Modeling the variability of drop size distributions in space and time

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology

Volumn 46, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 742-756

  Lee, GyuWon ^a,c   Seed, Alan W ^b   Zawadzki, Isztar ^a  

^a MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b BUREAU OF METEOROLOGY RESEARCH CENTRE   (Australia)

^c NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION; DROPS; RADAR REFLECTION; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; STOCHASTIC MODELS; TAYLOR SERIES;

DISDROMETER; RAINFALL RATE; SPACE-TIME VARIABILITY;

PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY);

DROPLET; PRECIPITATION (CLIMATOLOGY); RADAR; RAINDROP; RAINFALL; REFLECTIVITY; SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION; TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION;

EID: 34547182429     PISSN: 15588424     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/JAM2505.1     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Bowler, N., C. Pierce, and A.W. Seed, 2004: Development of a precipitation nowcasting algorithm based upon optical flow techniques. J Hydrol., 288, 74-91.
2. Campos, E., and I. Zawadzki, 2000: Instrumental uncertainties in Z-R relations. J. Appl. Meteor., 39, 1088-1102.
3. Field, P. R,, and A, J. Heymsfield, 2003: Aggregation and scaling of ice crystal size distributions. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 544-560.
4. Gunn, R., and G. D. Kinzer, 1949: The terminal velocity of fall for water droplets in stagnant air. J. Meteor., 6, 243-248.
5. Illingworth, A. J., and T. M. Blackman, 2002: The need to represent raindrop size spectra as normalized gamma distributions for the interpretation of polarization radar observations. J. Appl. Meteor., 41, 286-297.
6. Jordan, P. W., A. W. Seed, and P. E. Weinmann, 2003: A stochastic model of radar measurement errors in rainfall accumulations at catchment scale. J. Hydrometeor., 4, 841-855.
7. Joss, J., and A. Waldvogel, 1990: Precipitation measurement and hydrology. Radar in Meteorology, D. Atlas, Ed., Amer. Meteor. Soc., 577-606.
8. Lee, G. W., 2003: Error in rain estimation by radar: Effect of the variability of drop size distributions. Ph.D. thesis, McGill University, 279 pp. [Available online at http://www.radar.mcgill.ca/~gwlee/PAPERS/ THESIS_2003/thesis_gwlee_single.pdf.]
9. Lee, G. W., 2006: Sources of errors in rainfall measurements by polarimetric radar: Variability of drop size distributions, observational noise, and variation of relationships between R and polarimetric parameters. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 23, 1005-1028.
10. Lee, G. W., and I. Zawadzki, 2005: Variability of drop size distributions: Noise and noise filtering in disdrometric data. J. Appl. Meteor., 44, 634-652.
11. Lee, G. W., and I. Zawadzki, 2006: Radar calibration by gage, disdrometer, and polarimetry: Theoretical limit caused by the variability of drop size distribution and application to fast scanning operational radar data. J. Hydrol., 328, 83-97.
12. Lee, G. W., I. Zawadzki, W. Szymer, D. Sempere-Torres, and R. Uijlenhoet, 2004: A general approach to double-moment normalization of drop size distributions. J. Appl. Meteor., 43, 264-281.
13. Marshall, J. S., and W. McK. Palmer, 1948: The distribution of raindrops with size. J. Meteor., 5, 165-166.
14. Mejia, J. M., I. Rodriguez-Iturbe, and D. R. Dawdy, 1972: Streamflow simulation: The broken line process as a potential model for hydrologic simulation. Water Resour. Res., 8, 931-941.
15. Menabde, M., D. Harris, A. W. Seed, G. L. Austin, and C. D. Stow, 1997: Multiscaling properties of rainfall and bounded random cascades. Water Resour. Res., 33, 2823-2830.
16. Miriovsky, B. J., and Coauthors, 2004: An experimental study of small-scale variability of radar reflectivity using disdrometer observations. J. Appl. Meteor., 43, 106-118.
17. Seed, A. W., R. Srikanthan, and M, Menabde, 1999: A space and time model for design storm rainfall. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 31 623-31 630.
18. Seed, A. W., C. Draper, R. Srikanthan, and M. Menabde, 2000: A multiplicative broken-line model for time series of mean areal rainfall. Water Resour. Res., 36, 2395-2399.
19. Sekhon, R. S., and R. C. Srivastava, 1971: Doppler radar observations of drop-size distributions in a thunderstorm. J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 983-994.
20. Sempere-Torres, D., J. M. Porrà, and J.-D. Creutin, 1994: A general formulation for raindrop size distribution. J. Appl. Meteor., 33, 1494-1502.
21. Sempere-Torres, D., J. M. Porrà, and J.-D. Creutin,, 1998: Experimental evidence of a general description for raindrop size distribution properties. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 1785-1797.
22. Sheppard, B. E., 1990: Measurement of raindrop size distribution using a small Doppler radar. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 7, 255-268.
23. Sheppard, B. E., and P. I. Joe, 1994: Comparison of raindrop size distribution measurements by a Joss-Waldvogel disdrometer, a PMS 2DG spectrometer, and a POSS Doppler radar. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 11, 874-887.
24. Smith, J. A., and W. F. Krajewski, 1993: A modelling study of rainfall rate-reflectivity relationships. Water Resour. Res., 29, 2505-2514.
25. Szyrmer, W., S. Laroche, and I. Zawadzki, 2005: A microphysicai bulk formulation based on scaling normalization of the particle size distribution. Part I: Description. J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 4206-4221.
26. Testud, J., S. Oury, R. A. Black, P. Amayenc, and X. Dou, 2001: The concept of "normalized" distribution to describe raindrop spectra: A tool for cloud physics and cloud remote sensing. J. Appl. Meteor., 40, 1118-1140.
27. Uijlenhoet, R., M. Steiner, and J. A. Smith, 2003a: Variability of raindrop size distributions in a squall line and implications for radar rainfall estimation. J. Hydrometeor., 4, 43-61.
28. Uijlenhoet, R., J. A. Smith, and M. Steiner, 2003b: The microphysical structure of extreme precipitation as inferred from ground-based raindrop spectra. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 1220-1238.
29. Wilson, J. W., and E. A. Brandes, 1979: Radar measurement of rainfall - A summary. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 60, 1048-1058.
30. Zawadzki, I., 1973: Statistical properties of precipitation patterns. J. Appl. Meteor., 12, 459-472.
31. Zawadzki, I., 1984: Factors affecting the precision of radar measurements of rain. Preprints, 22d Int. Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Zurich, Switzerland, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 251-256.
32. Zawadzki, I., and G. W. Lee, 2004: The physical causes of the variability of drop size distributions. Preprints, 14th Int. Conf. on Clouds and Precipitation, Bologna, Italy, The International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences (IAMAS), 698-701.