Conceptualization and manifestation of depression in an Asian context: Formal construction and validation of a children'S depression scale in Singapore

Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry

Volumn 31, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 225-249

  Koh, Jessie B K ^a   Chang, Weining C ^b   Fung, Daniel S S ^c   Kee, Carolyn H Y ^c  

^a Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics   (United States)

^b NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY   (Singapore)

^c INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH   (Singapore)

Author keywords

Asian children; Asian Children Depression Scale; Conceptualization; Depression; Measurement; Singapore

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ASIAN; CHILD; CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY; DEPRESSION; FEMALE; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; MALE; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; QUESTIONNAIRE; SINGAPORE; VALIDATION STUDY;

ASIAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; CHILD; CULTURE; DEPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; QUESTIONNAIRES; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; SINGAPORE;

EID: 34547367400     PISSN: 0165005X     EISSN: 1573076X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11013-007-9048-0     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Abdel, Khalek, and M. Ahmed 1993 The Construction and Validation of the Arabic Children's Depression Inventory. European Journal of Psychological Assessment 9(1): 41-50.
2. Abramson, Lyn Y., Martin E. Seligman, and John D. Teasdale 1978 Learned Helplessness in Humans: Critique and Reformulation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 87: 49-74.
3. Akiskal, Hagop S. 1995 Toward a Temperament-Based Approach to Depression: Implications for Neurobiological Research. Advances in Biochemical Psychopharmacology 49: 99-112.
4. Al-Issa, Ihsan 1995 Culture and Mental Illness in International Perspectives. In Handbook of Culture and Mental Illness: An International Perspective. Al-Issa Ihsan, ed., pp. 3-49. Madison CT: International Universities Press.
5. Baumeister, Roy F. 1987 How the Self Becomes a Problem: A Psychological Review of Historic Research. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 52(1): 163-176.
6. Beeman, William O. 1985 Dimensions of Dysphoria: The View from Linguistic Anthropology. In Culture and Depression: Studies in the Anthropology and Cross-cultural Psychiatry of Affect and Disorder. Arthur Kleinman and Byron J. Good, eds., pp. 216-243. Berkeley: University of California Press.
7. Bronfenbrenner, Urie 1979 The Ecology of Human Development: Experiments by Nature and Design. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
8. Chang, Weining C. 1985 A Cross-cultural Study of Depressive Symptomatology. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 9: 295-317.
9. D'Andrade, Roy G. 1992 Schema and Motivation. In Human Motives and Cultural Models. Andrade R. G. and C. Strauss, eds., pp. 23-44. New York: Cambridge University Press.
10. Diener, Ed 1984 Subjective Well-being. Psychological Bulletin 95:542-575. Draguns, Juris G. 1997 Abnormal Behavior Patterns across Cultures: Implications for Counseling and Psychotherapy. International Journal of Intel-cultural Relations 21(2): 213-248.
11. Garber, Judy, and Cynthia Flynn 2001 Vulnerability to Depression in Childhood and Adolescence. In Vulnerability to Psychopathology: Risk across the Lifespan. Rick E. Ingram and Joseph M. Rice, eds., pp. 175-225. New York: Guilford Press.
12. Gleitman, Harry, Alan J. Fridlund, and Daniel Reisberg 1999 Psychology Web Book: Psychology. New York: W. W. Norton & Co.
13. Good, Bryon J., and Arthur M. Kleinman 1985 Culture and Anxiety: Cross-cultural Evidence for the Patterning of Anxiety Disorders. In Anxiety and the Anxiety Disorders. Hussain A. Tuma and Jack D. Maser, eds., pp. 297-323. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
14. Hammen, Constance L., and lan H. Gotlib 2002 Closing Comments and Promising Directions for the Next Decade.. In Handbook of Depression. lan H. Gotlib and Constance L. Hammen, eds., pp. 602-612. New York: Guilford Press.
15. Ho, David Y.F. 1995 Selfhood and Identity in Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, and Hinduism: Contrasts with the West. Journal for the Theory of Social Behavior 25(2): 115-138.
16. Jenkins, Janis H. 1994 The Psychocultural Study of Emotion and Mental Disorder. In Handbook of Psychological Anthropology. Philip K. Bock, ed., pp. 97-120. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
17. Kammann, Richard, and Ross Flett 1983 Affectometer 2: A Scale to Measure Current Level of General Happiness. Australian Journal of Psychology 35(2): 259-265.
18. Kashani, Javad H., John C. Reid, and Tomas K. Rosenberg 1989 Levels of Hopelessness in Children and Adolescents: A Developmental Perspective. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 57(4): 496-499.
19. Kazdin, Alan. E. 1987 Children's Depression Scale: Validation with Child Psychiatric Inpatients. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines 28(1):29-41.
20. Kazdin, Alan E., Antoinette Rodgers, and Debra Colbus 1986 The Hopelessness Scale for Children: Psychometric Characteristics and Concurrent Validity. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 54(2): 241-245.
21. Kleinman, Arthur, and Byron J. Good 1985 Introduction: Culture and Depression. In Culture and Depression: Studies in the Anthropology and Cross-cultural Psychiatry of Affect and Disorder. Arthur Kleinman and Byron J. Good, eds., pp. 1-33. Berkeley: University of California Press.
22. Koh, Jessie B. K., Weining C. Chang, Daniel S. S. Fung, and Carolyn C. H. Kee 2002 Preliminary Development of a Culturally Appropriate Measure for Asian Children's Depression. In International Perspectives on Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Vol. 2. Nirnhay N. Singh, Thomas H. Ollendick and Ashvind N. Singh, eds., pp. 275-295. Oxford: Elsevier Science.
23. Kovacs, Maria 1980/1981 Rating Scales to Access Depression in School-aged Children. Acta Paedopsychiatry 46:305-315.
24. 1985 The Children's Depression Inventory. Psychopharmacology Bulletin 21(4): 995-998.
25. Lutz, Catherine A. 1985 Depression and the Translation of Emotional Worlds. In Culture and Depression: Studies in the Anthropology and Cross-cultural Psychiatry of Affect and Disorder. Arthur Kleinman and Byron J. Good, eds., pp. 63-100. Berkeley: University of California Press.
26. 1988 Unnatural Emotions: Everyday Sentiments on a Micronesian Atoll and Their Challenge to Western Theory. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
27. Lutz, Catherine A., and Geoffrey M. White 1986 The Anthropology of Emotions. Annual Review of Anthropology 15: 405-436.
28. Manson, Spero M. 1997 Cultural Considerations in the Diagnosis of Mood Disorders. In DSM-IV Sourcebook. Thomas A. Widiger, Allen J. Frances, Harold A. Pincus, Ruth Ross, Michael B. First and Wendy Davis, eds., pp. 909-923. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Press.
29. Manstead, Anthony S. R., and Miles Hewstone 1995/1996 The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social Psychology. Cambridge, UK: Blackwell.
30. Markus, Hazel. R., and Shinobu Kitayama 1991 Culture and the Self: Implications for Cognition, Emotion, and Motivation. Psychological Review 98(2): 224-253.
31. Marsella, Anthony J. 1980 Depressive Affect and Disorder across Cultures. In Handbook of Crosscultural Psychology. Vol. 6. Psychopathology. Harry C. Triandis and Juris Draguns, eds., pp. 237-289. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
32. 1987 The Measurement of Depressive Experience and Disorder across Cultures. In The Measurement of Depression. Anthony J. Marsella, Robert M. A. Hirschfeld and Martin M. Katz, eds., pp. 376-397. New York: Guildford Press.
33. Matsumoto, David 2000 Culture and Mental Health. In Culture and Psychology: People around the World. David Matsumoto, ed., pp. 251-270. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/ Thomson Learning.
34. McCauley, Elizabeth, Jeffery R. Mitchell, Patrick M. Burke, and Sheila J. Moss 1988 Cognitive Attributes of Depression in Children and Adolescents. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 56(6): 903-908.
35. McCullough, James P. 2000 Treatment for Chronic Depression: Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy. New York: Guilford Press.
36. Robins, Richard W., Holly M. Hendhi, and Kali H. Trzesniewski 2001 Measuring Global Self-Esteem: Construct Validation of a Single-Item Measure and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 27(2); 151-161.
37. Rosenberg, Morris 1965 Society and the Adolescent Self-Image. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press.
38. Spielberger, Charles D., Lee M. Ritterband, Sumner J. Sydeman, Eric C. Reheiser, and Karen K. Unger 1995 Assessment of Emotional States and Personality Traits: Measuring Psychological Vital Signs. In: Butcher JamesN. (ed). pp. 42-58. New York: Oxford University Press.
39. Tu, Weiming 1985 Confucian Thought: Selfhood as Creative Transformation. Albany: State University of New York Press.
40. Weiss, Mitchell G., and Arthur Kleinman 1988 Depression in Cross-cultural Perspective: Developing a Culturally Informed Model. In Health and Cross-cultural Psychology. Vol. 10. Pierre R. Dasen, John W. Berry and Norman Sartorius, eds., pp. 179-206. Newbury Park, CA: Towards Applications. Sage.
41. Weissman, Myrna M., Helen Oravschel, and Nancy S. Padian 1980 Children's Symptoms and Social Functioning Self Report Scales. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 168: 736-740.
42. Weisz, John R. 1986 Understanding the Developing Understanding of Control. In The Minnesota Symposia on Child Psychology. Vol. 18. Cognitive Perspectives on Children's Social and Behavioral Development. M. Perlmutter, ed., pp. 219-285. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
43. Weisz, John R., and Deborah J. Stipek 1982 Competence, Contingency, and the Development of Perceived Control. Human Development 25: 250-281.
44. Weisz, John R., Jane S. Stevens, John F. Curry, Robert Cohen, Edward W. Craighead, William V. Burlingame, A. Smith, Bahr Weiss, and Dean X. Parmelee 1989 Control-Related Cognitions and Depression among Inpatient Children and Adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 28: 358-363.
45. Weisz, John R., Lynne Sweeney, Valerie Proffitt, and Tom Carr 1993 Control-Related Beliefs and Self-Reported Depressive Symptoms in Late Childhood. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 102(3): 411-418.
46. Weisz, John R., Bahr Weiss, Aviva A. Wasserman, and Betty Rintoul 1987 Control-Related Beliefs and Depression among Clinic-Referred Children and Adolescents. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 96(1): 58-63.
47. Werner, O., and D. T. Campbell 1970 Translating, Working through Interpreters, and the Problem of Decentering. In A Handbook of Cultural Anthropology. Raoul Naroll and R. Cohen, eds., pp. 398-419. New York: American Museum of Natural History.
48. Whalen, Carol K., Larry D. Jamner, Barbara Henker, and Ralph J. Delfino 2001 Smoking and Moods in Adolescents with Depressive and Aggressive Dispositions: Evidence from Surveys and Electronic Diaries. Health Psychology 20(2): 99-111.
49. Whiting, Beatrice B., and John W. M. Whiting 1975 Children of Six Cultures: A Psychocultural Analysis. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
50. Woo, Bernardine S. C., Weining C. Chang, Daniel S. S. Fung, Jessie B. K. Koh, Joyce S. F. Leong, Carolyn H. Y. Kee, and Cheryl K. F. Seah 2004 Development and Validation of a Depression Scale for Asian Adolescents. Journal of Adolescence 27(6); 677-689.
51. Yamamoto, Joe, Arturo J. Silva, Michelle Ferrari, and Kazutaka Nukariya 1997 Culture and Psychopathology. In Transcultural Child Development: Psychological Assessment and Treatment. Gloria Johnson-Powell, Joe Yamamoto, Gail E. Wyatt and William Arroyo, eds., pp. 34-57. New York: John Wiley & Sons.