Modelling of joint crowd-structure system using equivalent reduced-DOF system

Shock and Vibration

Volumn 14, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 261-270

  Sim, Jackie ^a   Blakeborough, Anthony ^b   Williams, Martin ^b  

^a MOTT MACDONALD   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Crowd modelling; Human structure interaction; Structural dynamics

Indexed keywords

DEGREES OF FREEDOM (MECHANICS); FREQUENCY RESPONSE; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; NATURAL FREQUENCIES;

CROWD MODELING; DOF SYSTEMS; HUMAN ASSEMBLY STRUCTURES; HUMAN STRUCTURE INTERACTION;

STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS;

EID: 34547276683     PISSN: 10709622     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2007/498081     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (21)

1. R.C. Batista and C. Magluta, Spectator-induced vibration of Maracana Stadium, EURODYN '93 Trondheim., Norway, 21-23 June 1993, 985-992.
2. P.A.O. Almeida and J.F.S. Rodrigues, Investigation of the vibrations induced by people in soccer stadiums, 1998 SEM Spring Conference and Exhibition, Houston, Texas, 1998, 271-274.
3. P.V. Staalduinen and W. Courage, Dynamic loading of Feyenoord stadium during pop concerts, Symposium: Places of assembly and long-span building structures, Birmingham, UK, 7-9 September 1994, Report 71, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 1994, 283-288.
4. D. Rogers, Two more 'wobbly' stands, Construction News (17 August 2000).
5. D. Rogers and R. Thompson, Liverpool stand gets a red card, Construction News (10 August 2000).
6. British Standards Institution (BSI), BS 6399: Part I: Code of practice for dead and imposed loads. British Standards Institution, London, 1996.
7. Department of National Heritage and Scottish Office, Guide, to Safety at Sports Grounds, 4th edition, Stationary Office, London. ISBN 0 11 300095 2, 1997.
8. IStructE/ODPM/DCMS working group, Dynamic performance requirements for permanent grandstands subject to crowd actions. Interim guidance on assessment and design. London, UK, 2001.
9. B.R. Ellis and T. Ji, Human-structure interaction in vertical vibrations, Structures and Buildings, the Proceedings of Institution of Civil Engineers 122(1) (1997), 1-9.
10. R.E. Harrison and J.R. Wright, Combined active and passive human loading on a flexible platform, 23rd International Modal Analysis Conference (IMAC XXIII), Orlando, Florida, USA, 31 January-3 February 2005.
11. J.D. Littler, Full-scale testing of large cantilever grandstands to determine their dynamic response, Stadia, arenas and grandstands, Thompson, P.D., Tollocako, J.J.A., J.N. Clarke, eds, E and FN Spon, London, 1998, pp. 123-134.
12. J.D. Littler, The dynamic response of a three tier cantilever grandstand, in: Structural Dynamics - EURODYN '99, 1999, pp. 623-628.
13. P. Reynolds, A. Pavic and Z. Ibrahim, Changes of modal properties of a stadium structure occupied by a crowd, 22nd International Modal Analysis Conference (IMAC XXII), Dearborn, Detroit, USA, 26-29 January 2004.
14. J. Sim, A. Blakeborough and M.S. Williams, Modelling effects of passive crowds on grandstand vibration, Structures and Buildings, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 159 (2006), 247-259.
15. T.E. Fairley and M.J. Griffin, The apparent mass of the seated human body: vertical vibration, Journal of Biomechanics 22(2) (1989), 81-94.
16. L. Wei and M.J. Griffin, Mathematical models for the apparent mass of the seated human body exposed to vertical vibration, Journal of Sound and Vibration 212(5) (1998), 855-874.
17. Y. Matsumoto and M.J. Griffin, Dynamic response of the standing human body exposed to vertical vibration: influence of posture and vibration magnitude, Journal of Sound and Vibration 212(1) (1998), 85-107.
18. Y. Matsumoto and M.J. Griffin, Mathematical models for the apparent masses of standing subjects exposed to vertical whole-body vibration, Journal of Sound and Vibration 260(3) (2003), 431-451.
19. J.E. Dennis, Jr. and R.B. Schnabel, Numerical Methods for Unconstrained Optimization and Non linear Equations. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1983.
20. The MathWorks, Inc. MATLAB® Control Toolbox.
21. A. Blakeborough, Personal communication (2005).