Shaped angular dependence of the spin-transfer torque and microwave generation without magnetic field

Nature Physics

Volumn 3, Issue 7, 2007, Pages 492-497

  Boulle, O ^a   Cros, V ^a   Grollier, J ^a   Pereira, L G ^a,d   Deranlot, C ^a   Petroff, F ^a   Faini, G ^b   Barnas J ^c   Fert, A ^a  

^a UNITÉ MIXTE DE PHYSIQUE CNRS THALES   (France)

^b CNRS   (France)

^c ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY   (Poland)

^d FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL   (Brazil)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MAGNETIC FIELDS; MAGNETIZATION; MICROWAVE GENERATION; NANOPILLARS; TORQUE;

APPLIED MAGNETIC FIELDS; FERROMAGNETIC DOMAINS; MICROWAVE FREQUENCY RANGES; MICROWAVE OSCILLATION; MICROWAVE POWER MEASUREMENTS; SPIN POLARIZED CURRENTS; SPIN TRANSFER TORQUE; SPIN-TRANSFER OSCILLATORS;

MICROWAVE OSCILLATORS;

EID: 34547284727     PISSN: 17452473     EISSN: 17452481     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nphys618     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Slonczewski, J. C. Current-driven excitation of magnetic multilayers. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 159, L1-L7 (1996).
2. Berger, L. Emission of spin waves by a magnetic multilayer traversed by a current. Phys. Rev. B 54, 9353-9358 (1996).
3. Ratine, J. A., Albert, F. J., Buhrman, R. A., Myers, E. B. & Ralph, D. C. Current-driven magnetization reversal and spin-wave excitations in Co/Cu/Co pillars. Phys. Rev. Lett, 84, 3149-3152 (2000).
4. Grollier, J. et al. Magnetization reversal in Co/Cu/Co pillars by spin injection. Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 3663-3665 (2001).
5. Urazhdin, S., Birge, N. O., Fratt, W. F. & Bass, J. Switching current versus magnetoresistance in magnetic multilayer nanopillars. Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 1516-1518 (2004).
6. Kiselev, S. I. et al. Microwave oscillations of a nanomagnet driven by a spin-polarized current. Nature 425, 380-383 (2003).
7. 20 . Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 027201 (2004).
8. Stiles, M. D. & Miltat, J. in Spin Dynamics in Confined Magnetic Structures, III (eds Hillebrands, B. & Thiaville, A.) (Springer, Berlin, 2006).
9. Waintal, X., Myers, E. B., Brouwer, P. W. & Ralph, D. C. Role of spin-dependent interface scattering in generating current-induced torques in magnetic multilayers. Phys. Rev. B 62, 12317-12327 (2000).
10. Slonczewski, J. Currents and torques in metallic magnetic multilayers. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 247, 324-338 (2002).
11. Zhang, S., Levy, P. M. & Fert, A. Mechanisms of spin-polarized current-driven magnetization switching. Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 236601 (2002).
12. Stiles, M. D. & Zangwill, A. Anatomy of spin-transfer torque. Phys. Rev. B 66, 014407 (2002).
13. Brataas, A., Bauer, G. E. W. & Kelly, P. J. Non-collinear magnetoelectronics. Phys. Rep. 427, 157-256 (2006).
14. Kovalev, A., Brataas, A. & Bauer, G. E. W. Spin transfer in diffusive ferromagnet-normal metal systems with spin-flip scattering. Phys. Rev. B 66, 224424 (2002).
15. Pert, A et al. Magnetization reversal by injection and transfer of spin. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 272, 1706-1711 (2004).
16. Barnaś, J., Pert, A., Gmitra, M., Weymann, I. & Dugaev, V. K. From giant magnetoresistance to current-induced switching by spin transfer. Phys. Rev. B 72, 024426 (2005).
17. Barnaś, J., Pert, A., Gmitra, M., Weymann, I. & Dugaev, V. K. Macroscopic description of spin transfer torque. Mater. Sd. Eng. B 126, 271-274 (2006).
18. Rezende, S. M., de Aguiar, P.M. & Azevedo, A. Magnon excitation by spin-polarized direct currents in magnetic nanostructures. Phys. Rev. B 73, 094402 (2006).
19. Bertotti, G. et al. Magnetization switching and microwave oscillations in nanomagnets driven by spin-polarized currents. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 127206 (2005).
20. Slavin, A. N. & Kabos, P. Approximate theory of microwave generation in a current-driven magnetic nanocontact magnetized in an arbitrary direction. IEEE Trans. Magn. 41, 1264-1273 (2005).
21. Rippard, W. H., Pufall, M. R & Silva, T. J. Quantitative studies of spin-momentum-transfer-induced excitations in Co/Cu multilayer films using point-contact spectroscopy. Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 1260-1262 (2003).
22. Manschot, J., Brataas, A. & Bauer, G. E. W. Reducing the critical switching current in nanoscale spin valves. Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 3250 (2004).
23. Bass, J. & Pratt, W. P. Current-perpendicular (CPP) magnetoresistance in magnetic multilayers. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 200, 274-289 (1999).
24. Bass, J. & Pratt, W. P. Spin-diffusion lengths in metals and alloys, and spin-flipping at metal/metal interfaces: An experimentalist's critical review. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 19, 183201 (2007).
25. Gmitra, M. & Barnaś, J. Current-driven destabilization of both collinear configurations in asymmetric spin valves. Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 207205 (2006).
26. Kiselev, S. I. et al. Spin-transfer excitations of permalloy nanopillars for large applied currents. Phys. Rev. B 72, 064430 (2005).
27. Chen, T. Y., Ji, Y. & Chien, C. L. Switching by point-contact spin injection in a continuous film. Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 380-382 (2004).
28. Acremann, Y. et al. Time-resolved imaging of spin transfer switching: Beyond the macrospin concept. Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 217202 (2006).
29. Valet, T. & Fert, A Theory of the perpendicular magnetoresistance in magnetic multilayers. Phys. Rev. 548, 7099-7113 (1993).
30. Berkov, D. V. & Gorn, N. L. Magnetization precession due to a spin polarized current. Phys. Rev. B 72, 024455 (2005).
31. Urazhdin, S., Loloee, R. & Pratt, W. P. Noncollinear spin transport in magnetic multilayers. Phys. Rev. B 71, 100401 (2005).
32. Pribiag, V. S. et al. Magnetic vortex oscillator by d.c. spin-polarized current. Preprint at «http://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/ 0702253» (2007).
33. Pufall, M. R., Rippard, W. H., Schneider, M. & Russek, S. E. Low field, current-hysteretic oscillations in spin transfer nanocontacts. Preprint at «http://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0702416» (2007).
34. Novosad, V. et al. Magnetic vortex resonance in patterned ferromagnetic dots. Phys. Rev. B 72, 024455 (2005).
35. Jaffrès, H. Programs for CPP-GMR http://www.trt.thalesgroup.com/ ump-cnrs-thales.