메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 294-297

Association not causation: What is the intervention?

Author keywords

Birth outcomes; Cesarean section; Epidural analgesia; Induction of labor; Maternity care; Parturition; Practice based research; Preventive care; Term birth

Indexed keywords

CESAREAN SECTION; CHILDBIRTH; EDITORIAL; GESTATIONAL AGE; HUMAN; LABOR INDUCTION; OBSTETRICS; PREGNANCY; PREMATURITY; RISK ASSESSMENT;

EID: 34548056108     PISSN: 15441709     EISSN: 15441717     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1370/afm.729     Document Type: Editorial
Times cited : (5)

References (19)
  • 1
    • 34548062558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A preventive approach to obstetric care in a rural hospital: Association between higher rates of preventive labor induction and lower rates of cesarean delivery
    • Nicholson JM, Yeager D, Macones G. A preventive approach to obstetric care in a rural hospital: association between higher rates of preventive labor induction and lower rates of cesarean delivery. Ann Fam Med. 2007;5(4):310-319.
    • (2007) Ann Fam Med , vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp. 310-319
    • Nicholson, J.M.1    Yeager, D.2    Macones, G.3
  • 2
    • 33750559337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence-based strategies for implementing guidelines in obstetrics: A systematic review
    • Chaillet N, Dube E, Dugas M, et al. Evidence-based strategies for implementing guidelines in obstetrics: a systematic review. Obstet Gynecol. 2006;108(5):1234-1245.
    • (2006) Obstet Gynecol , vol.108 , Issue.5 , pp. 1234-1245
    • Chaillet, N.1    Dube, E.2    Dugas, M.3
  • 3
    • 0032084718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reducing cesarean section rates safely: Lessons from a "breakthrough series" collaborative
    • Flamm BL, Berwick DM, Kabcenell A. Reducing cesarean section rates safely: lessons from a "breakthrough series" collaborative. Birth. 1998;25(2):117-124.
    • (1998) Birth , vol.25 , Issue.2 , pp. 117-124
    • Flamm, B.L.1    Berwick, D.M.2    Kabcenell, A.3
  • 4
    • 0036171945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcomes of planned home births versus planned hospital births after regulation of midwifery in British Columbia
    • Janssen PA, Lee SK, Ryan EM, et al. Outcomes of planned home births versus planned hospital births after regulation of midwifery in British Columbia. CMAJ. 2002;166(3):315-323.
    • (2002) CMAJ , vol.166 , Issue.3 , pp. 315-323
    • Janssen, P.A.1    Lee, S.K.2    Ryan, E.M.3
  • 5
    • 0002888116 scopus 로고
    • The prophylactic forceps operation
    • DeLee J. The prophylactic forceps operation. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1920;1:34-44.
    • (1920) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.1 , pp. 34-44
    • DeLee, J.1
  • 6
    • 0026692896 scopus 로고
    • Induction of labor as compared with serial antenatal monitoring in post-term pregnancy. A randomized controlled trial. The Canadian Multicenter Post-term Pregnancy Trial Group
    • Hannah ME, Hannah WJ, Hellmann J, Hewson S, Milner R, Willan A. Induction of labor as compared with serial antenatal monitoring in post-term pregnancy. A randomized controlled trial. The Canadian Multicenter Post-term Pregnancy Trial Group. N Engl J Med. 1992;326(24):1587-1592.
    • (1992) N Engl J Med , vol.326 , Issue.24 , pp. 1587-1592
    • Hannah, M.E.1    Hannah, W.J.2    Hellmann, J.3    Hewson, S.4    Milner, R.5    Willan, A.6
  • 7
    • 0038208251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Labor induction versus expectant management for postterm pregnancies: A systematic review with meta-analysis
    • Sanchez-Ramos L, Olivier F, Delke I, Kaunitz AM. Labor induction versus expectant management for postterm pregnancies: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol. 2003;101(6):1312-1318.
    • (2003) Obstet Gynecol , vol.101 , Issue.6 , pp. 1312-1318
    • Sanchez-Ramos, L.1    Olivier, F.2    Delke, I.3    Kaunitz, A.M.4
  • 8
    • 84921431358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interventions for preventing or improving the outcome of delivery at or beyond term
    • CD000170
    • Crowley P. Interventions for preventing or improving the outcome of delivery at or beyond term. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD000170.
    • (2000) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.2
    • Crowley, P.1
  • 9
    • 8544260322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cesarean delivery after elective induction in nulliparous women: The physician effect
    • Luthy DA, Malmgren JA, Zingheim RW. Cesarean delivery after elective induction in nulliparous women: the physician effect. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;191(5):1511-1515.
    • (2004) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.191 , Issue.5 , pp. 1511-1515
    • Luthy, D.A.1    Malmgren, J.A.2    Zingheim, R.W.3
  • 11
    • 33646853325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does epidural analgesia increase rate of cesarean section?
    • Klein MC. Does epidural analgesia increase rate of cesarean section? Can Fam Physician. 2006;52:419-421, 426-418.
    • (2006) Can Fam Physician , vol.52
    • Klein, M.C.1
  • 12
    • 31844443695 scopus 로고
    • The environment and disease: Association or causation?
    • Hill AB. The environment and disease: association or causation? Proc R Soc Med. 1965;58:295-300.
    • (1965) Proc R Soc Med , vol.58 , pp. 295-300
    • Hill, A.B.1
  • 13
    • 75549098538 scopus 로고
    • Mortality in relation to smoking: Ten years' observations of British doctors
    • CONCL
    • Doll R, Hill AB. Mortality in relation to smoking: ten years' observations of British doctors. Br Med J. 1964;1(5396):1460-1467 CONCL.
    • (1964) Br Med J , vol.1 , Issue.5396 , pp. 1460-1467
    • Doll, R.1    Hill, A.B.2
  • 14
    • 8544283036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active management of risk in pregnancy at term in an urban population: An association between a higher induction of labor rate and a lower cesarean delivery rate
    • Nicholson JM, Kellar LC, Cronholm PF, Macones GA. Active management of risk in pregnancy at term in an urban population: an association between a higher induction of labor rate and a lower cesarean delivery rate. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;191(5):1516-1528.
    • (2004) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.191 , Issue.5 , pp. 1516-1528
    • Nicholson, J.M.1    Kellar, L.C.2    Cronholm, P.F.3    Macones, G.A.4
  • 16
    • 0017330463 scopus 로고
    • Lumbar epidural analgesia in labour: Relation to fetal malposition and instrumental delivery
    • Hoult IJ, MacLennan AH, Carrie LE. Lumbar epidural analgesia in labour: relation to fetal malposition and instrumental delivery. Br Med J. 1977;1(6052):14-16.
    • (1977) Br Med J , vol.1 , Issue.6052 , pp. 14-16
    • Hoult, I.J.1    MacLennan, A.H.2    Carrie, L.E.3
  • 18
    • 0035543513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidural analgesia use as a marker for physician approach to birth: Implications for maternal and newborn outcomes
    • Klein MC, Grzybowski S, Harris S, et al. Epidural analgesia use as a marker for physician approach to birth: implications for maternal and newborn outcomes. Birth. 2001;28(4):243-248.
    • (2001) Birth , vol.28 , Issue.4 , pp. 243-248
    • Klein, M.C.1    Grzybowski, S.2    Harris, S.3
  • 19
    • 8544273219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elective induction of labor: Should we make a fuss?
    • Socol M. Elective induction of labor: should we make a fuss? Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;191(5):1509-1510.
    • (2004) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.191 , Issue.5 , pp. 1509-1510
    • Socol, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.