메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 99-104

Male infertility and varicocele: Myths and reality

Author keywords

Male infertility; Pregnancy rate; Semen parameters; Surgical repair of varicocele; Varicocele; Varicocelectomy

Indexed keywords

COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; HUMAN; INTRACYTOPLASMIC SPERM INJECTION; MALE; MALE INFERTILITY; PARAMETER; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PREGNANCY; PROGNOSIS; PROSTATE SURGERY; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; VARICOCELE; VARICOCELECTOMY;

EID: 34547178355     PISSN: 11084189     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (70)

References (63)
  • 4
    • 85197043640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classification of andrological disorders In: Nieschlag E
    • Behre HM, eds, Berlin, Heildelberg, New York: Spriger-Verlag
    • Nieschlag E. Classification of andrological disorders In: Nieschlag E, Behre HM, eds. Andrology. Berlin, Heildelberg, New York: Spriger-Verlag 1997; 79-83
    • (1997) Andrology , pp. 79-83
    • Nieschlag, E.1
  • 6
    • 84987477037 scopus 로고
    • Varicocele
    • Saypol DC. Varicocele. J Androl 1981; 2: 61
    • (1981) J Androl , vol.2 , pp. 61
    • Saypol, D.C.1
  • 7
    • 84924843572 scopus 로고
    • A consideration of sterility factors in the light of subsequent pregnancies
    • Tulloch WS. A consideration of sterility factors in the light of subsequent pregnancies. Edinburgh Med J 1952; 59: 29-34
    • (1952) Edinburgh Med J , vol.59 , pp. 29-34
    • Tulloch, W.S.1
  • 8
    • 34547152381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kantartzi P-D. [Update on the role of varicocele in male infertility]. Master degree dissertation. Thessaloniki, 2006
    • Kantartzi P-D. [Update on the role of varicocele in male infertility]. Master degree dissertation. Thessaloniki, 2006
  • 9
    • 0008378633 scopus 로고
    • Varicocele In: Lipschultz LI
    • Howards SS, eds, New York: Churchill Livingstone
    • Saypol DC, Lipschultz LI, Howards SS. Varicocele In: Lipschultz LI, Howards SS, eds. Infertility in the male. New York: Churchill Livingstone 1983; 299-313
    • (1983) Infertility in the male , pp. 299-313
    • Saypol, D.C.1    Lipschultz, L.I.2    Howards, S.S.3
  • 11
    • 0032825850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intratesticular varicocele: Evaluation using conventional and Doppler sonography
    • Das KM, Prasad K, Szmigielski W, Noorani N. Intratesticular varicocele: evaluation using conventional and Doppler sonography. Am J Roentgenol 1999; 173: 1079-1083
    • (1999) Am J Roentgenol , vol.173 , pp. 1079-1083
    • Das, K.M.1    Prasad, K.2    Szmigielski, W.3    Noorani, N.4
  • 12
    • 0032999809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testicular catch-up growth after varicocele correction in adolescents
    • Lund L, Tang YC, Roebuck D, et al. Testicular catch-up growth after varicocele correction in adolescents. Pediatr Surg Int 1999; 15: 234-237
    • (1999) Pediatr Surg Int , vol.15 , pp. 234-237
    • Lund, L.1    Tang, Y.C.2    Roebuck, D.3
  • 13
    • 0026642535 scopus 로고
    • The influence of varicocele on parameters of fertility in a large group of men presenting to infertility clinics
    • World Health Organisation
    • World Health Organisation. The influence of varicocele on parameters of fertility in a large group of men presenting to infertility clinics. Fertil Steril 1992; 57: 1289-1293
    • (1992) Fertil Steril , vol.57 , pp. 1289-1293
  • 14
    • 0028118419 scopus 로고
    • The subclinical varicocele debate
    • Marsman JW, Schats R. The subclinical varicocele debate. Hum Reprod 1994; 9: 1-8
    • (1994) Hum Reprod , vol.9 , pp. 1-8
    • Marsman, J.W.1    Schats, R.2
  • 15
    • 0034852439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Varicocele and male infertility: Part II. Pathophysiology of varicoceles in male infertility
    • Naugton DK, Nangia AK, Agarwal A. Varicocele and male infertility: Part II. Pathophysiology of varicoceles in male infertility. Hum Reprod Update 2001; 7: 473-481
    • (2001) Hum Reprod Update , vol.7 , pp. 473-481
    • Naugton, D.K.1    Nangia, A.K.2    Agarwal, A.3
  • 17
    • 0025720162 scopus 로고
    • The pathogenesis of epididymo-testicular dysfunction in varicocele: Factors other than temperature
    • Comhaire F. The pathogenesis of epididymo-testicular dysfunction in varicocele: factors other than temperature. Adv Exp Med Biol 1991; 286: 281-287
    • (1991) Adv Exp Med Biol , vol.286 , pp. 281-287
    • Comhaire, F.1
  • 18
    • 0029080125 scopus 로고
    • Alteration of testicular microvascular pressures during venous pressure elevation
    • Sweeney TE, Rozum JS, Gore RW. Alteration of testicular microvascular pressures during venous pressure elevation. Am J Physiol 1995; 269: H37-45
    • (1995) Am J Physiol , vol.269
    • Sweeney, T.E.1    Rozum, J.S.2    Gore, R.W.3
  • 19
    • 0030806916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction in testicular temperature after varicocelectomy in infertile men
    • Wright EJ, Young GP, Goldstein M. Reduction in testicular temperature after varicocelectomy in infertile men. Urology 1997; 50: 257-259
    • (1997) Urology , vol.50 , pp. 257-259
    • Wright, E.J.1    Young, G.P.2    Goldstein, M.3
  • 20
    • 0024458868 scopus 로고
    • Elevation of intratesticular and scrotal skin surface temperature in men with varicocele
    • Goldstein M, Eid JF. Elevation of intratesticular and scrotal skin surface temperature in men with varicocele. J Urol 1989; 142: 743-745
    • (1989) J Urol , vol.142 , pp. 743-745
    • Goldstein, M.1    Eid, J.F.2
  • 21
    • 0026777820 scopus 로고
    • Varicocelectomy: Incidence of external vein involvement in the clinical varicocele
    • Chehval MJ, Purcell MH. Varicocelectomy: incidence of external vein involvement in the clinical varicocele. Urology 1992; 39: 573-575
    • (1992) Urology , vol.39 , pp. 573-575
    • Chehval, M.J.1    Purcell, M.H.2
  • 22
    • 0018854566 scopus 로고
    • Venous tension patterns in cord veins in normal and varicocele individuals
    • Shafik A, Bedeir GAM. Venous tension patterns in cord veins in normal and varicocele individuals. J Urol 1980; 123: 383-385
    • (1980) J Urol , vol.123 , pp. 383-385
    • Shafik, A.1    Bedeir, G.A.M.2
  • 23
    • 0020511146 scopus 로고
    • Hormonal profile in infertile men
    • Papadimas J, Mantalenakis S. Hormonal profile in infertile men. Arch Androl 1983; 11: 73-80
    • (1983) Arch Androl , vol.11 , pp. 73-80
    • Papadimas, J.1    Mantalenakis, S.2
  • 24
    • 0032829436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Varicocele is associated with elevated spermatozoal reactive oxygen species production and diminished seminal plasma antioxidant capacity
    • Hendin B, Kolettis P, Sharma RK, et al. Varicocele is associated with elevated spermatozoal reactive oxygen species production and diminished seminal plasma antioxidant capacity. J Urol 1999; 161: 1831-1834
    • (1999) J Urol , vol.161 , pp. 1831-1834
    • Hendin, B.1    Kolettis, P.2    Sharma, R.K.3
  • 25
    • 0032922098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of reactive oxygen species induced effects on human spermatozoa movement and energy metabolism
    • Armstrong JS, Rajasekaran M, Chamulitrat W, et al. Characterization of reactive oxygen species induced effects on human spermatozoa movement and energy metabolism. Free Rad Biol Med 1999; 26: 869-880
    • (1999) Free Rad Biol Med , vol.26 , pp. 869-880
    • Armstrong, J.S.1    Rajasekaran, M.2    Chamulitrat, W.3
  • 26
    • 0034758449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress, DNA damage and the Y chromosome
    • Aitken RJ, Krausz C. Oxidative stress, DNA damage and the Y chromosome. Reproduction 2001; 122: 497-506
    • (2001) Reproduction , vol.122 , pp. 497-506
    • Aitken, R.J.1    Krausz, C.2
  • 27
    • 0034899359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biologic variability of sperm DNA denaturation in infertile men
    • Zini A, Kamal K, Phang D, et al. Biologic variability of sperm DNA denaturation in infertile men. Urology 2001; 58: 258-261
    • (2001) Urology , vol.58 , pp. 258-261
    • Zini, A.1    Kamal, K.2    Phang, D.3
  • 28
    • 0032196723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of apoptosis in testicular damage caused by varicocele
    • Simsek F, Turkeri L, Cevik I, et al. Role of apoptosis in testicular damage caused by varicocele. Arch Esp Urol 1998; 9: 947-950
    • (1998) Arch Esp Urol , vol.9 , pp. 947-950
    • Simsek, F.1    Turkeri, L.2    Cevik, I.3
  • 29
    • 0035140480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benoff S, Gilbert BR. Varicocele and male infertility: Part I. Preface. Hum Reprod Update 2001; 7: 47-54
    • Benoff S, Gilbert BR. Varicocele and male infertility: Part I. Preface. Hum Reprod Update 2001; 7: 47-54
  • 30
    • 0031669992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Update on treatment of varicocele: Counseling as effective as occlusion of the vena spermatica
    • Nieschlag E, Hertle L, Fischedick A, et al. Update on treatment of varicocele: counseling as effective as occlusion of the vena spermatica. Hum Reprod 1998; 13: 2147-2150
    • (1998) Hum Reprod , vol.13 , pp. 2147-2150
    • Nieschlag, E.1    Hertle, L.2    Fischedick, A.3
  • 31
    • 0038054451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of efficacy of varicocele repair for male subfertility: A systematic review
    • Evers JL, Collins JA. Assessment of efficacy of varicocele repair for male subfertility: a systematic review. Lancet 2003; 361: 1849-1852
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.361 , pp. 1849-1852
    • Evers, J.L.1    Collins, J.A.2
  • 32
    • 0036168905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Varicocele-the most common cause of male factor infertility?
    • Redmon JB, Carey P, Pryor JL. Varicocele-the most common cause of male factor infertility? Hum Reprod Update 2002; 8: 53-58
    • (2002) Hum Reprod Update , vol.8 , pp. 53-58
    • Redmon, J.B.1    Carey, P.2    Pryor, J.L.3
  • 34
    • 0026027753 scopus 로고
    • Physical examination for varicocele
    • Hargreave TB, Liakatas J. Physical examination for varicocele. Br J Urol 1991; 67: 328
    • (1991) Br J Urol , vol.67 , pp. 328
    • Hargreave, T.B.1    Liakatas, J.2
  • 35
    • 0032857167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sperm dysfunction in subfertile patients with varicocele and marginal semen analysis
    • Villanueva-Diaz CA, Vega-Hernandez EA, Diaz-Perez MA, et al. Sperm dysfunction in subfertile patients with varicocele and marginal semen analysis. Andrologia 1999; 31: 263-267
    • (1999) Andrologia , vol.31 , pp. 263-267
    • Villanueva-Diaz, C.A.1    Vega-Hernandez, E.A.2    Diaz-Perez, M.A.3
  • 36
    • 0034839692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Varicocele and male infertility: Part II. The pathophysiology of varicoceles in the light of current molecular and genetic information
    • Marmar JL. Varicocele and male infertility: Part II. The pathophysiology of varicoceles in the light of current molecular and genetic information. Hum Reprod Update 2001; 7: 461-472
    • (2001) Hum Reprod Update , vol.7 , pp. 461-472
    • Marmar, J.L.1
  • 37
    • 11844306023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Semen profile, testicular volume and hormonal levels in infertile patients with varicoceles compared with fertile men with and without varicoceles
    • Pasqualotto FF, Lucon AM, De Goes PM, et al. Semen profile, testicular volume and hormonal levels in infertile patients with varicoceles compared with fertile men with and without varicoceles. Fertil Steril 2005; 83: 74-77
    • (2005) Fertil Steril , vol.83 , pp. 74-77
    • Pasqualotto, F.F.1    Lucon, A.M.2    De Goes, P.M.3
  • 38
    • 0035142686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of varicocele on male fertility
    • Jarow JP. Effects of varicocele on male fertility. Hum Reprod Update 2001; 7: 59-64
    • (2001) Hum Reprod Update , vol.7 , pp. 59-64
    • Jarow, J.P.1
  • 39
    • 0027461510 scopus 로고
    • Loss of fertility in men with varicocele
    • Gorelick JI, Goldstein M. Loss of fertility in men with varicocele. Fertil Steril 1993; 59: 613-616
    • (1993) Fertil Steril , vol.59 , pp. 613-616
    • Gorelick, J.I.1    Goldstein, M.2
  • 40
    • 0027378134 scopus 로고
    • Varicocele: A progressive or static lesion?
    • Witt M, Lipschultz L. Varicocele: A progressive or static lesion? Urology 1993; 42: 541-543
    • (1993) Urology , vol.42 , pp. 541-543
    • Witt, M.1    Lipschultz, L.2
  • 41
    • 0026565940 scopus 로고
    • Deterioration of semen parameters over time in men with untreated varicocele: Evidence of progressive testicular damage
    • Chehval MJ, Purcell MH. Deterioration of semen parameters over time in men with untreated varicocele: evidence of progressive testicular damage. Fertil Steril 1992; 57: 174-177
    • (1992) Fertil Steril , vol.57 , pp. 174-177
    • Chehval, M.J.1    Purcell, M.H.2
  • 42
    • 0030060348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of varicoceles in men with primary and secondary infertility
    • Jarow JP, Coburn M, Sigman, M. Incidence of varicoceles in men with primary and secondary infertility. Urology 1996; 47: 73-76
    • (1996) Urology , vol.47 , pp. 73-76
    • Jarow, J.P.1    Coburn, M.2    Sigman, M.3
  • 43
    • 0027935585 scopus 로고
    • Treatment outcome after varicocelectomy. A critical analysis
    • Schlesinger MH, Wilets IF, Nagler HM. Treatment outcome after varicocelectomy. A critical analysis. Urol Clin North Am 1994; 21: 517-529
    • (1994) Urol Clin North Am , vol.21 , pp. 517-529
    • Schlesinger, M.H.1    Wilets, I.F.2    Nagler, H.M.3
  • 44
    • 0021044880 scopus 로고
    • Is conventional sperm analysis of any use?
    • Hargreave TB, Elton RA. Is conventional sperm analysis of any use? Br J Urol 1983; 55: 774-779
    • (1983) Br J Urol , vol.55 , pp. 774-779
    • Hargreave, T.B.1    Elton, R.A.2
  • 45
    • 0001197112 scopus 로고
    • The male factor in fertility and infertility II Spermatozoon counts in 1000 men of known fertility and in 1000 cases of infertile marriage
    • MacLeod J, Gold RZ. The male factor in fertility and infertility II Spermatozoon counts in 1000 men of known fertility and in 1000 cases of infertile marriage. J Urol 1951; 66: 436-449
    • (1951) J Urol , vol.66 , pp. 436-449
    • MacLeod, J.1    Gold, R.Z.2
  • 46
    • 0022371210 scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous improvement in semen quality: Regression towards the mean
    • Baker HW, Kovacs GT. Spontaneous improvement in semen quality: regression towards the mean. Int J Androl 1985; 8: 421-426
    • (1985) Int J Androl , vol.8 , pp. 421-426
    • Baker, H.W.1    Kovacs, G.T.2
  • 47
    • 0018570188 scopus 로고
    • Improvement of semen and pregnancy rate after ligation and division of the internal spermatic vein: Fact or fiction?
    • Nilson S, Edvinsson A, Nilson B. Improvement of semen and pregnancy rate after ligation and division of the internal spermatic vein: fact or fiction? Br J Urol 1979; 51: 591-596
    • (1979) Br J Urol , vol.51 , pp. 591-596
    • Nilson, S.1    Edvinsson, A.2    Nilson, B.3
  • 48
    • 84907126117 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of varicocele and male fertility
    • Breznik R, Vlausavlievic V, Borko E. Treatment of varicocele and male fertility. Arch Androl 1993; 30: 157-160
    • (1993) Arch Androl , vol.30 , pp. 157-160
    • Breznik, R.1    Vlausavlievic, V.2    Borko, E.3
  • 49
    • 0028861217 scopus 로고
    • Controlled trial of high spermatic vein ligation for varicocele in infertile men
    • Madgar I, Weissenberg R, Lunenfeld B, et al. Controlled trial of high spermatic vein ligation for varicocele in infertile men. Fertil Steril 1995; 63: 120-124
    • (1995) Fertil Steril , vol.63 , pp. 120-124
    • Madgar, I.1    Weissenberg, R.2    Lunenfeld, B.3
  • 50
    • 0028939865 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of varicocele: Councelling as effective as occlusion of the vena spermatica
    • Nieschlag E, Hertle L, Fischedick A, Behre HM. Treatment of varicocele: councelling as effective as occlusion of the vena spermatica. Hum Reprod 1995; 10: 347-353
    • (1995) Hum Reprod , vol.10 , pp. 347-353
    • Nieschlag, E.1    Hertle, L.2    Fischedick, A.3    Behre, H.M.4
  • 51
    • 0029868663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of varicocelectomy on sperm parameters and pregnancy rate in patients with subclinical varicocele: A randomized prospective controlled study
    • Yamamoto M, Hibi H, Hirata Y, et al. Effect of varicocelectomy on sperm parameters and pregnancy rate in patients with subclinical varicocele: a randomized prospective controlled study. J Urol 1996; 155: 1636-1638
    • (1996) J Urol , vol.155 , pp. 1636-1638
    • Yamamoto, M.1    Hibi, H.2    Hirata, Y.3
  • 52
    • 0033961555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low grade left varicocele in patients over 30 years old: The effect of spermatic vein ligation
    • Grasso M, Lania C, Castelli M, et al. Low grade left varicocele in patients over 30 years old: the effect of spermatic vein ligation. BJU Int 2000; 85: 305-307
    • (2000) BJU Int , vol.85 , pp. 305-307
    • Grasso, M.1    Lania, C.2    Castelli, M.3
  • 53
    • 0035571156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clomiphene citrate versus varicocelectomy in treatment of subclinical varicocele: A prospective randomized study
    • Unal D, Yeni E, Verit A, Karatas OF. Clomiphene citrate versus varicocelectomy in treatment of subclinical varicocele: a prospective randomized study. Int J Urol 2001; 8: 227-230
    • (2001) Int J Urol , vol.8 , pp. 227-230
    • Unal, D.1    Yeni, E.2    Verit, A.3    Karatas, O.F.4
  • 54
    • 0036016582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does treatment of varicocele improve male fertility? Results of the "Deutsche Varikozelenstudie", a multicentre study of 14 collaborating centres
    • Krause W, Mueller H-H, Schaefer H, Weidner W. Does treatment of varicocele improve male fertility? Results of the "Deutsche Varikozelenstudie", a multicentre study of 14 collaborating centres. Andrologia 2002; 34: 164-171
    • (2002) Andrologia , vol.34 , pp. 164-171
    • Krause, W.1    Mueller, H.-H.2    Schaefer, H.3    Weidner, W.4
  • 55
    • 33744822472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of sperm quality on embryo development after intracytoplasmic sperm injection
    • Loutradi KE, Tarlatzis BC, Goulis DG, et al. The effects of sperm quality on embryo development after intracytoplasmic sperm injection. J Assist Reprod Genet 2006; 23: 69-74
    • (2006) J Assist Reprod Genet , vol.23 , pp. 69-74
    • Loutradi, K.E.1    Tarlatzis, B.C.2    Goulis, D.G.3
  • 56
    • 0342617535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fertilization and pregnancy rates after intracytoplasmic sperm injection using ejaculate semen and surgically retrieved sperm
    • Aboulgar MA, Mansour RT, Serour GI, et al. Fertilization and pregnancy rates after intracytoplasmic sperm injection using ejaculate semen and surgically retrieved sperm. Fertil Steril 1997; 681: 108-111
    • (1997) Fertil Steril , vol.681 , pp. 108-111
    • Aboulgar, M.A.1    Mansour, R.T.2    Serour, G.I.3
  • 57
    • 32944478584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of spermatogenesis in azoospermic men after varicocelectomy repair: An update
    • Pasqualotto FF, Sobreiro BP, Hallak J, et al. Induction of spermatogenesis in azoospermic men after varicocelectomy repair: an update. Fertil Steril 2006; 85: 635-639
    • (2006) Fertil Steril , vol.85 , pp. 635-639
    • Pasqualotto, F.F.1    Sobreiro, B.P.2    Hallak, J.3
  • 58
    • 2942518006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of varicocelectomy in men with nonobstructive azoospermia
    • Schlegel PN, Kaufmann J. Role of varicocelectomy in men with nonobstructive azoospermia. Fertil Steril 2004; 81: 1585-1588
    • (2004) Fertil Steril , vol.81 , pp. 1585-1588
    • Schlegel, P.N.1    Kaufmann, J.2
  • 59
    • 79961216316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Azoospermia: Clinical, hormonal and biochemical investigation
    • Papadimas J, Papadopoulou F, Ioannidis E, et al. Azoospermia: Clinical, hormonal and biochemical investigation. Arch Androl 1996; 37:97-102
    • (1996) Arch Androl , vol.37 , pp. 97-102
    • Papadimas, J.1    Papadopoulou, F.2    Ioannidis, E.3
  • 60
    • 0027431999 scopus 로고
    • Ultrasonographic diagnosis of varicoceles
    • Eskew LA, Watson NE, Wolfman N, et al. Ultrasonographic diagnosis of varicoceles. Fertil Steril 1993; 60: 693-697
    • (1993) Fertil Steril , vol.60 , pp. 693-697
    • Eskew, L.A.1    Watson, N.E.2    Wolfman, N.3
  • 61
    • 0027272459 scopus 로고
    • High fertilization and implantation rates after intracytoplasmic sperm injection
    • Van Steirteghem AC, Nagy Z, Joris H, et al. High fertilization and implantation rates after intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Hum Reprod 1993; 8: 1061-1066
    • (1993) Hum Reprod , vol.8 , pp. 1061-1066
    • Van Steirteghem, A.C.1    Nagy, Z.2    Joris, H.3
  • 62
    • 4444244638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Male Infertility Best Practice Policy Committee of the American Urological Association and The Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Report on varicocele and infertility. Fertil Steril 2004; 82 suppl. 1, S142-S145
    • The Male Infertility Best Practice Policy Committee of the American Urological Association and The Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Report on varicocele and infertility. Fertil Steril 2004; 82 (suppl. 1): S142-S145
  • 63
    • 0036893904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cost-effectiveness of treatment for varicocele related infertility
    • Penson DF, Paltiel AD, Krumholz HM, Palter S. The cost-effectiveness of treatment for varicocele related infertility. J Urol 2002; 168: 2490-2494
    • (2002) J Urol , vol.168 , pp. 2490-2494
    • Penson, D.F.1    Paltiel, A.D.2    Krumholz, H.M.3    Palter, S.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.