메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 152, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 677-686

Survival of microscopic stages of a perennial kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) from the center and the southern extreme of its range in the Northern Hemisphere after exposure to simulated El Niño stress

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE; EL NINO; LABORATORY METHOD; LIFE HISTORY THEORY; NITRATE; NORTHERN HEMISPHERE; SEAWEED; SEED BANK; SPOROPHYTE; SURVIVAL; TOLERANCE;

EID: 34548043482     PISSN: 00253162     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00227-007-0723-z     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (60)

References (70)
  • 1
    • 0021799219 scopus 로고
    • Genetic damage, mutation, and the evolution of sex
    • Bernstein H, Byerly H, Hopf F, Michod R (1985) Genetic damage, mutation, and the evolution of sex. Science 229:1277-1281
    • (1985) Science , vol.229 , pp. 1277-1281
    • Bernstein, H.1    Byerly, H.2    Hopf, F.3    Michod, R.4
  • 2
    • 0343925120 scopus 로고
    • Optimal growth and maximal survival temperatures of Atlantic Laminaria species in culture
    • Bolton J, Luning K (1982) Optimal growth and maximal survival temperatures of Atlantic Laminaria species in culture. Mar Biol 87:131-135
    • (1982) Mar Biol , vol.87 , pp. 131-135
    • Bolton, J.1    Luning, K.2
  • 3
    • 0001968520 scopus 로고
    • Reproduction, recruitment, and mortality of two species of Laminaria in southwest Nova Scotia
    • Chapman ARO (1984) Reproduction, recruitment, and mortality of two species of Laminaria in southwest Nova Scotia. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 78:99-109
    • (1984) J Exp Mar Biol Ecol , vol.78 , pp. 99-109
    • Chapman, A.R.O.1
  • 4
    • 0141871966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Costs and consequences of evolutionary temperature adaptation
    • Clarke A (2003). Costs and consequences of evolutionary temperature adaptation. Trends Ecol Evol 18:573-581
    • (2003) Trends Ecol Evol , vol.18 , pp. 573-581
    • Clarke, A.1
  • 5
    • 0000433869 scopus 로고
    • Isogamy and a fucalean type of life history in the antarctic brown algae, Ascoseira mirabilis
    • Clayton M (1987) Isogamy and a fucalean type of life history in the antarctic brown algae, Ascoseira mirabilis. Botanica Marina 30:447-54
    • (1987) Botanica Marina , vol.30 , pp. 447-54
    • Clayton, M.1
  • 6
    • 0025599611 scopus 로고
    • The adaptive significance of life history characters in selected orders of marine brown macroalgae
    • Clayton M (1990) The adaptive significance of life history characters in selected orders of marine brown macroalgae. Aust J Ecol 15:439-452
    • (1990) Aust J Ecol , vol.15 , pp. 439-452
    • Clayton, M.1
  • 7
    • 17544373967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embryos at the edge of tolerance: Effects of environmental and structure of egg masses on supply of oxygen to embryos
    • Cohen CS, Strathman R (1996) Embryos at the edge of tolerance: effects of environmental and structure of egg masses on supply of oxygen to embryos. Biol Bull 190:8-15
    • (1996) Biol Bull , vol.190 , pp. 8-15
    • Cohen, C.S.1    Strathman, R.2
  • 8
    • 0000749335 scopus 로고
    • Evolution in sexual and asexual populations
    • Crow JF, Kimura M (1978) Evolution in sexual and asexual populations. Am Nat 909:439-450
    • (1978) Am Nat , vol.909 , pp. 439-450
    • Crow, J.F.1    Kimura, M.2
  • 9
    • 0342619209 scopus 로고
    • A further study of upwelling and associated vegetation along Pacific Baja California, Mexico
    • Dawson Y (1951) A further study of upwelling and associated vegetation along Pacific Baja California, Mexico. J Mar Res 10:39-58
    • (1951) J Mar Res , vol.10 , pp. 39-58
    • Dawson, Y.1
  • 10
    • 0006515786 scopus 로고
    • Circulation within Bahía Vizcaino, Baja California, and its effects on marine vegetation
    • Dawson Y (1952) Circulation within Bahía Vizcaino, Baja California, and its effects on marine vegetation. Am J Bot 39:425-432
    • (1952) Am J Bot , vol.39 , pp. 425-432
    • Dawson, Y.1
  • 11
    • 0000598635 scopus 로고
    • Dispersion and persistence of the annual intertidal alga Postelsia palmaeformis
    • Dayton P (1973) Dispersion and persistence of the annual intertidal alga Postelsia palmaeformis. Ecology 54:433-438
    • (1973) Ecology , vol.54 , pp. 433-438
    • Dayton, P.1
  • 12
    • 0022167232 scopus 로고
    • Ecology of kelp communities
    • Dayton P (1985) Ecology of kelp communities. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 16:215-45
    • (1985) Annu Rev Ecol Syst , vol.16 , pp. 215-45
    • Dayton, P.1
  • 13
    • 0021575350 scopus 로고
    • Catastrophic storms, El Niño, and patch stability in a southern California kelp community
    • Dayton P, Tegner M (1984) Catastrophic storms, El Niño, and patch stability in a southern California kelp community. Science 224:283-85
    • (1984) Science , vol.224 , pp. 283-85
    • Dayton, P.1    Tegner, M.2
  • 14
    • 0001552060 scopus 로고
    • Growth of juvenile Macrocystis pyrifera (Laminariales) in relation to environmental factors
    • Dean T, Jacobsen FR (1984) Growth of juvenile Macrocystis pyrifera (Laminariales) in relation to environmental factors. Mar Biol 83:301-11
    • (1984) Mar Biol , vol.83 , pp. 301-11
    • Dean, T.1    Jacobsen, F.R.2
  • 15
    • 0000559612 scopus 로고
    • Effects of sediments on the development of Macrocystis pyrifera gametophytes
    • Devinny J, Volse L (1978) Effects of sediments on the development of Macrocystis pyrifera gametophytes. Mar Biol 48:343-348
    • (1978) Mar Biol , vol.48 , pp. 343-348
    • Devinny, J.1    Volse, L.2
  • 16
    • 0002895591 scopus 로고
    • In situ recruitment of sporophytes of the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera: Effects of physical factors
    • Deysher L, Dean T (1986a). In situ recruitment of sporophytes of the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera: effects of physical factors. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 103:41-63
    • (1986) J Exp Mar Biol Ecol , vol.103 , pp. 41-63
    • Deysher, L.1    Dean, T.2
  • 17
    • 0001962157 scopus 로고
    • Interactive effect of light and temperature on sporophyte production in the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera
    • Deysher L, Dean T (1986b) Interactive effect of light and temperature on sporophyte production in the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera. Mar Biol 93:17-20
    • (1986) Mar Biol , vol.93 , pp. 17-20
    • Deysher, L.1    Dean, T.2
  • 18
    • 0036377977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of oceanographic conditions off Baja California: 1997-1999
    • Durazo R, Baumgartner T (2002) Evolution of oceanographic conditions off Baja California: 1997-1999. Prog Oceanogr 54:7-31
    • (2002) Prog Oceanogr , vol.54 , pp. 7-31
    • Durazo, R.1    Baumgartner, T.2
  • 19
    • 1342288547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating scale-dependency in disturbance impacts: El Niños and giant kelp forests in the northeast Pacific
    • 3
    • Edwards M (2004) Estimating scale-dependency in disturbance impacts: El Niños and giant kelp forests in the northeast Pacific. Oecologia 138(3):436-447
    • (2004) Oecologia , vol.138 , pp. 436-447
    • Edwards, M.1
  • 20
    • 0001485071 scopus 로고
    • Ecotypic differentiation of Laminaria longicruris in relation to seawater nitrate concentration
    • Espinoza J, Chapman ARO (1983) Ecotypic differentiation of Laminaria longicruris in relation to seawater nitrate concentration. Mar Biol 74:213-218
    • (1983) Mar Biol , vol.74 , pp. 213-218
    • Espinoza, J.1    Chapman, A.R.O.2
  • 21
    • 0027881463 scopus 로고
    • Effects of expected global climate change on marine faunas
    • Fields P, Graham J, Rosenblat H, Somero G (1993) Effects of expected global climate change on marine faunas. Trends Ecol Evol 8:361-3671
    • (1993) Trends Ecol Evol , vol.8 , pp. 361-3671
    • Fields, P.1    Graham, J.2    Rosenblat, H.3    Somero, G.4
  • 23
    • 0021562557 scopus 로고
    • Physiological effects of El Niño on giant kelp in southern California
    • Gerard V (1984) Physiological effects of El Niño on giant kelp in southern California. Mar Biol Letts 5:317-322
    • (1984) Mar Biol Letts , vol.5 , pp. 317-322
    • Gerard, V.1
  • 24
    • 0002861607 scopus 로고
    • Ecotypic differentiation in light related traits of the kelp Laminaria saccharina
    • Gerard V (1988) Ecotypic differentiation in light related traits of the kelp Laminaria saccharina. Mar Biol 97:25-36
    • (1988) Mar Biol , vol.97 , pp. 25-36
    • Gerard, V.1
  • 25
    • 0025640914 scopus 로고
    • Ecotypic differentiation in the kelp Laminaria saccharina:phase-specific adaptation in a complex life cycle
    • Gerard V (1990) Ecotypic differentiation in the kelp Laminaria saccharina:phase-specific adaptation in a complex life cycle. Mar Biol 107:519-28
    • (1990) Mar Biol , vol.107 , pp. 519-28
    • Gerard, V.1
  • 26
    • 0030733910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of nitrogen nutrition in high-temperature tolerance of the kelp Laminaria saccharina (Chromophyta)
    • Gerard V (1997) The role of nitrogen nutrition in high-temperature tolerance of the kelp Laminaria saccharina (Chromophyta). J Phycol 33:800-810
    • (1997) J Phycol , vol.33 , pp. 800-810
    • Gerard, V.1
  • 27
    • 0002861609 scopus 로고
    • Temperature ecotypes near the southern boundary of the kelp Laminaria saccharina
    • Gerard V, Dubois K (1988) Temperature ecotypes near the southern boundary of the kelp Laminaria saccharina. Mar Biol 97:575-580
    • (1988) Mar Biol , vol.97 , pp. 575-580
    • Gerard, V.1    Dubois, K.2
  • 29
    • 0026379793 scopus 로고
    • Banks of algal microscopic forms: Hypotheses on their functioning and comparisons with seed banks
    • Hoffman A, Santelices B (1991) Banks of algal microscopic forms: hypotheses on their functioning and comparisons with seed banks. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 79:185-194
    • (1991) Mar Ecol Prog Ser , vol.79 , pp. 185-194
    • Hoffman, A.1    Santelices, B.2
  • 31
    • 0000611392 scopus 로고
    • The signature of El Niño off Oregon in 1982-83
    • Huyer A, Smith RL (1985) The signature of El Niño off Oregon in 1982-83. J Geophys Res 90:7133-7142
    • (1985) J Geophys Res , vol.90 , pp. 7133-7142
    • Huyer, A.1    Smith, R.L.2
  • 32
    • 84986749696 scopus 로고
    • Nutrients and production of giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, off southern California
    • Jackson GA (1977) Nutrients and production of giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, off southern California. Limnol Oceanogr 22:979-995
    • (1977) Limnol Oceanogr , vol.22 , pp. 979-995
    • Jackson, G.A.1
  • 33
    • 0028093430 scopus 로고
    • Alternation of generation in algae: Its complexity, maintenance and evolution
    • John D (1994) Alternation of generation in algae: its complexity, maintenance and evolution. Biol Rev 69:275-91
    • (1994) Biol Rev , vol.69 , pp. 275-91
    • John, D.1
  • 34
    • 0034664408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of the 1997-98 El Niño on the surface chlorophyll in the California current
    • Kahru M, Mitchell G (2000) Influence of the 1997-98 El Niño on the surface chlorophyll in the California current. J Geophys Lett 26:2937-2940
    • (2000) J Geophys Lett , vol.26 , pp. 2937-2940
    • Kahru, M.1    Mitchell, G.2
  • 35
    • 0037330270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arrested development of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera, Phaeophyceae) embryonic sporophytes: A mechanism for delayed recruitment in perennial kelps
    • Kinlan B, Graham M, Sala E, Dayton P (2003) Arrested development of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera, Phaeophyceae) embryonic sporophytes: a mechanism for delayed recruitment in perennial kelps. J Phycol 39:47-57
    • (2003) J Phycol , vol.39 , pp. 47-57
    • Kinlan, B.1    Graham, M.2    Sala, E.3    Dayton, P.4
  • 36
    • 0026308125 scopus 로고
    • Variation in nitrogen physiology and growth among geographically isolated populations of the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera (Phaeophyta)
    • Kopczak C, Zimmerman R, Kremer J (1991) Variation in nitrogen physiology and growth among geographically isolated populations of the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera (Phaeophyta). J Phycol 27:149-158
    • (1991) J Phycol , vol.27 , pp. 149-158
    • Kopczak, C.1    Zimmerman, R.2    Kremer, J.3
  • 37
    • 0042285554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The shoaling of nutrient-enriched subsurface waters as a mechanism to sustain primary productivity off Central Baja California during El Niño winters
    • Ladah L (2003) The shoaling of nutrient-enriched subsurface waters as a mechanism to sustain primary productivity off Central Baja California during El Niño winters. J Mar Systems 42:145-152
    • (2003) J Mar Systems , vol.42 , pp. 145-152
    • Ladah, L.1
  • 38
    • 9944260406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) survival in deep water (25-40 m) during El Niño of 1997-1998 in Baja California, Mexico
    • Ladah L, Zertuche-Gonzalez JA (2004) Giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) survival in deep water (25-40 m) during El Niño of 1997-1998 in Baja California, Mexico. Botanica Marina 47:367-372
    • (2004) Botanica Marina , vol.47 , pp. 367-372
    • Ladah, L.1    Zertuche-Gonzalez, J.A.2
  • 39
    • 0033400815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid recovery giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera, Phaeophyceae) recruitment near its southern limit in Baja California after mass disappearance during ENSO 1997-1998
    • Ladah L, Zertuche-Gonzalez JA, Hernandez-Carmona G (1999) Rapid recovery giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera, Phaeophyceae) recruitment near its southern limit in Baja California after mass disappearance during ENSO 1997-1998. J Phycol 35:1106-1112
    • (1999) J Phycol , vol.35 , pp. 1106-1112
    • Ladah, L.1    Zertuche-Gonzalez, J.A.2    Hernandez-Carmona, G.3
  • 40
    • 84986773512 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive phenology of Laminaria saccharina (L.) Lamour (Phaeophyta) at the southern limit of its distribution in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean
    • Lee JA, Brinkuis BH (1986) Reproductive phenology of Laminaria saccharina (L.) Lamour (Phaeophyta) at the southern limit of its distribution in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean. J Phycol 22:276-285
    • (1986) J Phycol , vol.22 , pp. 276-285
    • Lee, J.A.1    Brinkuis, B.H.2
  • 41
    • 0022178525 scopus 로고
    • Nutrient scarcity as an evolutionary cause of haploidy
    • Lewis WM (1985) Nutrient scarcity as an evolutionary cause of haploidy. Am Nat 125:692-701
    • (1985) Am Nat , vol.125 , pp. 692-701
    • Lewis, W.M.1
  • 42
    • 34548040072 scopus 로고
    • Heteromorphic life histories of certain marine algae as adaptations to variations in herbivory
    • Lubchenco J, Cubit J (1980) Heteromorphic life histories of certain marine algae as adaptations to variations in herbivory. Ecology 64:1116-23
    • (1980) Ecology , vol.64 , pp. 1116-23
    • Lubchenco, J.1    Cubit, J.2
  • 43
    • 0001168936 scopus 로고
    • The California current system: The seasonal variability of its physical characteristics
    • Lynn R, Simpson J (1987) The California current system: the seasonal variability of its physical characteristics. J Geophys Res 92:12947-966
    • (1987) J Geophys Res , vol.92 , pp. 12947-966
    • Lynn, R.1    Simpson, J.2
  • 44
    • 0032884238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Latitudinal differences in thermal tolerance among microscopic sporophytes of the kelp Lessonia nigrescens (Phaeophyta: Laminariales)
    • 1
    • Martinez E (1999) Latitudinal differences in thermal tolerance among microscopic sporophytes of the kelp Lessonia nigrescens (Phaeophyta: Laminariales). Pac Sci 53(1):74-81
    • (1999) Pac Sci , vol.53 , pp. 74-81
    • Martinez, E.1
  • 45
    • 0032212586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective mortality on haploid and diploid microscopic stages of Lessonia nigrescens Bory (Phaeophyta, Laminariales)
    • Martinez E, Santelices B (1998) Selective mortality on haploid and diploid microscopic stages of Lessonia nigrescens Bory (Phaeophyta, Laminariales). J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 229:219-239
    • (1998) J Exp Mar Biol Ecol , vol.229 , pp. 219-239
    • Martinez, E.1    Santelices, B.2
  • 46
    • 0003918633 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge University Press Cambridge
    • Maynard-Smith J (1978) The evolution of sex. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 222
    • (1978) The Evolution of Sex , pp. 222
    • Maynard-Smith, J.1
  • 47
    • 0032504005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate-ocean variability and ecosystem response in the Northeast Pacific
    • McGowan J, Cayan D, Dorman L (1998) Climate-ocean variability and ecosystem response in the Northeast Pacific. Science 281:210-217
    • (1998) Science , vol.281 , pp. 210-217
    • McGowan, J.1    Cayan, D.2    Dorman, L.3
  • 48
    • 0033753150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interdecadal climate regime dynamics in the North Pacific Ocean: Theories, observations and ecosystem impacts
    • Miller A, Schneider N (2000) Interdecadal climate regime dynamics in the North Pacific Ocean: theories, observations and ecosystem impacts. Prog Oceanogr 47:355-379
    • (2000) Prog Oceanogr , vol.47 , pp. 355-379
    • Miller, A.1    Schneider, N.2
  • 49
    • 0001383310 scopus 로고
    • Review of Macrocystis biology
    • Academic Publishing Netherlands
    • North W (1994) Review of Macrocystis biology. In: Akatsuka I (ed) Biology of economic algae. Academic Publishing, Netherlands, pp 447-527
    • (1994) Biology of Economic Algae , pp. 447-527
    • North, W.1    Akatsuka2
  • 50
    • 0021543192 scopus 로고
    • Influences of macronutrients and water temperatures on summertime survival of Macrocystis canopies
    • North W, Zimmerman R (1984) Influences of macronutrients and water temperatures on summertime survival of Macrocystis canopies. Hydrobiología 116/117:419-24
    • (1984) Hydrobiología , vol.116-117 , pp. 419-24
    • North, W.1    Zimmerman, R.2
  • 51
    • 0012220802 scopus 로고
    • Synthetic media and techniques for the xenic culture of marine algae and flagellates
    • (N.S.)
    • Ott F (1965) Synthetic media and techniques for the xenic culture of marine algae and flagellates. VA J Sci (N.S.)
    • (1965) VA J Sci
    • Ott, F.1
  • 53
    • 0026430367 scopus 로고
    • Transition from haploidy to diploidy
    • Perrot V, Richerd S, Valero M (1991) Transition from haploidy to diploidy. Nature 351:315-317
    • (1991) Nature , vol.351 , pp. 315-317
    • Perrot, V.1    Richerd, S.2    Valero, M.3
  • 54
    • 0036801749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate variations and the physiological basis of temperature dependant biogeography: Systemic to molecular hierarchy of thermal tolerance in animals.
    • Portner H (2002) Climate variations and the physiological basis of temperature dependant biogeography: systemic to molecular hierarchy of thermal tolerance in animals. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 133:303-321
    • (2002) Comp Biochem Physiol a Mol Integr Physiol , vol.133 , pp. 303-321
    • Portner, H.1
  • 55
    • 0002733010 scopus 로고
    • Media and prospects for the cultivation of marine algae
    • Watanabe A, A. Hattori (eds) Cultures and collections of algae. Japanese Society of Plant Physiology 63-75
    • Provasoli L (1968) Media and prospects for the cultivation of marine algae. In: Watanabe A, A. Hattori (eds) Cultures and collections of algae. Proc US-Japan Conf. Hakone. Sept 1966. Japanese Society of Plant Physiology 63-75
    • (1968) Proc US-Japan Conf. Hakone. Sept 1966
    • Provasoli, L.1
  • 56
    • 84989634754 scopus 로고
    • Role of density on gametophyte growth and reproduction in the kelps Macrocystis pyrifera and Pterygophora californica
    • Reed D, Neushul M, Ebeling A (1991) Role of density on gametophyte growth and reproduction in the kelps Macrocystis pyrifera and Pterygophora californica. J Phycol 27:361-366
    • (1991) J Phycol , vol.27 , pp. 361-366
    • Reed, D.1    Neushul, M.2    Ebeling, A.3
  • 57
    • 0031397312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of reproductive synchrony in the colonization potential of kelp
    • 8
    • Reed D, Anderson T, Ebeling A, Anghera M (1997) The role of reproductive synchrony in the colonization potential of kelp. Ecology 78(8):2443-2457
    • (1997) Ecology , vol.78 , pp. 2443-2457
    • Reed, D.1    Anderson, T.2    Ebeling, A.3    Anghera, M.4
  • 58
    • 0032699071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate-related change in an intertidal community over short and long time scales
    • Sagarin R, Barry J, Gilman S, Baxter C (1999) Climate-related change in an intertidal community over short and long time scales. Ecol Monogr 69:465-490
    • (1999) Ecol Monogr , vol.69 , pp. 465-490
    • Sagarin, R.1    Barry, J.2    Gilman, S.3    Baxter, C.4
  • 59
    • 0001664572 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of reproduction, dispersal, and recruitment in seaweeds
    • Santelices B (1990) Patterns of reproduction, dispersal, and recruitment in seaweeds. Oceanogr Mar Biol Annu Rev 28:177-276
    • (1990) Oceanogr Mar Biol Annu Rev , vol.28 , pp. 177-276
    • Santelices, B.1
  • 62
    • 0024931461 scopus 로고
    • Storm wave induced mortality of giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, in southern California
    • Seymour R, Tegner M, Dayton P, Parnell P (1989) Storm wave induced mortality of giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, in southern California. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 28:277-292
    • (1989) Estuar Coast Shelf Sci , vol.28 , pp. 277-292
    • Seymour, R.1    Tegner, M.2    Dayton, P.3    Parnell, P.4
  • 63
    • 0023500651 scopus 로고
    • El Niño effects on southern California kelp communities
    • Tegner M, Dayton P (1987) El Niño effects on southern California kelp communities. Adv Ecol Res 17:243-279
    • (1987) Adv Ecol Res , vol.17 , pp. 243-279
    • Tegner, M.1    Dayton, P.2
  • 64
    • 0026314492 scopus 로고
    • Sea urchins, El Niño's, and long term stability of southern California kelp forest communities
    • Tegner M, Dayton P (1991) Sea urchins, El Niño's, and long term stability of southern California kelp forest communities. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 77:49-63
    • (1991) Mar Ecol Prog Ser , vol.77 , pp. 49-63
    • Tegner, M.1    Dayton, P.2
  • 65
    • 0030300493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is there evidence for long-term climatic change in Southern California kelp forests?
    • Tegner M, Dayton P, Edwards P, Riser K (1996) Is there evidence for long-term climatic change in Southern California kelp forests? Calcofi Reports 37:111-126
    • (1996) Calcofi Reports , vol.37 , pp. 111-126
    • Tegner, M.1    Dayton, P.2    Edwards, P.3    Riser, K.4
  • 66
    • 0027132167 scopus 로고
    • Temperature tolerance and survival in darkness of kelp gametophytes (Laminariales, Phaeophyta): Ecological and biogeographic implications
    • tom Dieck I (1993) Temperature tolerance and survival in darkness of kelp gametophytes (Laminariales, Phaeophyta): ecological and biogeographic implications. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 100:253-264
    • (1993) Mar Ecol Prog Ser , vol.100 , pp. 253-264
    • Tom Dieck, I.1
  • 67
    • 0028160926 scopus 로고
    • Life at the edge: Population dynamics and salinity tolerance of a high intertidal, pool-dwelling ascoglossan opisthobranch on New Zealand rocky shores
    • Trowbridge CD (1994) Life at the edge: population dynamics and salinity tolerance of a high intertidal, pool-dwelling ascoglossan opisthobranch on New Zealand rocky shores. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 182:65-84
    • (1994) J Exp Mar Biol Ecol , vol.182 , pp. 65-84
    • Trowbridge, C.D.1
  • 69
    • 0021479399 scopus 로고
    • Episodic nutrient supply to a kelp forest ecosystem in Southern California
    • Zimmerman R, Kremer J (1984) Episodic nutrient supply to a kelp forest ecosystem in Southern California. J Mar Res 42:591-604
    • (1984) J Mar Res , vol.42 , pp. 591-604
    • Zimmerman, R.1    Kremer, J.2
  • 70
    • 0022167864 scopus 로고
    • Effects of El Niño on local hydrography and growth of giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera, at Santa Catalina Island, California
    • Zimmerman R, Robertson DL (1985) Effects of El Niño on local hydrography and growth of giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera, at Santa Catalina Island, California. Limnol Oceanogr 30:1298-1302
    • (1985) Limnol Oceanogr , vol.30 , pp. 1298-1302
    • Zimmerman, R.1    Robertson, D.L.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.