Authoritarian nostalgia in Asia

Journal of Democracy

Volumn 18, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 66-80

  Chang, Yu Tzung ^a,b   Chu, Yun Han ^b,c   Park, Chong Min ^d,e  

^a NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^b Asian Barometer   (South Korea)

^c INSTITUTE OF POLITICAL SCIENCE   (Taiwan)

^d Korea University   (South Korea)

^e Asian Barometer Survey   (South Korea)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 34547789249     PISSN: 10455736     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1353/jod.2007.0043     Document Type: Review

References (30)

1. Juan J. Linz and Alfred C. Stepan, The Breakdown of Democratic Regimes (Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 1978).
2. See Larry Diamond, Developing Democracy: Toward Consolidation (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999), 65.
3. The Asian Barometer Survey (ABS) represents the region's first collaborative initiative to develop a regional network of democracy studies based on surveying ordinary citizens. Between June 2001 and February 2003, the ABS surveyed eight East Asian countries and territories: Japan, South Korea, Mongolia, Taiwan, the Philippines, Thailand, Hong Kong, and China. The ABS launched its second-round survey in October 2005, enlarging its geographical scope to cover five more countries in the region. By March 2007 the fieldwork in South Korea, Mongolia, Taiwan, the Philippines, Thailand, and Indonesia had been completed, and the surveys in China, Hong Kong, Japan, Indonesia, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, and Singapore were still underway. The ABS survey in Thailand was conducted in April and May of 2006, just four months before the military coup. All ABS data were collected through face-to-face interviews of randomly selected eligible voters in each participating country. For further details, visit www.asianbarometer.org.
4. Yun-han Chu, Larry Diamond, and Doh Chull Shin, "Halting Progress in Korea and Taiwan," Journal of Democracy 12 (January 2001): 122-36;
5. Doh Chull Shin, "Democratization: Perspectives from Global Citizenries," in Russell Dalton and Hans-Dieter Klingemann, eds., The Oxford Handbook of Political Behavior (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), 259-82.
6. Robert Adcock and David Collier, "Measurement Validity: A Shared Standard for Qualitative and Quantitative Research," American Political Science Review 95 (September 2001): 538.
7. William Mishler and Richard Rose, "What Are the Political Consequences of Trust? A Test of Cultural and Institutional Theories in Russia," Comparative Political Studies 38 (November 2005): 1050-78;
8. Doh Chull Shin and Jason Wells, "Is Democracy the Only Game in Town?" Journal of Democracy 16 (April 2005): 88-101.
9. The ABS asks: "Here is a scale: 1 means complete dictatorship and 10 means complete democracy. To what extent would you want our country to be democratic now?"
10. The exact wording of the item reads: "Here is a similar scale of 1 to 10 measuring the extent to which people think democracy is suitable for our country. If T means that democracy is completely unsuitable for [name of country] today and '10' means that it is completely suitable, where would you place our country today?"
11. Respondents were asked: "Which of the following statements comes closer to your own view? 'Democracy cannot solve our society's problems,' or 'Democracy is capable of solving the problems of our society.'"
12. The ABS asks the respondents: "If you had to choose between democracy and economic development, which would you say is more important?"
13. Richard Rose, William Mishler, and Christian Haerpfer, Democracy and Its Alternatives: Understanding Post-Communist Societies (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998), 31.
14. Lucian W. Pye, Asian Power and Politics (Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap, 1985);
15. Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1996).
16. Latinobarómetro, Latinobarômetro Report 2005 (Santiago de Chile: Corporación, 2005).
17. See, for example, Michael Bratton and Eric CC. Chang, "State Building and Democratization in Sub-Saharan Africa: Forwards, Backward, or Together?" Comparative Political Studies 39 (November 2006): 1059-83;
18. Geoffrey Evans and Stephen Whitefield, "The Politics and Economics of Democratic Commitment: Support for Democracy in Transition Societies," British Journal of Political Science 25 (October 1995): 485-514.
19. Adam Przeworski, Democracy and the Market: Political and Economic Reform in Eastern Europe and Latin America (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991), 184;
20. Herbert Kitschelt, "The Formation of Party Systems in East Central Europe," Politics and Society 20 (March 1992): 7-50.
21. Stephen Whitefield and Geoffrey Evans, "Political Culture versus Rational Choice: Explaining Responses to Transition in the Czech Republic and Slovakia," British Journal of Political Science 29 (January 1999): 129-54;
22. Pamela Waldron-Morre, "Eastern Europe at the Crossroads of Democratic Transition: Evaluating Support for Democratic Institutions, Satisfaction with Democratic Government, and Consolidation of Democratic Regimes," Comparative Political Studies 32 (February 1999): 32-62.
23. Robert Mattes and Michael Bratton, "Learning about Democracy in Africa: Awareness, Performance, and Experience," American Journal of Political Science 51 (January 2007): 192-217.
24. Space does not permit presentation of the table with our results on these performance dimensions. That may be found at www.journalofdemocracy.org.
25. When all the cases for the five new democracies were pooled together, the correlation coefficients came to -0.22 for the first-wave ABS and -0.19 for the second-wave ABS.
26. Eric Chang and Yun-han Chu, "Corruption and Trust: Exceptionalism in Asian Democracies?" Journal of Politics 68 (May 2006): 259-71.
27. Francis Fukuyama, "The Illusion of Asian Exceptionalism," in Larry Diamond and Marc F. Plattner, eds., Democracy in East Asia (Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 1998).
28. Most notable are Pye, Asian Power and Politics, as well as Daniel A. Bell et al., eds., Towards Illiberal Democracy in Pacific Asia (New York: St. Martin's, 1995).
29. Chong-Min Park and Doh Chull Shin, "Do Asian Values Deter Popular Support for Democracy in South Korea?" Asian Survey 46 (May-June 2006): 341-61.
30. For instance, on whether "democracy is always preferable," the mean support across East Asia's five new democratic regimes was 59 percent in 2001-2003 and 51 percent in 2005-2006. This is very close to the 53 percent average in Latin America in 2005 and in Eastern Europe recently. Richard Rose, Insiders and Outsiders: New Europe Barometer 2004 (Centre for the Study of Public Policy, Glasgow, 2005), 68.