Variable wood formation and adaptation to the alpine environment of Ephedra pachyclada (Gnetales: Ephedraceae) in the Mustang district, western Nepal

Annals of Botany

Volumn 100, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 315-324

  Motomura, Hiroyuki ^a   Noshiro, Shuichi ^b   Mikage, Masayuki ^c  

^a DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY   (Japan)

^b FORESTRY AND FOREST PRODUCTS RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Japan)

^c KANAZAWA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Ephedra pachyclada; Gnetales; Habitat altitude; Plant height; Stem diameter; Tracheary element length; Vessel loss; Wood formation

Indexed keywords

WATER;

ADAPTATION; ALPINE ENVIRONMENT; ALTITUDE; DICOTYLEDON; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; SHOOT GROWTH; XYLEM;

ACCLIMATIZATION; ALTITUDE; ARTICLE; ECOSYSTEM; EPHEDRA; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; HISTOLOGY; NEPAL; PHYSIOLOGY; WOOD;

ACCLIMATIZATION; ALTITUDE; ECOSYSTEM; EPHEDRA; NEPAL; WATER; WOOD;

ASIA; DHAULAGIRI; EURASIA; MUSTANG; NEPAL; SOUTH ASIA;

DICOTYLEDONEAE; EPHEDRA; EPHEDRA PACHYCLADA; EPHEDRACEAE; GNETALES; MAGNOLIOPHYTA;

EID: 34547814633     PISSN: 03057364     EISSN: 10958290     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcm111     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Baas P. 1973. The wood anatomical range in Ilex (Aquifoliaceae) and its ecological and phylogenetic significance. Blumea 21: 193-258.
2. Bailey IW. 1920. The cambium and its derivative tissues. II. Size variations of cambial initials in gymnosperms and angiosperms. American Journal of Botany 7: 355-367.
3. Bailey IW, Tupper WW. 1918. Size variation in tracheary cells. I. A comparison between the secondary xylems of vascular cryptogams, gymnosperms, and angiosperms. Proceeding of the American of Arts and Science 54: 149-204.
4. Bauch J, Liese W, Schultze R. 1972. The morphological variability of the bordered pit membranes in gymnosperms. Wood Science and Technology 6: 165-184.
5. Carlquist S. 1988. Near-vessellessness in Ephedra and its significance. American Journal of Botany 75: 598-601.
6. Carlquist S. 1989. Wood and bark anatomy of the new world species of Ephedra. Aliso 12: 441-483.
7. Carlquist S. 1992. Wood, bark, and pith anatomy of old world species of Ephedra and summary for the genus. Aliso 13: 255-295.
8. Carlquist S. 1996. Wood, bark, and stem anatomy of Gnetales: a summary. International Journal of Plant Science 157: S58-S76.
9. Carlquist S. 2001. Comparative wood anatomy, 2nd edn. Berlin: Springer.
10. Catesson AM, Funada R, Robert-Baby D, Quinet-Szély M, Chu-Bâ J, Goldberg R. 1994. Biochemical and cytochemical cell wall changes across the cambial zone. IAWA Journal 15: 91-101.
11. Chattaway MM. 1936. Relation between fibre and cambial initial length in dicotyledonous woods. Tropical Woods no. 46: 16-20.
12. Davis SD, Sperry JS, Hacke UG. 1999. The relationship between xylem conduit diameter and cavitation caused by freezing. American Journal of Botany 86: 1367-1372.
13. Department of Hydrology and Meteorology. 1988. Climatological records of Nepal, 1985-1986. Kathmandu: HMG Nepal.
14. Department of Irrigation, Hydrology and Meteorology. 1977. Climatological records of Nepal, Vol. 1. 1971-1975. Kathmandu: HMG Nepal.
15. Department of Irrigation, Hydrology and Meteorology. 1982. Climatological records of Nepal, Vol. 1. 1976-1980. Kathmandu: HMG Nepal.
16. Department of Irrigation, Hydrology and Meteorology. 1984. Climatological records of Nepal, Vol. 1. 1981-1982. Kathmandu: HMG Nepal.
17. Department of Irrigation, Hydrology and Meteorology. 1986. Climatological records of Nepal, Vol. 1. 1983-1984. Kathmandu: HMG Nepal.
18. Esau K. 1953. Plant anatomy. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons.
19. Evert RF. 2006. Esau's plant antomy, 3rd edn. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
20. van der Graaff NA, Baas P. 1974. Wood anatomical variation in relation to latitude and altitude. Blumea 22: 101-121.
21. Hargrave KR, Kolb KJ, Ewers FW, Davis SD. 1994. Conduit diameter and drought-induced embolism in Salvia mellifera Greene (Labiatae). New Phytologist 126: 695-705.
22. Ivanov LA, Ivanova LA, Ronzhina DA, Chechulin ML, Tserenkhand G, Gunin PD, et al. 2004. Structural and functional grounds for Ephedra sinica expansion in Mongolian steppe ecosystem. Russina Journal of Plant Physiology 51: 469-475.
23. Lewis J. 1978. Ephedra L. In: Hara H, Stearn WT, Williams LHJ eds. An enumeration of the flowering plants of Nepal, Vol. 1. London: British Museum (Natural History), 24.
24. Liu JQ, Noshiro S. 2003. Lack of latitudinal trends in wood anatomy of Dodonaea viscosa (Sapindaceae), a species with a worldwide distribution. American Journal of Botany 90: 532-539.
25. Matsuoka N. 1984. Frost shattering of bedrocks in the periglacial regions of the Nepal Himalaya. Seppyo 46: 19-25.
26. Mauseth JD. 2006. Structure-function relationships in highly modified shoots of Cactaceae. Annals of Botany 98: 901-926.
27. Mauseth JD, Plemons BJ. 1995. Developmentally variable, polymorphic woods in cacti. American Journal of Botany 82: 1199-1205.
28. Mellerowicz EJ, Baucher M, Sundberg B, Boerjan W. 2001. Unravelling cell wall formation in the woody dicot stem. Plant Molecular Biology 47: 239-274.
29. Metcalfe CR, Chalk L. 1983. Anatomy of the dicotyledons, 2nd edn, Vol. II. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
30. Noshiro S, Baas P. 2000. Latitudinal trends in wood anatomy within species and genera: case study in Cornus s.l. (Cornaceae). American Journal of Botany 87: 1495-1506.
31. Noshiro S, Suzuki M. 1995. Ecological wood anatomy of Nepalese Rhododendron (Ericaceae). 2. Intraspecific variation. Journal of Plant Research 108: 217-233.
32. Noshiro S, Suzuki M. 2001. Ontogenetic wood anatomy of tree and subtree species of Nepalese Rhododendron (Ericaceae) and characterization of shrub species. American Journal of Botany 88: 560-569.
33. Noshiro S, Joshi L, Suzuki M. 1994. Ecological wood anatomy of Alnus nepalensis(Betulaceae) in East Nepal. Journal of Plant Research 107: 399-408.
34. Noshiro S, Suzuki M, Ohba H. 1995. Ecological wood anatomy of Nepalese Rhododendron (Ericaceae). 1. Interspecific variation. Journal of Plant Research 108: 1-9.
35. van den Oever L, Baas P, Zandee M. 1981. Comparative wood anatomy of Symplocos and latitude and altitude of provenance. IAWA Bulletin new series 2: 3-24.
36. Price RA. 1996. Systematics of the Gnetales: a review of morphological and molecular evidence. International Journal of Plant Science 157: S40-49.
37. Sastrapradja DS, Lamoureux C. 1969. Variation in wood anatomy of Hawaiian Metrosideros (Myrtaceae). Annales Bogorienses 5: 1-83.
38. Sperry JS. 2003. Evolution of water transport and xylem structure. International Journal of Plant Science 164: S115-S127.
39. Sperry JS, Saliendra NZ. 1994. Intra- and inter-plant variation in xylem cavitation in Betula occidentalis. Plant, Cell and Environment 17: 1233-1241.
40. Sperry JS, Nichols KL, Sullivan JEM, Eastlack SE. 1994. Xylem embolism in ring-porous, diffuse-porous, and coniferous trees of northern Utah and interior Alaska. Ecology 75: 1736-1752.
41. Sperry JS, Hacke UG, Pittermann J. 2006. Size and function in conifer tracheids and angiosperm vessels. American Journal of Botany 93: 1490-1500.
42. Thompson WP. 1912. The anatomy and relationships of the Gnetales. Annals of Botany 26: 1077-1104.
43. Thompson WP. 1918. Independent evolution of vessels in Gnetales and Angiosperms. Botanical Gazette 65: 83-90.
44. Tyree MT, Zimmermann MH. 2002. Xylem structure and the ascent of sap, 2nd edn. Berlin: Springer.
45. Tyree MT, Davis DD, Cochard H. 1994. Biophysical perspectives of xylem evolution: is there a tradeoff of hydraulic efficiency for vulnerability to dysfunction? IAWA Journal 15: 335-360.