Impact of primary safety belt laws on alcohol-related front-seat occupant fatalities: Five case studies

Traffic Injury Prevention

Volumn 8, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 232-243

  Voas, Robert B ^a   Fell, James C ^a   Tippetts, A Scott ^a   Blackman, Kenneth ^a   Nichols, James L ^b  

^a PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH AND EVALUATION   (United States)

^b Nichols and Associates   (United States)

Author keywords

Alcohol Related Fatalities; Drinking Drivers; Fatal Crashes; Fatally Injured Front Seat Occupants of Passenger Cars; Primary Enforcement; Safety Belt Laws; Safety Belt Usage

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL INTOXICATION; ARTICLE; CAR DRIVING; DRINKING BEHAVIOR; EVALUATION; HUMAN; LAW ENFORCEMENT; LEGAL ASPECT; MORTALITY; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SEATBELT; TRAFFIC ACCIDENT; UNITED STATES; UTILIZATION REVIEW;

ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC; ALCOHOL DRINKING; ALCOHOLIC INTOXICATION; AUTOMOBILE DRIVING; HUMANS; LAW ENFORCEMENT; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SEAT BELTS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 34548088911     PISSN: 15389588     EISSN: 1538957X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/15389580701218489     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. Box GEP, Jenkins GM. (1976) Time Series Analysis: Forecasting and Control, Revised ed. Holden-Day, Inc., San Francisco, CA.
2. Campbell BJ, Campbell FA. (1988) Injury Reduction and Belt Use Associated with Occupant Restraint Laws. In Preventing Automobile Injury: New Findings from Evaluation Research, Ed. JD Graham, Auburn House Publishing Co, Dover, pp. 24-50.
3. Dinh-Zarr TB, Sleet DA, Shults RA, et al. (2001) Reviews of Evidence Regarding Interventions to Increase the Use of Safety Belts, Am J Prev Med, Vol. 21 (4S), pp. 48-65.
4. Eby DW, Vivoda JM, Fordyce TA. (2002) The Effects of Standard Enforcement on Michigan Safety Belt Use, Accid Anal Prev, Vol. 34, pp. 815-823.
5. Elder RW, Shults RA, Sleet DA, Nichols JL, Zaza S, Thompson RS. (2002) Effectiveness of Sobriety Checkpoints for Reducing Alcohol-Involved Crashes, Traffic Inj Prev, Vol. 3, pp. 266-274.
6. Klein TM, Walz MC. (1998) Estimating Alcohol Involvement in Fatal Crashes in Light of Increases in Restraint Use, for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, National Center for Statistics and Analysis, Washington, DC.
7. Lacey, JH, Jones, RK, Smith, RG. (1999) An Evaluation of Checkpoint Tennessee: Tennessee's Statewide Sobriety Checkpoint Program, conducted for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, DC, DOT HS 808 841.
8. Lange JE, Voas RB. (1998) Nighttime Observations of Safety Belt Use: An Evaluation of California's Primary Law, Am J Public Health, Vol. 88 (11), pp. 1718-1720.
9. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (2002a) Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) 2001, for the National Center for Statistics and Analysis, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, DC.
10. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (2002b) Traffic Safety Facts 2001 (DOT HS 809 484), for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, National Center for Statistics and Analysis, Washington, DC.
11. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (2005). The National Initiative for Increasing Safety Belt Use Buckle Up America Campaign (Eighth Report to Congress, Sixth Report to the President), US Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, DC.
12. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (2006). NHTSA Quick Links, NHTSA Grants & Programs, 157 Seat Belt Innovative Grants, Announcements/Guidelines, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Available at: www.nhtsa.dot.gov. Accessed March, 2006.
13. Peek-Asa C. (1999) The Effect of Random Alcohol Screening in Reducing Motor Vehicle Crash Injuries, Am J Prev Med, Vol. 16 (1S), pp. 57-67.
14. Shults RA, Elder RW, Sleet DA, et al. (2001) Reviews of Evidence Regarding Interventions to Reduce Alcohol-Impaired Driving, Am J Prev Med, Vol. 21 (4 Suppl), pp. 66-88.
15. Solomon MG, Ulmer RG, Preusser DF. (2002) Evaluation of Click It or Ticket Model Programs (DOT HS 809 498), for the Preusser Research Group, Inc., Trumbull, CT.
16. Stuster JW, Blowers MA. (1995) Experimental Evaluation of Sobriety Checkpoint Programs (Final Report DOT HS 808 287), for the National Highway Safety Administration, Washington, DC.
17. Subramanian R. (2002) Transitioning to Multiple Imputation - A New Method to Estimate Missing Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) Values in FARS (DOT HS 809 403), for the Mathematical Analysis Division, National Center for Statistics and Analysis, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, DC.
18. Tippetts AS, Voas RB, Fell JC, Nichols JL. (2005) A Meta-Analysis of .08 Bac Laws in 19 Jurisdictions in the United States, Accid Anal Prev, Vol. 37 (1), pp. 149-161.
19. Transportation Research Board (TRB). (2006) Nighttime Safety Belt Enforcement: A Means for Reducing Alcohol-Related and Unrestrained Fatalities? Paper presented at: 85th Annual Meeting, Session #377, Washington, DC, January 22-26.
20. Ulmer RG, Preusser CW, Preusser DF. (1994) Final Report (December 1992-December 1993): Evaluation of California's Safety Belt Law Change to Primary Enforcement, for the U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, DC.
21. Voas, RB, Tippetts AS, Fell JC. (2000) The Relationship of Alcohol Safety Laws to Drinking Drivers in Fatal Crashes, Accid Anal Prev, Vol. 32 (4), pp. 483-492.