Magnetization dependence on carrier doping in epitaxial ZnO thin films co-doped with Mn and P

Journal of Applied Physics

Volumn 101, Issue 12, 2007, Pages

  Ivill, M ^a   Pearton, S J ^a   Heo, Y W ^b   Kelly, J ^c   Hebard, A F ^c   Norton, D P ^a  

^a University of Florida   (United States)

^b Kyungpook National University   (South Korea)

^c NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARRIER DOPING; HOLE-MEDIATED FERROMAGNETISM; MAGNETIZATION DEPENDENCE; MAGNETOMETRY MEASUREMENTS;

CARRIER CONCENTRATION; FERROMAGNETISM; MAGNETIZATION; SEMICONDUCTOR DOPING; SQUIDS; ZINC OXIDE;

EPITAXIAL FILMS;

EID: 34547493265     PISSN: 00218979     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.2739302     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. S. A. Wolf, D. D. Awschalom, R. A. Buhrman, J. M. Daughton, S. von Molnár, M. L. Roukes, A. Y. Chtchelkanova, and D. M. Treger, Science 0036-8075 10.1126/science.1065389 294, 1488 (2001).
2. G. A. Prinz, Science 282, 1660 (1998).
3. J. K. Furdyna, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 10.1063/1.341700 64, R29 (1988).
4. S. Gopalan and M. G. Cottam, Phys. Rev. B 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.42. 10311 42, 10311 (1990).
5. C. Haas, CRC Crit. Rev. Solid State Sci. 1, 47 (1970).
6. T. Suski, J. Igalson, and T. Story, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 0304-8853 10.1016/0304-8853(87)90165-X 66, 325 (1987).
7. A. Haury, A. Wasiela, A. Arnoult, J. Cibert, S. Tatarenko, T. Dietl, and Y. Merle d'Aubigne, Phys. Rev. Lett. 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.511 79, 511 (1997); P. Kossacki, D. Ferrand, A. Arnoult, J. Cibert, S. Tatarenko, A. Wasiela, Y. Merle d'Aubigne, J. -L. Staihli, J. -D. Ganiere, W. Bardyszewski, K. Swiatek, M. Sawicki, J. Wrobel, and T. Dietl, Physica E (Amsterdam) 1386-9477 10.1016/S1386-9477(99)00178-2 6, 709 (2000).
8. A. Haury, A. Wasiela, A. Arnoult, J. Cibert, S. Tatarenko, T. Dietl, and Y. Merle d'Aubigne, Phys. Rev. Lett. 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.511 79, 511 (1997); P. Kossacki, D. Ferrand, A. Arnoult, J. Cibert, S. Tatarenko, A. Wasiela, Y. Merle d'Aubigne, J. -L. Staihli, J. -D. Ganiere, W. Bardyszewski, K. Swiatek, M. Sawicki, J. Wrobel, and T. Dietl, Physica E (Amsterdam) 1386-9477 10.1016/S1386-9477(99)00178-2 6, 709 (2000).
9. H. Ohno, Science 0036-8075 10.1126/science.281.5379.951 281, 951 (1998).
10. S. J. Pearton, C. R. Abernathy, D. P. Norton, A. F. Hebard, Y. D. Park, L. A. Boatner, and J. D. Budai, Mater. Sci. Eng., R. 40, 137 (2003).
11. M. Ivill, M. E. Overberg, C. R. Abernathy, D. P. Norton, A. F. Hebard, N. Theodoropoulou, and J. D. Budai, Solid-State Electron. 0038-1101 10.1016/S0038-1101(03)00200-4 47, 2215 (2003).
12. Y. Matsumoto, M. Murakami, T. Shono, T. Hasegawa, T. Fukumura, M. Kawasaki, P. Ahmet, T. Chikyow, K. Shin-ya, and H. Koinuma, Science 0036-8075 10.1126/science.1056186 291, 854 (2001).
13. P. Sharma, A. Gupta, K. V. Rao, F. J. Owens, R. Sharma, R. Ahuja, J. M. Osorio Guillen, B. Johansson, and G. A. Gehring, Nat. Mater. 1476-1122 10.1038/nmat984 2, 673 (2003).
14. D. C. Look, Mater. Sci. Eng. B 80, 383 (2001). 0921-5107
15. S. Masuda, K. Kitamura, Y. Okumura, S. Miyatake, H. Tabata, and T. Kawai, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 10.1063/1.1534627 93, 1624 (2003).
16. T. Dietl, H. Ohno, F. Matsukura, J. Cubert, and D. Ferrand, Science 0036-8075 10.1126/science.287.5455.1019 287, 1019 (2000).
17. K. Sato and H. Katayama-Yoshida, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 2 39, L555 (2000).
18. J. H. Kim, H. Kim, D. Kim, Y. E. Ihm, and W. K. Choo, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 10.1063/1.1513890 92, 6066 (2002).
19. H. -J. Lee, S. -Y. Jeong, C. R. Cho, and C. H. Park, Appl. Phys. Lett. 0003-6951 10.1063/1.1517405 81, 4020 (2002).
20. T. Wakano, N. Fujimura, Y. Morinaga, N. Abe, A. Ashida, and T. Ito, Physica E (Amsterdam) 1386-9477 10.1016/S1386-9477(01)00095-9 10, 260 (2001).
21. S. -J. Han, J. W. Song, C. -H. Yang, S. H. Park, J. -H. Park, Y. H. Jeong, and K. W. Rhie, Appl. Phys. Lett. 0003-6951 10.1063/1.1525885 81, 4212 (2002).
22. S. W. Jung, S. -J. An, G. -C. Yi, C. U. Jung, S. -I. Lee, and S. Cho, Appl. Phys. Lett. 0003-6951 10.1063/1.1487927 80, 4561 (2002).
23. T. Fukumura, Z. Jin, M. Kawasaki, T. Shono, T. Hasegawa, S. Koshihara, and H. Koinuma, Appl. Phys. Lett. 0003-6951 10.1063/1.1348323 78, 958 (2001).
24. D. P. Norton, S. J. Pearton, A. F. Hebard, N. Theodoropoulou, L. A. Boatner, and R. G. Wilson, Appl. Phys. Lett. 0003-6951 10.1063/1.1537457 82, 239 (2003).
25. M. Ivill, S. J. Pearton, D. P. Norton, J. Kelly, and A. F. Hebard, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 10.1063/1.1856225 97, 053904 (2005).
26. Y. Q. Chang, D. B. Wang, X. H. Luo, X. Y. Xu, X. H. Chen, L. Li, C. P. Chen, R. M. Wang, J. Xu, and D. P. Yu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 0003-6951 10.1063/1.1625788 83, 4020 (2003).
27. A. S. Risbud, N. A. Spaldin, Z. Q. Chen, S. Stemmer, and R. Seshadri, Phys. Rev. B 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.205202 68, 205202 (2003).
28. S. -J. Han, T. -H. Jang, Y. B. Kim, B. -G. Park, J. -H. Park, and Y. H. Jeong, Appl. Phys. Lett. 0003-6951 10.1063/1.1597414 83, 920 (2003).
29. S. W. Yoon, S. -B. Cho, S. C. We, S. Yoon, B. J. Suh, H. K. Song, and Y. J. Shin, J. Appl. Phys. 93, 7879 (2003).
30. V. A. L. Roy, A. B. Djurisic, H. Liu, X. X. Zhang, Y. H. Leung, M. H. Xie, J. Gao, H. F. Lui, and C. Surya, Appl. Phys. Lett. 0003-6951 10.1063/1.1645312 84, 756 (2004).
31. X. M. Cheng and C. L. Chien, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 10.1063/1.1556125 93, 7876 (2003).
32. S. S. Kim, J. H. Moon, B. -T. Lee, O. S. Song, and J. H. Je, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 10.1063/1.1632547 95, 454 (2004).
33. S. Kolesnik, B. Dabrowski, and J. Mais, J. Appl. Phys. 0021-8979 10.1063/1.1644638 95, 2582 (2004).
34. J. Zhang, R. Skomski, and D. J. Sellmyer, J. Appl. Phys. 97, 10D303 (2005).
35. L. W. Guo, D. L. Peng, H. Makino, K. Inaba, H. J. Ko, K. Sumiyama, and Y. Yao, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 0304-8853 10.1016/S0304-8853(00)00008-1 213, 321 (2000).
36. A. Chartier, P. D'Arco, R. Dovesi, and V. R. Saunders, Phys. Rev. B 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.14042 60, 14042 (1999).
37. T. Dietl, A. Haury, and Y. Merle d'Aubigne, Phys. Rev. B 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.R3347 55, R3347 (1997).
38. T. Dietl, Semicond. Sci. Technol. 0268-1242 10.1088/0268-1242/17/4/310 17, 377 (2002).
39. H. Ohno, Semiconductor Spintronics and Quantum Computation, edited by, D. D. Awschalom, D. Loss, and, N. Samarth, (Springer, New York, 2002), Chap..
40. D. C. Look, D. C. Reynolds, C. W. Litton, R. L. Jones, D. B. Eason, and G. Cantwell, Appl. Phys. Lett. 0003-6951 10.1063/1.1504875 81, 1830 (2002).
41. A. Kaminski and S. Das Sarma, Phys. Rev. Lett. 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.247202 88, 247202 (2002).
42. M. Berciu and R. N. Bhatt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.107203 87, 107203 (2001).
43. T. Fukumura, Z. Jin, A. Ohtomo, H. Koinuma, and M. Kawasaki, Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 3366 (1999).
44. J. Han, P. Q. Mantas, and A. M. R. Senos, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 0955-2219 10.1016/S0955-2219(01)00241-2 22, 49 (2002).
45. Z. Zhou, K. Kato, T. Komaki, M. Yoshino, H. Yukawa, M. Morinaga, and K. Morita, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 0955-2219 10.1016/S0955-2219(03)00336-4 24, 139 (2004).
46. N. Ohashi, J. Tanaka, T. Ohgaki, H. Haneda, M. Ozawa, and T. Tsurumi, J. Mater. Res. 17, 1529 (2002). 0884-2914
47. Y. W. Heo, Y. W. Kwon, Y. Li, S. J. Pearton, and D. P. Norton, J. Electron. Mater. 0361-5235 10.1007/s11664-005-0120-7 34, 409 (2005).
48. T. Dietl, M. Sawicki, L. Van Khoi, J. Jaroszyński, P. Kossacki, J. Cibert, D. Ferrand, S. Tatarenko, and A. Wasiela, Phys. Status Solidi B 0370-1972 10.1002/1521-3951(200201)229:2<665::AID-PSSB665>3.0.CO;2-3 229, 665 (2002).
49. Q. Wan, Appl. Phys. Lett. 0003-6951 10.1063/1.2338660 89, 082515 (2006).
50. K. R. Kittilstved, W. K. Liu, and D. R. Gamelin, Nat. Mater. 1476-1122 10.1038/nmat1616 5, 291 (2006).
51. K. R. Kittilstved, N. S. Norberg, and D. R. Gamelin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.147209 94, 147209 (2005).