A new method of characterization for stratified thermal energy stores

Solar Energy

Volumn 81, Issue 8, 2007, Pages 1043-1054

  Panthalookaran, V ^a   Heidemann, W ^a   Muller Steinhagen H ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF STUTTGART   (Germany)

^b GERMAN AEROSPACE CENTER DLR   (Germany)

Author keywords

Aspect ratio; Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model; Containment shape; Containment size; Energy response factor; Entropy generation ratio; First law of thermodynamics; Hot water seasonal heat store; Internal structures; Second law of thermodynamics; Stratified thermal energy store (TES) characterization

Indexed keywords

CONTAINMENT SHAPE; CONTAINMENT SIZE; ENERGY RESPONSE FACTOR; INTERNAL STRUCTURES; STRATIFIED THERMAL ENERGY STORE (TES);

ASPECT RATIO; COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS; COMPUTER SIMULATION; ENTROPY; NUMERICAL METHODS; THERMAL ENERGY;

ENERGY STORAGE;

ASPECT RATIO; COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS; COMPUTER SIMULATION; ENERGY STORAGE; ENTROPY; NUMERICAL METHODS; THERMAL ENERGY;

COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS; CONTAINMENT; DESIGN; ENERGY EFFICIENCY; ENTROPY; SIMULATION; THERMODYNAMICS; WARM WATER;

EID: 34447636389     PISSN: 0038092X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2006.11.012     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Alizadeh S. An experimental and numerical study of thermal stratification in a horizontal cylindrical solar storage tank. Solar Energy 66 (1999) 409-421
2. Baines W.D., Martin W.W., and Sinclare L.A. On design of stratified thermal storage tank. ASHRAE Transactions 88 (1982) 426-439
3. Baines W.D., Martin W.W., and Smith D.M. Development of stratification in a rectangular tank by horizontal inflow. Journal of Fluids Engineering 105 (1983) 59-64
4. Bejan A. Two thermodynamic optima in the design and operation of thermal energy storage systems. Journal of Heat Transfer 100 (1978) 708-712
5. Bejan A. Entropy Generation through Heat and Fluid Flow (1982), John Wiley & Sons, New York
6. Bejan A. Entropy Generation Minimization (1996), CRS Press, New York
7. Bouhdjar A., and Harhad A. Numerical analysis of transient mixed convection flow in storage tank: influence of fluid properties and aspect ratios on stratification. Renewable Energy 25 (2002) 555-567
8. Cabelli A. Storage tanks-a numerical experiment. Solar Energy 19 (1977) 45-54
9. Chan A.M.C., Smereka P.S., and Giusti D. A numerical study of transient mixed convection flows in a thermal storage tank. Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, Transactions of ASME 105 (1983) 246-253
10. Cotter M.A., and Charles M.E. Transient cooling of petroleum by natural convection in cylindrical storage tanks: 2 - Effect of heat transfer coefficient, aspect ratio, and temperature-dependent viscosity. International Journal of Heat Mass Transfer 36 (1993) 2175-2182
11. Davidson J.H., Adams D.A., and Miller J.A. A coefficient to characterize mixing in solar water storage tanks. Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, Transactions of ASME 116 (1994) 94-99
12. Eames P.C., and Norton B. The effect of tank geometry on thermally stratified sensible heat storage subject to low Reynolds number flows. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 41 (1998) 2131-2142
13. Hahne E., and Chen Y. Numerical study of flow and heat transfer characteristics in hot water stores. Solar Energy 64 (1998) 9-18
14. Homan K.O. Internal entropy generation limits for direct sensible thermal storage. Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Transactions of ASME 125 (2003) 85-93
15. Hyun J.M. Transient process of thermally stratifying an initially homogeneous fluid in an enclosure. International Journal of Heat Mass Transfer 27 (1984) 1936-1938
16. Ismail, K.A.R., Carrocci, L.R., 1988. Performance and economical analysis of stratified storage tanks. In: Proceedings of Jigastock, Fourth International Conference on Energy Storage for Building Heating and Cooling, Versailles, vol. 2, pp. 753-756.
17. Ismail K.A.R., Leal J.F.B., and Zanardi M.A. Models of liquid storage tanks. Energy-the International Journal 22 (1997) 805-815
18. Jesch L.F., and Braun J.E. Variable volume storage and stratified storage for improved water heater performance. Solar Energy 33 (1984) 83-87
19. Krane R.J. A second law analysis of the optimum design and operation of thermal energy storage systems. International Journal of Heat Mass Transfer 30 (1987) 43-57
20. Lavan Z., and Thompson J. Experimental study of thermally stratified hot water storage tanks. Solar Energy 19 (1977) 519-524
21. Li Z.F., and Sumathy K. Performance study of a partitioned thermally stratified storage tank in a solar powered absorption. Applied Thermal Energy 22 (2002) 1207-1216
22. Matrawy K.K., Farkas I., and Buzás J. Optimum selection of the aspect ratio of solar storage tank. EuroSun'96 (1996) 251-255
23. Mavros R., Belessiotis V., and Haralambopoulos D. Stratified energy storage vessels: characterization of performance and modeling of mixing behavior. Solar Energy 52 (1994) 327-336
24. Moran M.J. Availability Analysis: A Guide to Efficient Energy Use (1989), ASME, New York
25. Moran, M.J., Keyhani, V., 1982. Second law analysis of thermal energy storage systems. In: Proceedings of the Seventh International Heat Transfer Conference, Munich, vol. 6, pp. 473-478.
26. Moretti P.M., and McLaughlin D.K. Hydraulic modeling of mixing in stratified lakes. Journal of the Hydraulics Division 103 (1977) 367-380
27. Nelson J.E.B., Balakrishnan A.R., and Murthy S.S. Parametric studies on thermally stratified chilled water storage systems. Applied Thermal Engineering 19 (1999) 89-115
28. Nelson J.E.B., Balakrishnan A.R., and Murthy S.S. Experiments on stratified chilled water tanks. International Journal of Refrigeration 22 (1999) 216-234
29. Panthalookaran, V., 2006. CFD-assisted characterization and design of hot water seasonal heat stores. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Stuttgart, submitted.
30. Panthalookaran, V., Heidemann, W., Müller-Steinhagen, H., 2006a. CFD-unterstütztes Design von Heißwasser-Langzeit-Wärmespeichern. In: Proceedings of the 16th Symposium Thermische Solarenergie, May, 2006, Bad Staffelstein, Germany, pp. 383-389.
31. Panthalookaran, V., Heidemann, W., Müller-Steinhagen, H., 2006b. CDF-based design and characterization of hot water seasonal heat stores. In: Proceedings of Ecostock, the Tenth International Conference on Thermal Energy Storage, The Richard Stockton College of New Jersey, May 31-June 2, 2006.
32. Philips W.F., and Dave R.N. Effects of stratification on the performance of liquid-based solar heating systems. Solar Energy 29 (1982) 111-120
33. Rahm L., and Walin G. Theory and experiments on the control of the stratification in almost-enclosed regions. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 90 (1979) 315-325
34. Rosen M.A. Appropriate thermodynamic performance measures for closed systems for thermal energy storage. Transactions of ASME, Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 114 (1992) 100-105
35. Rosen M.A. Second law analysis: approaches and implications. International Journal of Energy Research 23 (1999) 415-429
36. Rosen M.A. The exergy of stratified thermal energy storages. Solar Energy 71 (2001) 173-185
37. Rosen M.A., and Dincer I. Exergy methods for assessing and comparing thermal storage systems. International Journal of Energy Research 27 (2003) 415-430
38. Rosen M.A., Hooper F.C., and Barbaris L.N. Exergy analysis for the evaluation of the performance of closed thermal energy storage systems. ASME Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 110 (1988) 255-261
39. Rosen M.A., Tang R., and Dincer I. Effect of stratification on energy and exergy capacities in thermal storage systems. International Journal of Energy Research 28 (2004) 177-193
40. Rosengarten G., Morrison G., and Behnia M. A second law approach to characterizing thermally stratified hot water storage with application to solar heaters. Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, Transactions of ASME 121 (1999) 194-200
41. Shah L.J., and Furbo S. Entrance effects in solar storage tanks. Solar Energy 75 (2003) 337-348
42. Sharp M.K., and Loehrke R.I. Stratified versus well-mixed sensible heat storage in a solar space heating system. ASME 78-HT-49 (1978) 1-7
43. Shyu R.J., and Hsieh C.K. Unsteady natural convection in enclosure with stratified medium. Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 109 (1987) 127-133
44. Stefan H.G., and Gu R. Efficiency of jet-mixing of temperature-stratified water. Journal of Environmental Engineering, ASCE 118 (1992) 363-379
45. Tran, N., Kreider, J.F., Brothers, P., 1988. Final Report field measurement of chilled water storage system performance. Joint center for energy management, University of Colorado, Boulder.
46. VDI Wärmeatlas, VDI-Gesselschaft Verfahrentechnik und Chemieingenieurwesen, (Ed.), 2002. ninth ed. Springer, Berlin.
47. Wildin M.W., and Truman C.R. Performance of stratified vertical cylindrical thermal storage tanks. Part 1: Scale model tank. ASHRAE Transactions 95 (1989) 1086-1095
48. Wu, L., Bennerot, R.B., 1987. An experimental study of the effect of water extraction on thermal stratification in storage. In: Proceedings of the ASME-JSME-JSES Solar Energy Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, pp. 445-451.
49. Yoo H., and Pak E.-T. Theoretical model of the charging process for stratified thermal storage tank. Solar Energy 51 (1993) 513-519
50. Yoo J., Wildin M.W., and Truman C.R. Initial formation of a thermocline in stratified thermal storage. ASHRAE transactions 92 (1986) 280-291
51. Young M., and Baughn J.W. An investigation of thermal stratification in horizontal storage tanks. ASME Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 103 (1981) 183-188