A.P. Alivisatos, and J.M.J. Frechet: Employing end-functional polythiophene to control the morphology of nanocrystal-polymer composites in hybrid solar cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126, 6550 (2004).
11. B. Sun, E. Marx, and N.C. Greenham: Photovoltaic devices using blends of branched CdSe nanoparticles and conjugated polymers. Nano Lett. 3, 961 (2003).
12. P. Landsberg: Recombination in Semiconductors (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, UK, 1991).
13. Next Generation Photovoltaics: High Efficiency through Full Spectrum Utilization, edited by A. Marti and A. Luque (IOP Publishing, Bristol, 2004).
14. C.B. Murray, S.H. Sun, W. Gaschler, H. Doyle, T.A. Betley, and C.R. Kagan: Colloidal synthesis of nanocrystals and nanocrystal superlattices. IBM J. Res. Dev. 45, 47 (2001).
15. J.M. Pietryga, R.D. Schaller, D. Werder, M.H. Stewart, V.I. Klimov, and J.A. Hollingsworth: Pushing the band gap envelope: Mid-infrared emitting colloidal PbSe quantum dots. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126, 11752 (2004).
16. A.A. Guzelian, U. Banin, A.V. Kadavanich, X. Peng, and A.P. Alivisatos: Colloidal chemical synthesis and characterization of InAs nanocrystal quantum dots. Appl. Phys. Lett. 69, 1432 (1996).
17. A.L. Rogach, M.T. Harrison, S.V. Kershaw, A. Kornowski, M.G. Burt, A. Eychmuller, and H. Weller: Colloidally prepared CdHgTe and HgTe quantum dots with strong near-infrared luminescence. Phys. Status Solidi 224, 153 (2001).
18. S.A. McDonald, G. Konstantatos, S. Zhang, P.W. Cyr, E.J.D. Klem, L. Levina, and E.H. Sargent: Solution-processed PbS quantum dot infrared photodetectors and photovoltaics. Nat. Mater. 4, 138 (2005).
19. A. Maria, P.W. Cyr, E.J.D. Klem, L. Levina, and E.H. Sargent: Solution-processed infrared photovoltaic devices with >10% monochromatic internal quantum efficiency. Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 213112 (2005).
20. A.A.R. Watt, D. Blake, J.H. Warner, E.A. Thomsen, E.L. Tavenner, H. Rubinsztein-Dunlop, and P. Meredith: Lead sulfide nanocrystal: Conducting polymer solar cells. J. Phys. D 38, 2006 (2005).
21. S. Zhang, P.W. Cyr, S.A. McDonald, G. Konstantatos, and E.H. Sargent: Enhanced infrared photovoltaic efficiency in PbS nanocrystal/ semiconducting polymer composites: 600-fold increase in maximum power output via control of the ligand barrier. Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 233101 (2005).
22. R. Plass, S. Pelet, J. Krueger, M. Gratzel, and U. Bach: Quantum dot sensitization of organic-inorganic hybrid solar cells. J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 7578 (2002).
23. X. Jiang, S.B. Lee, I.B. Altfeder, A.A. Zakhidov, R.D. Schaller, J.M. Pietryga, and V.I. Klimov: Nanocomposite solar cells based on conjugated polymer/PbSe quantum dot. Proc. SPIE 5938, 59381F-1 (2005).
24. D. Cui, J. Xu, T. Zhu, G. Paradee, S. Ashok, and M. Gerhold: Harvest of near infrared light in PbSe nanocrystal-polymer hybrid photovoltaic cells. Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 183111 (2006).
25. D. Qi, M. Fischbein, M. Drndic, and S. Selmic: Efficient polymer-nanocrystal quantum-dot photodetectors. Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 093103 (2005).
26. B.L. Wehrenberg and P. Guyot-Sionnest: Electron and hole injection in PbSe quantum dot films. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125, 7806 (2003).
27. S.K. Haram, B.M. Quinn, and A.J. Bard: Electrochemistry of CdS nanoparticles: A correlation between optical and electrochemical band gaps. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 123, 8860 (2001).
28. I.H. Campbell, T.W. Hagler, D.L. Smith, and J.P. Ferraris: Direct measurement of conjugated polymer electronic excitation energies using metal/polymer/metal structures. Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 1900 (1996).
29. Y. Liu, M.A. Summers, C. Edder, J.M.J. Frechet, and M.D. McGehee: Using resonance energy transfer to improve exciton harvesting in organic-inorganic hybrid photovoltaic cells. Adv. Mater. 17, 2960 (2005).
30. O. Solomeshch, A. Kigel, A. Saschiuk, V. Medvedev, A. Aharoni, A. Razin, Y. Eichen, U. Banin, E. Lifshitz, and N. Tessler: Photoelectronic properties of polymer-nanocrystal composites active at near-infrared wavelengths. J. Appl. Phys. 98, 074310 (2005).
31. A.L. Efros and B.I. Shklovskii: Coulomb gap and low temperature conductivity of disordered systems. J. Phys. C 8, L49 (1975).
32. R.D. Schaller, V.M. Agranovich, and V.I. Klimov: High-efficiency carrier multiplication through direct photogeneration of multi-excitons via virtual single-exciton states. Nature Phys. 1, 189 (2005).
33. R.D. Schaller, M. Sykora, J.M. Pietryga, and V.I. Klimov: Seven excitons at a cost of one: Redefining the limits for conversion efficiency of photons into charge carriers. Nano Lett. 6, 424 (2006).
34. V.I. Klimov, A.A. Mikhailovsky, D.W. McBranch, C.A. Leatherdale, and M.G. Bawendi: Quantization of multiparticle auger rates in semiconductor quantum dots. Science 287, 1011 (2000).
35. 2 colloidal system. J. Chem. Phys. 101, 6222 (1994).
36. J.L. Blackburn, D.C. Selmarten, and A.J. Nozik: Electron transfer dynamics in quantum dot/titanium dioxide composites formed by in situ chemical bath deposition. J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 14154 (2003).
37. H. Htoon, J.A. Hollingsworth, R. Dickerson, and V.I. Klimov: Effect of zero- to one-dimensional transformation on multiparticle auger recombination in semiconductor quantum rods. Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 227401 (2003).
38. W.U. Huynh, J.J. Dittmer, and A.P. Alivisatos: Hybrid nanorod-polymer solar cells. Science 295, 2425 (2002).
39. D.V. Talapin and C.B. Murray: PbSe Nanocrystal solids for n- and p-channel thin film field-effect transistor. Science 310, 86 (2005).