Frontal release signs and cognition in people with schizophrenia, their siblings and healthy controls

British Journal of Psychiatry

Volumn 191, Issue AUG., 2007, Pages 120-125

  Hyde, Thomas M ^a,b   Goldberg, Terry E ^a   Egan, Michael F ^a   Lener, Marc C ^a   Weinberger, Daniel R ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH   (United States)

^b NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; COGNITION; CONTROLLED STUDY; FAMILY STUDY; FEMALE; FRONTAL CORTEX; FRONTAL LOBE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; SCHIZOAFFECTIVE PSYCHOSIS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SIBLING;

ADULT; BRAIN DISEASES; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; COGNITION DISORDERS; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; FEMALE; FRONTAL LOBE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; OBSERVER VARIATION; RISK FACTORS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SIBLINGS;

EID: 34547619240     PISSN: 00071250     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.106.026773     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Arango, C., Bartko, J. J., Gold, J. M., et al (1999) Prediction of neuropsychological performance by neurological signs in schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156, 1349-1357.
2. Barnes, T. R., Crichton, P., Nelson, H. E., et al (1995) Primitive (developmental) reflexes, tardive dyskinesia and intellectual impairment in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 16, 47-52.
3. Benton, A. L., des Hamsher, K., Varney, N. R., et al (1983) Contributions to Neuropsychological Assessment. Oxford University Press.
4. Bersani, G., Clemente, R., Gherardelli, S., et al (2004) Deficit of executive functions in schizophrenia: relationship to neurological soft signs and psychopathology. Psychopathology, 37, 118-123.
5. Bleuler, E. (1950) Dementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias. (trans. J. Zinkin), pp. 170-180. International Universities Press.
6. Braff, D. L. (1993) Information processing and attention dysfunctions in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 19, 233-259.
7. Braun, C. M., Lapierre, D., Hodgins, S., et al (1995) Neurological soft signs in schizophrenia: are they related to negative or positive symptoms, neuropsychological performance, and violence? Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 10, 489-509.
8. Browne, S., Clarke, M., Gervin, M., et al (2000) Determinants of neurological dysfunction in first episode schizophrenia. Psychological Medicine, 30, 1433-1441.
9. Buchanan, R. W. & Heinrichs, D. W. (1989) The Neurological Evaluation Scale (NES) a structured instrument for the assessment of neurological signs in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 27, 335-350.
10. Cuesta, M. J., Peralta, V., Zarzuela, A., et al (2002) Neurological soft-signs in psychosis: threshold criteria for discriminating normal controls and for predicting cognitive impairment. Schizophrenia Research, 58, 263-271.
11. Dazzan, P., Morgan, K. D., Orr, K. G., et al (2004) The structural brain correlates of neurological soft signs in AESOP first-episode psychoses study. Brain, 127, 143-153.
12. Egan, M. F., Goldberg, T. E., Gscheidle, T., et al (2000) Relative risk of attention deficits in siblings of patients with schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 1309-1316.
13. Egan, M. F., Goldberg, T. E., Gscheidle, T., et al (2001a) Relative risk for cognitive impairments in siblings of patients with schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry, 50, 98-107.
14. Egan, M. F., Hyde, T. M., Bonomo, J. B., et al (2001b) Relative risk of neurological signs in siblings of patients with schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 158, 1827-1834.
15. Fellick, J. M., Thomson, A. P., Sills, J., et al (2001) Neurological soft signs in mainstream pupils. Archives of Diseases in Childhood, 85, 371-374.
16. First, M. B., Gibbon, M., Spitzer, R. L., et al (1996) Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders Research Version (SCID-I). New York State Psychiatric Institute, Biometrics Research.
17. Franke, P., Maier, W., Hain, C., et al (1992) Wisconsin Card Sorting Test: an indicator of vulnerability to schizophrenia? Schizophrenia Research, 6, 243-249.
18. Gladstone, D. J. & Black, S. E. (2002) The neurological examination in aging, dementia and cerebrovascular disease. Part 4. Reflexes and sensory examination. Sociedade Brasileira de Geratria e Gerontologia, 5, 41-57
19. Goldberg, T. E., Egan, M. F., Gscheidle, T., et al (2003) Executive subprocessing in working memory. Relationship to catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met genotype and schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60, 889-896.
20. Gourion, D., Goldberger, C., Bourdel, M. C., et al (2003) Neurological soft-signs and minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia: differential transmission within families. Schizophrenia Research, 63, 181-187.
21. Gourion, D., Goldberger, C., Olie, J.P., et al (2004) Neurological and morphological anomalies and the genetic liability to schizophrenia: a composite phenotype. Schizophrenia Research, 67, 23-31.
22. Gupta, S., Andreasen, N. C., Arndt, S., et al (1995) Neurological soft signs in neuroleptic-naive and neuroleptic-treated schizophrenic patients and in normal comparison subjects. American Journal of Psychiatry, 152, 191-196.
23. Harrison, P. J. & Weinberger, D. R. (2005) Schizophrenia genes, gene expression, and neuropathology: on the matter of their convergence. Molecular Psychiatry, 10, 40-68.
24. Heaton, R. K. (1981) Wisconsin Card Sorting Test Manual. Psychological Assessment Resources.
25. Isakov, E., Sazbon, L., Costeff, H., et al (1984) The diagnostic value of three common primitive reflexes. European Neurology, 23, 17-21.
26. Ismail, B., Cantor-Graae, E. & McNeil, T. F. (1998) Neurological abnormalities in schizophrenic patients and their siblings. American Journal of Psychiatry, 155, 84-89.
27. Jastak, S. & Wilkinson, G. S. (1984) The Wide Range Achievement Test, Revised. Jastak Associates.
28. Johnstone, E. C., Macmillan, J. F., Frith, C. D., et al (1990) Further investigation of the predictors of outcome following first schizophrenic episodes. British Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 182-189.
29. Kennard, M. A. (1960) Value of equivocal signs in neurologic diagnosis. Neurology, 10, 753-764.
30. Kinney, D. K., Woods, B. T. & Yurgelun-Todd, D. (1986) Neurologic abnormalities in schizophrenic patients and their families. Archives of General Psychiatry, 43, 665-668.
31. Kraepelin, E. (1971) Dementia Praecox and Paraphrenia (trans. R. M. Barclay, ed. G. M. Robertson), pp. 77-83. Krieger.
32. Lawrie, S. M., Byrne, M., Miller, P., et al (2001) Neurodevelopmental indices and the development of psychotic symptoms in subjects at high risk of schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 178, 524-530.
33. Liddle, P. F. (1987) Schizophrenic syndromes, cognitive performance and neurological dysfunction. Psychological Medicine, 17, 49-57.
34. Marcus, J., Hans, S. L., Byhouwer, B., et al (1985) Relationships among neurological functioning, intelligence quotients, and physical anomalies. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 11, 101-108.
35. Mishara, A. L. & Goldberg, T. E. (2004) A meta-analysis and critical review of the effects of conventional neuroleptic treatment on cognition in schizophrenia: opening a closed book. Biological Psychiatry, 55, 1013-1022.
36. Mohr, F., Hubmann, W., Albus, M., et al (2003) Neurological soft signs and neuropsychological performance in patients with first episode schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 121, 21-30.
37. Mosher, L. R., Pollin, W. & Stabenau, J. R. (1971) Identical twins discordant for schizophrenia. Neurologic findings. Archives of General Psychiatry, 24, 422-430.
38. Niethammer, R., Weisbrod, M., Schiesser, S., et al (2000) Genetic influence on laterality in schizophrenia? A twin study of neurological soft signs. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 272-274.
39. Obiols, J. E., Serrano, F., Caparros, B., et al (1999) Neurological soft signs in adolescents with poor performance on the continuous performance test: markers of liability for schizophrenia spectrum disorders? Psychiatry Research, 86, 217-228.
40. Ovsiew, F. (1997) Bedside neuropsychiatry: eliciting the clinical phenomena of neuropsychiatric illness. In Textbook of Neuropsychiatry, (3rd edn) (eds S. C. Yudofsky & R. E. Hales), pp. 135-136. American Psychiatric Press.
41. Paulsen, J. S., Heaton, R. K., Sadek, J. R., et al (1995) The nature of learning and memory impairments in schizophrenia. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 1, 88-99.
42. Paulson, G. & Gottlieb, G. (1968) Developmental reflexes: the reappearance of foetal and neonatal reflexes in aged patients. Brain, 91, 37-52.
43. Reitan, R. M. (1986) Trail-Making Test Manual for Administration and Scoring. Reitan Neuropsychology Laboratory, Tuscon.
44. Rossi, A., De Cataldo, S., Di Michele, V., et al (1990) Neurological soft signs in schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 735-739.
45. Sanders, R. D. & Keshavan, M. S. (1998) The neurologic examination in adult psychiatry: from soft signs to hard science. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 10, 395-404.
46. Saykin, A. J., Gur, R. C., Gur, R. E., et al (1991) Neuropsychological function in schizophrenia. Selective impairment in memory and learning. Archives of General Psychiatry, 48, 618-624.
47. Schonfeld, I. S., Shaffer, D. & Barmack, J. E. (1989) Neurological soft signs and school achievement: the mediating effects of sustained attention. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 17, 575-596.
48. Schott, J. M. & Rossor, M. N. (2003) The grasp and other primitive reflexes. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 74, 558-560.
49. Taylor, M. A. & Abrams, R. (1984) Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 141, 196-201.
50. Wechsler, D. (1981) Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Revised (WAIS-R) Manual. Psychological Corp./Harcourt.
51. Weickert, T. W., Goldberg, T. E. & Gold, J. M., (2000) Cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia with preserved and compromised intellect. Archives of General Psychiatry, 57, 907-913.
52. Weickert, T. W., Goldberg, T. E., Marenco, S., et al (2003) Comparison of cognitive performances during a placebo period and an atypical antipsychotic treatment period in schizophrenia: critical examination of confounds. Neuropsychopharmacology 28, 1491-1500.
53. Wildenauer, D. B., Hallmayer, J., Schwab, S. G., et al (1996) Searching for susceptibility genes in schizophrenia by genetic linkage analysis. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, 61, 845-850.
54. Wong, A. H., Voruganti, L. N., Heslegrave, R. J., et al (1997) Neurocognitive deficits and neurological signs in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 23, 139-146.
55. Woods, B. T., Kinney, D. K. & Yurgelun-Todd, D. (1986) Neurologic abnormalities in schizophrenic patients and their families. I. Comparison of schizophrenic, bipolar, and substance abuse patients and normal controls. Archives of General Psychiatry, 43, 657-663.