Differentiation and growth traits associated with acrotony in the apple tree (Malus Xdomestica, Rosaceae)

American Journal of Botany

Volumn 94, Issue 8, 2007, Pages 1273-1281

  Lauri, Pierre Eric ^a  

^a CIRAD   (France)

Author keywords

Acrotony; Apple tree; Growth habit; Latent bud; Lateral abortion; Malus Xdomestica; Organogenesis; Rosaceae

Indexed keywords

BUD; DECIDUOUS TREE; DIFFERENTIATION; GROWTH RATE; REPRODUCTION;

MALUS; MALUS X DOMESTICA; ROSACEAE;

EID: 34548032605     PISSN: 00029122     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3732/ajb.94.8.1273     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. ABBOTT, D. L. 1977. Fruit-bud formation in Cox's Orange Pippin. Annual Report of Long Ashton Research Station for 1976, 167-176.
2. BARNOLA, P., AND J. CRABBÉ. 1993. L'activité cambiale, composante active ou passive dans les réactions de croissance de l'arbre. Acta Botanica Gallica 140: 403-412.
3. BARTHÉLÉMY, D., AND Y. CARAGLIO. 2007. Plant architecture: a dynamic, multilevel and comprehensive approach to plant form, structure and ontogeny. Annals of Botany 99: 375-407.
4. BELL, A. 1991. Plant form - an illustrated guide to flowering plant morphology. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
5. BENNETT, T., AND O. LEYSER. 2006. Something on the side: axillary meristems and plant development. Plant Molecular Biology 60: 843-854.
6. BORY, G., AND D. CLAIR-MACZULAJTYS. 1988. Aptitude au débourrement des bourgeons et répartition des glucides dans la pousse d'un an de l'Ailanthus glandulosa Desf. (Simarubacées). Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France 135, Actualités Botaniques 1: 81-90.
7. BROWN, C. L, AND P. P. MCALPINE. and R. G., Kormanik. 1967. Apical dominance and form in woody plants: a reappraisal. American Journal of Botany 54: 153-162.
8. BRUNEL, N., N. LEDUC, P. POUPARD, P. SIMONEAU, J. C. MAUGET, AND J. D. VIÉMONT. 2002. KNAP2, a class I KN1-like gene is a negative marker of bud growth potential in apple trees (Malus domestica [L.] Borkh.). Journal of Experimental Botany 53: 2143-2149.
9. CHAMPAGNAT, P. 1954. Les corrélations sur le rameau d'un an des végétaux ligneux. Phyton 4: 1-102.
10. CHAMPAGNAT, P. 1965. Physiologie de la croissance et de l'inhibition des bourgeons: dominance apicale et phénomènes analogues. In W. Ruhland [ed.], Hanbuch der Pflanzenphysiologie, vol. 15, 1106-1164. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
11. CHAMPAGNAT, P. 1966. Quelques caractères de la ramification du rameau d'un an des végétaux ligneux. Société Pomologique Française, 96éme session, 9-36.
12. CHAMPAGNAT, P., P. BARNOLA, AND S. LAVARENNE. 1971. Premières recherches sur le déterminisme de l'acrotonie des végétaux ligneux. Annales des Sciences Forestières 28: 5-22.
13. CLANET, H., AND J. C. SALLES. 1974. Contribution à l'étude de la fructification de l'abricotier dans des conditions climatiques différentes. Annales de l'Amélioration des Plantes 24: 97-127.
14. CLINE, M. G., M. YODERS, D. DESAI, C. HARRINGTON, AND W. CARLSON. 2006. Hormonal control of second flushing in Douglas-fir shoots. Tree Physiology 26: 1369-1375.
15. COOK, N. C., AND D. U. BELLSTEDT. 2001. Chilling response of 'Granny Smith' apple lateral buds inhibited by distal shoot tissues. Scientia Horticulturae 89: 299-308.
16. COOK, N. C., D. U. BELLSTEDT, AND G. JACOBS. 2001. Endogenous cytokinin distribution patterns at budburst in Granny Smith and Braeburn apple shoots in relation to bud growth. Scientia Horticulturae 87: 53-63.
17. COOK, N. C., AND G. JACOBS. 1999. Suboptimal winter chilling impedes development of acrotony in apple shoots. HortScience 34: 1213-1216.
18. COOK, N. C., E. RABE, J. KEULEMANS, AND G. JACOBS. 1998. The expression of acrotony in deciduous fruit trees: a study of the apple rootstock M.9. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 123: 30-34.
19. COSTES, E. 2003. Winter bud content according to position in 3-year-old branching systems of 'Granny Smith' apple. Annals of Botany 92: 581-588.
20. COSTES, E., D. FOURNIER, AND J. C. SALLES. 2000. Changes in primary and secondary growth as influenced by crop load effects in 'Fantasme®' apricot trees. Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology 75: 510-519.
21. COSTES, E., AND Y. GUÉDON. 2002. Modelling branching patterns on 1-year-old trunks of six apple cultivars. Annals of Botany 89: 513-524.
22. COSTES, E., H. SINOQUET, J. J. KELNER, AND C. GODIN. 2003. Exploring within-tree architectural development of two apple tree cultivars over 6 years. Annals of Botany 91: 91-104.
23. CRABBÉ, J. 1969. Répartition spatiale et caractéristiques de la croissance des ramifications suscitées par l'arcure de la pousse d'un an de boutures de pommier. Bulletin de Recherche Agronomique de Gembloux 4: 220-239.
24. CRABBÉ, J. 1981. The interference of bud dormancy in the morphogenesis of trees and shrubs. Acta Horticulturae 120: 167-172.
25. CRABBÉ, J. 1984. Vegetative vigor control over location and fate of flower buds, in fruit trees. Acta Horticulturae 149: 55-63.
26. CRABBÉ, J. 1985. Aspects of the apical control on branching on one-yearold caulinary axes of woody plants. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae, Brno, Czechoslovakia 33: 555-560.
27. CRABBÉ, J., AND J. A. ESCOBEDO- ALVAREZ. 1991. Activités méristématiques et cadre temporel assurant la transformation florale des bourgeons chez le Pommier (Malus Xdomestica Borkh., cv. Golden Delicious). In C. Edelin [ed.], L'arbre, biologie et développement, 2ème Colloque International sur l'Arbre, 369-379. Naturalia Monspeliensia, Hors Série, Montpellier, France.
28. CRABBÉ, J., AND H. LAKHOUA. 1978. Arcure et gravimorphisme chez le Pommier. Mise en évidence d'effets gravimorphiques sur bourgeons isolés, après induction de ces effets en diverses conditions. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique et Biologie Végétale 19: 126-140.
29. DENNIS, F. G. 1986. Apple. In S. P. Monselise [ed.], CRC Handbook of fruit set and development, 1-44. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.
30. FISHER, J. B. 1984. Tree architecture: relationships between structure and function. In R. A. White et al. [eds.], Contemporary problems in plant anatomy, 541-589. Academic Press, New York, New York, USA.
31. FORSHEY, C. G., AND D. C. ELFVING. 1989. The relationship between vegetative growth and fruiting in apple trees. Horticultural Reviews 11: 229-287.
32. FORSHEY, C. G., D. C. ELFVING, AND R. L. STEBBINS. 1992. Training and pruning apple and pear trees. American Society for Horticultural Science, Alexandria, Virginia, USA.
33. FULFORD, R. M. 1966. The morphogenesis of apple buds. IV. The effect of fruit. Annals of Botany 30: 597-606.
34. GREENE, D. W., AND W. R. AUTIO. 1994. Notching techniques increase branching of young apple trees. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 119: 678-682.
35. GUÉDÈS, M. 1977. L'anticipation des bourgeons et des rameaux - Esquisse morphologique. Botanische Jahrbücher 3: 336-361.
36. GUÉDON, Y., D. BARTHÉLÉMY, Y. CARAGLIO, AND E. COSTES. 2001. Pattern analysis in branching and axillary flowering sequences. Journal of Theoretical Biology 212: 481-520.
37. HALLÉ, F., R. A. A. OLDEMAN, AND P. B. TOMLINSON. 1978. Tropical trees and forests. An architectural analysis. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
38. HUANG, H. 1996. Flower bud development in apple trees as related to node formation. Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research 4: 95-107.
39. 14C double-labelling experiment on differentially shaded branches. Plant, Cell & Environment 27: 1159-1168.
40. LAKHOUA, H., AND J. CRABBÉ. 1975. Arcure et gravimorphisme chez le Pommier. III. Effets de diverses époques d'arcure échelonnées de l'automne au débourrement printanier. Bulletin de Recherche Agronomique de Gembloux 10: 65-74.
41. LAURI, P. É., AND J. M. LESPINASSE. 2001. Genotype of apple trees affects growth and fruiting responses to shoot bending at various times of year. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 126: 169-174.
42. LAURI, P. É., K. MAGUYLO, AND C. TROTTIER. 2006. Architecture and size relations - an essay on apple (Malus X domestica, Rosaceae) tree. American Journal of Botany 93: 357-368.
43. LAURI, P. É., AND É. TÉ ROUANNE. 1998. The influence of shoot growth on the pattern of axillary development on the long shoots of young apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.). International Journal of Plant Sciences 159: 283-296.
44. LAURI, P. É., AND É. TÉ ROUANNE. 1999. Effects of inflorescence removal on the fruit set of the remaining inflorescences and development of the laterals on one year old apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) branches. Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology 74(2): 110-117.
45. LAURI, P. É., É. TÉROUANNE, AND J. M. LESPINASSE. 1996. Quantitative analysis of relationships between inflorescence size, bearing-axis size and fruit-set: an apple tree case study. Annals of Botany 77: 277-286.
46. LAURI, P. É., É. TÉROUANNE, AND J. M. LESPINASSE. 1997. Relationship between the early development of apple fruiting branches and the regularity of bearing - an approach to the strategies of various cultivars. Journal of Horticultural Science 72: 519-530.
47. LAURI, P. É., É. TÉROUANNE, J. M. LESPINASSE, J. L. REGNARD, AND J. J. KELNER. 1995. Genotypic differences in the axillary bud growth and fruiting pattern of apple fruiting branches over several years-an approach to regulation of fruit bearing. Scientia Horticulturae 64: 264-281.
48. LAURI, P. É., AND C. TROTTIER. 2004. Patterns of size and fate relationships of contiguous organs in the apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) crown. New Phytologist 163: 533-546.
49. LESCOURRET, F., O. INIZAN, AND M. GÉ NARD. 2000. Analyse de l'étalement temporal de la floraison et influence sur la variabilité intra-arbre de la chute et de la croissance précoce des pêches. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 80: 129-136.
50. LESPINASSE, J. M., AND J. F. DELORT. 1986. Apple tree management in VERTICAL AXIS: appraisal after ten years of experiments. Acta Horticulturae 160: 120-155.
51. LOONEY, N. E., AND W. D. LANE. 1984. Spur-type growth mutants of McIntosh apple: a review of their genetics, physiology and field performance. Acta Horticulturae 146: 31-46.
52. NOVOPLANSKY, A. 2003. Ecological implications of the determination of branch hierarchies. New Phytologist 160: 111-118.
53. POWELL, G. R. 1995. The role of acrotony in reproductive development in Picea. Tree Physiology 15: 491-498.
54. PRATT, C. 1988. Apple flower and fruit: morphology and anatomy. Horticultural Reviews 10: 273-308.
55. PRATT, C. 1990. Apple trees: morphology and anatomy. Horticultural Reviews 12: 265-305.
56. PUNTIERI, J. G., M. STECCONI, AND D. BARTHÉLÉMY. 2002. Preformation and neoformation in shoots of Nothofagus antarctica (G. Forster) Oerst. (Nothofagaceae) shrubs from northern Patagonia. Annals of Botany 89: 665-673.
57. RIVALS, P. 1965. Essai sur la croissance des arbres et sur leurs systèmes de floraison (application aux espèces fruitières). Journal d'Agriculture Tropicale Botanique Appliquée 12: 655-686.
58. SCHMITZ, G., AND K. THERES. 2005. Shoot and inflorescence branching. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 8: 506-511.
59. SHIMIZU-SATO, S., AND H. MORI. 2001. Control of outgrowth and dormancy in axillary buds. Plant Physiology 127: 1405-1413.
60. SPRUGEL, D. G., T. M. HINCKLEY, AND W. SCHAAP. 1991. The theory and practice of branch autonomy. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 22: 309-334.
61. STATSOFT FRANCE. 2005. STATISTICA (software for data analysis), version 7.1. www.statsoft.fr.
62. STIRNBERG, P., S. P. CHATFIELD, AND H. M. O. LEYSER. 1999. AXR1 acts after lateral bud formation to inhibit lateral bud growth in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 121: 839-847.
63. TANTIKANJANA, T., J. W. H. YONG, D. S. LETHAM, M. GRIFFITH, M. HUSSAIN, K. LJUNG, G. SANDBERG, AND V. SUNDARESAN. 2001. Control of axillary bud initiation and shoot architecture in Arabidopsis through the SUPERSHOOT gene. Gene & Development 15: 1577-1588.
64. VINCENT, G. 1995. Étude expérimentale de la ramification acrotone d'un Pelargonium ligneux (géranium rosat). Canadian Journal of Botany 73: 1557-1566.
65. WALSH, C. S. 1979. The effects of node position, shoot vigor, and strain on 'Delicious' apple spur development. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 104: 825-828.
66. WAREING, P. F., AND T. A. A. NASR. 1961. Gravimorphism in trees. I. Effect of gravity on growth and apical dominance in fruit trees. Annals of Botany, NS, 25: 321-340.
67. WATSON, M. A. 1986. Integrated physiological units in plants. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 1: 119-123.
68. WILSON, B. F. 2000. Apical control of branch growth and angle in woody plants. American Journal of Botany 87: 601-607.
69. WILSON, B. F., AND B. L. GARTNER. 2002. Effects of phloem girdling in conifers on apical control of branches, growth allocation and air in wood. Tree Physiology 22: 347-353.