Palladium from catalytic converters: Exposure levels and human risk

Palladium Emissions in the Environment: Analytical Methods, Environmental Assessment and Health Effects

Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 565-574

  Wiseman, Clare L S ^a  

^a GOETHE UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 34547654550     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/3-540-29220-9_38     Document Type: Chapter

References (37)

1. Artelt S, König H-P, Levsen K, Rosner G (1999) Quantitative Motorstand-Reihenuntersuchungen zur Bestimmung der Platinemissionen aus Automobilabgaskatalysatoren. In: Zereini F & Alt F (eds): Emissionen von Platinmetallen Analytik, Umwelt- und Gesundheitsrelevanz. Springer Verlag, Berlin: 117- 128.
2. Barbante C, Veysseyre A, Ferrari C, Van de Velde K, Morel C, Capodaglio G, Cescon P, Scarponi G, Boutron C (2001) Greenland snow evidence of large scale atmospheric contamination for platinum, palladium, and rhodium. Environ Sci Technol 35: 835-839.
3. Begerow J, Turfeld M, Dunemann L (1997) Determination of physiological palladium, platinum, iridium and gold levels in human blood using double focusing magnetic sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. J Anal At Spectrom 12: 1095-1098.
4. Bünger J, Stork J, Stalder K (1996) Cyto- and genotoxic effects of coordination complexes of platinum, palladium and rhodium in vitro. Int Arch. Occup Environ Health 69: 33-38.
5. Caroli S, Alimonti A, Petrucci F, Bocca B, Krachler M, Forastiere F, Sacerdote MT, Mallone S (2001) Assessment of exposure to platinum-group metals in urban children. Spectrochim Acta, Part B 56: 1241-1248.
6. Ek KH, Morrison GM, Rauch S (2004a) Environmental routes for platinum group elements to biological materials - A review. Sci Total Environ 334-335: 21-38.
7. Ek KH, Rauch S, Morrison GM, Lindberg P (2004b) Platinum group elements in raptor eggs, faeces, blood, liver and kidney. Sci Total Environ 334-335: 149- 159.
8. Fischer FR, Holbrook DJ Jr, Leake HB, Brubaker PE (1975) Effects of platinum and palladium salts on thymidine incorporation into DNA of rat tissues. Environ Health Perspect 12:57-62.
9. Gebel T, Lantzsch H, Pleßow K, Dunkelberg H (1997) Genotoxicity of platinum and palladium compounds in human and bacterial cells. Mutat Res 389: 183- 190.
10. Gómez B, Palacios MA, Gómez M, Sanchez JL, Morrison G, Rauch S, McLeod C, Ma R, Caroli S, Alimonti A, Petrucci F, Bocca B, Schramel P, Zischka M, Petterson C, Wass U (2002) Levels and risk assessment for humans and ecosystems of platinum-group elements in the airborne particles and road dust of some European cities. Sci Total Environ 299: 1-19.
11. Jarvis KE, Parry SJ, Piper JM (2001) Temporal and spatial studies of autocatalystderived platinum, rhodium, and palladium and selected vehicle-derived trace elements in the environment. Environ Sci Technol 35: 1031-1036.
12. Kanitsar K, Köllensperger G, Hann S, Limbeck A, Puxbaum H, Stingeder G (2003) Determination of Pt, Pd and Rh by inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry (ICP-SFMS) in size-classified urban aerosol samples. J Anal At. Spectrom 18: 239-246.
13. Kielhorn J, Melber C, Keller D, Mangelsdorf I (2002) Palladium - A review of exposure and effects to human health. Int J Hyg Environ Health 205: 417-432.
14. Kränke B, Binder M, Derhaschnig J, Komericki P, Pirkhammer D, Ziegler V, Aberer W (1995) Epikutantestung mit der Standardreihe Österreich- Testepidemiologische Kenngrößen und Ergebnisse. Wien Klin Wochenschr 107: 323-330.
15. Leniewska BA, Godlewska-kiewicz B, Bocca B, Caimi S, Caroli S, Hulanicki A (2004) Platinum, palladium and rhodium content in road dust, tunnel dust and common grass in Biaystok area (Poland): A pilot study. Sci Total Environ 321: 93-104.
16. Merget R, Rosner G (2001) Evaluation of the health risk of platinum group metals emitted from automotive catalytic converters. Sci Total Environ 270: 165-173.
17. Moldovan M, Rauch S, Gómez M, Palacios M, Morrision GM (2001) Bioaccumulation of palladium, platinum and rhodium from urban particulates and sediments by the freshwater isopod Asellus aquaticus. Water Res 35: 4175-4183.
18. Moldovan M, Palacios MA, Gómez MM, Morrison G, Rauch S, McLeod C, Ma R, Caroli S, Alimonti A, Petrucci F, Bocca B, Schramel P, Zischka M, Pettersson C, Wass U, Luna M, Saenz JC, Santamaría J (2002) Environmental risk of particulate and soluble platinum group elements released from gasoline and diesel engine catalytic converters. Sci Total Environ 296: 199-208.
19. Orion E, Matz H, Wolf R (2003) Palladium allergy in an Israeli contact dermatitis clinic. Contact Dermatitis 49: 216-217.
20. Palacios MA, Gómez MM, Moldovan M, Morrison G, Rauch S, McLeod C, Ma R, Laserna J, Lucena P, Caroli S, Alimonti A, Schramel P, Lustig S, Wass U, Stenbom B, Luna M, Saenz JC, Santamaría J, Torrens JM (2000) Platinum group elements: quantification in collected exhaust fumes and studies of catalytic surfaces. Sci Total Environ 257: 1-15.
21. Petrucci F, Bocca B, Alimonti A, Caroli S (2000) Determination of Pd, Pt and Rh in airborne particulate and road dust by high resoluation ICP-MS: A preliminary investigation of the emission from automotive catalysts in the urban area of Rome. J Anal Atom Spectrom 15: 525-528.
22. Rodushkin I, Ödman F, Branth S (1999) Multielement analysis of whole blood by high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Fresenius J Anal Chem 364: 338-346.
23. Roshchin AV, Veselov VG, Panova AI (1984) Industrial toxicology of metals of the platinum group. J Hyg Epidemiol Microbiol Immunol 28: 17-24.
24. Schäfer J, Hannker D, Eckhardt J-D, Stüben D (1998) Uptake of traffic-related heavy metals and platinum group elements (PGE) by plants. Sci Total Environ 215: 59-67.
25. Scheff PA, Wadden RA, Ticho KKL, Nakonechniy JJ, Prodanchuk M, Hryhorczuk DO (1997) Toxic air pollutants in Chernivtsi, Ukraine. Environ Int 23: 273- 290.
26. Schlögl R, Indlekofer G, Oelhafen P (1987) Mikropartikelemissionen von Verbrennungsmotoren mit Abgasreinigung-Röntgen- Photoelektronenspektroskopie in der Umweltanalytik. Angew Chem 99: 312-322.
27. Schroeder HA, Mitchener M (1971) Scandium, chromium (VI), gallium, yttrium, rhodium, palladium, indium in mice: effects on growth and life span. J Nutr 101: 1431-1438.
28. Sures B, Zimmermann S, Messerschmidt J, von Bohlen A, Alt F (2001) First report on the uptake of automobile catalyst emitted palladium by European eels (Anguilla anguilla) following experimental exposure to road dust. Environ Pollut 113: 341-345.
29. Sures B, Zimmermann S, Messerschmidt J, von Bohlen A (2002) Relevance and analysis of traffic related platinum group metals (Pt, Pd, Rh) in the aquatic biosphere, with emphasis on palladium. Ecotoxicology 11: 385-392.
30. Tilch J, Schuster M, Schwarzer M (2000) Determination of palladium in airborne particulate matter in a German city. Fresenius J Anal Chem 367: 450-453.
31. Whiteley JD, Murray F (2003) Anthropogenic platinum group element (Pt, Pd and Rh) concentrations in road dusts and roadside soils from Perth, Western Australia. Sci Total Environ 317: 121-135.
32. World Health Organization (2002) Environmental Health Criteria 226 - Palladium. World Health Organization, International Programme on Chemical Safety, Geneva.
33. Zereini F, Skerstupp B, Alt F, Helmers E, Urban H (1997) Geochemical behavior of platinum-group elements (PGE) in particulate emissions by automobileexhaust catalysts: experimental results and environmental investigations. Sci Total Environ 206: 137-146.
34. Zereini F, Golwer A (1999) Geochemisches Verhalten von Platinmetallen aus Autoabgaskatalysatoren in Sedimenten und im Wasser aus einem Versickerbecken. In: Zereini F & Alt F (eds): Emissionen von Platinmetallen - Analytik, Umwelt - und Gesundheitsrelevanz. Springer-Verlag, Berlin: 259-266.
35. Zereini F, Wiseman C, Alt F, Messerschmidt J, Müller J, Urban H (2001a) Platinum and rhodium concentrations in airborne particulate matter in Germany from 1988 to 1998. Environ Sci Technol 35: 1996-2000.
36. Zereini F, Wiseman C, Beyer J, Artelt S, Urban H (2001b) Platinum, lead and cerium concentrations of street particulate matter (Frankfurt am Main, Germany). J Soils & Sediments 1: 188-195.
37. Zereini F, Alt F, Messerschmidt J, Wiseman C, Feldmann I, von Bohlen A, Müller J, Liebl K, Püttmann W (2005) Concentration and particle size distribution of road-specific heavy metals in urban airborne particulate matter. Env Sci Technol, 39: 2983-2989.