Arterial Ischemic Stroke in Children

Neuroimaging Clinics of North America

Volumn 17, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 175-187

  Kimchi, Tali Jonas ^a,b   Agid, Ronit ^b   Lee, Seon Kyu ^b   Ter Brugge, Karel G ^b  

^a SHEBA MEDICAL CENTER   (Israel)

^b TORONTO WESTERN HOSPITAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT; FIBRINOLYTIC AGENT;

BLOOD CLOTTING DISORDER; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CLINICAL FEATURE; CONVULSION; DISSECTION; HEART DISEASE; HEMATOLOGIC DISEASE; HUMAN; IMAGING; LETHARGY; METABOLIC DISORDER; MIGRAINOUS STROKE; MOYAMOYA DISEASE; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PEDIATRICS; PHACE SYNDROME; PHAKOMATOSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; RENDU OSLER WEBER DISEASE; REVIEW; STROKE; VASCULAR DISEASE;

ADOLESCENT; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL ARTERIES; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MALE; TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY COMPUTED;

EID: 34447523707     PISSN: 10525149     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2007.02.007     Document Type: Review

References (55)

1. Schoenberg B.S., Mellinger J.F., and Schoenberg D.G. Cerebrovascular disease in infants and children: a study of incidence, clinical features, and survival. Neurology 28 8 (1978) 763-768
2. Broderick J., Talbot G.T., Prenger E., et al. Stroke in children within a major metropolitan area: the surprising importance of intracerebral hemorrhage. J Child Neurol 8 (1993) 250-255
3. Giroud M., Lemesle M., Gouyon J.B., et al. Cerebrovascular disease in children under 16 years of age in the city of Dijon, Franc: a study of incidence and clinical features from 1983 to 1993. J Clin Epidemiol 48 11 (1995) 1343-1348
4. deVeber G. Stroke and the child's brain: an overview of epidemiology, syndromes and risk factors. Curr Opin Neurol 15 2 (2002) 133-138
5. Kuhle S., Mitchell L., Andrew M., et al. Urgent clinical challenges in children with ischemic stroke: analysis of 1065 patients from the 1-800-NOCLOTS pediatric stroke telephone consultation service. Stroke 37 (2006) 116-122
6. Bouza H., Rutherford M., Acolet D., et al. Evolution of early hemiplegic signs in full-term infants with unilateral brain lesions in the neonatal period: a prospective study. Neuropediatrics 25 4 (1994) 201-207
7. Golomb M.R., MacGregor D.L., Domi T., et al. Presumed pre- or perinatal arterial ischemic stroke: risk factors and outcomes. Ann Neurol 50 (2001) 163-168
8. Lanska M.J., Lanska D.J., Horwitz S.J., et al. Presentation, clinical course, and outcome of childhood stroke. Pediatr Neurol 7 5 (1991) 333-341
9. Aydinli N., Tatli B., Çalişkan M., et al. Stroke in childhood: experience in Istanbul, Turkey. J Trop Pediatr 52 3 (2006) 158-162
10. Miller G., Mamourian A.C., Tesman J.R., et al. Long-term MRI changes in brain after pediatric open heart surgery. J Child Neurol 9 4 (1994) 390-397
11. Kaplan D.M., McCrindle B., and deVeber G.A. Stroke and congenital heart disease: frequency and predictors of stroke associated with cardiac catheterization and surgery in infants and children. Neurology 52 6 Suppl 2 (1999) A151
12. Majersik J.J., and Skalabrin E.J. Single-gene stroke disorders. Semin Neurol 26 1 (2006) 33-48
13. Gallitelli M., Pasculli G., Fiore T., et al. Emergencies in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia. QJM 99 1 (2006) 15-22
14. Chiu C.H., Lin T.Y., and Huang Y.C. Cranial nerve palsies and cerebral infarction in a young infant with meningococcal meningitis. Scand J Infect Dis 27 1 (1995) 75-76
15. Askalan R., Laughlin S., Supriya M., et al. Chickenpox and stroke in childhood: a study of frequency and causation. Stroke 32 (2001) 1257-1262
16. Moriarty D.M., Haller J.O., Loh J.P., et al. Cerebral infarction in pediatric acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Pediatr Radiol 24 8 (1994) 611-612
17. Chabrier S., Rodesch G., Lasjaunias P., et al. Transient cerebral arteriopathy: a disorder recognized by serial angiograms in children with stroke. J Child Neurol 13 1 (1998) 27-32
18. Syrjanen J. Infection as a risk factor for cerebral infarction. Eur Heart J 14 Suppl K (1993) 17-19
19. Berger T.M., Caduff J.H., and Gebbers J.O. Fatal varicella-zoster virus antigen-positive giant cell arteritis of the central nervous system. Pediatr Infect Dis J 19 7 (2000) 653-656
20. Lanthier S., Lortie A., Michaud J., et al. Isolated angiitis of the CNS in children. Neurology 56 7 (2001) 834-842
21. Kohrman M.H., and Huttenlocher P.R. Takayasu arteritis: a treatable cause of stroke in infancy. Pediatr Neurol 2 3 (1986) 154-158
22. Ganesan V., Prengler M., McShane M.A., et al. Investigation of risk factors in children with arterial ischemic stroke. Ann Neurol 53 (2003) 167-173
23. Chabrier S., Lasjaunias P., Husson B., et al. Ischemic stroke from dissection of the craniocervical arteries in childhood: report of 12 patients. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 7 1 (2003) 39-42
24. Schievink W.I., Mokri B., and Piepgras D.G. Spontaneous dissections of cervicocephalic arteries in childhood and adolescence. Neurology 44 9 (1994) 1607-1612
25. Fullerton H.J., Johnston S.C., and Smith W.S. Arterial dissection and stroke in children. Neurology 57 7 (2001) 1155-1160
26. Rafay M.F., Armstrong D., Deveber G., et al. Craniocervical arterial dissection in children: clinical and radiographic presentation and outcome. J Child Neurol 21 1 (2006) 8-16
27. Maki Y., and Enomoto T. Moyamoya disease. Childs Nerv Syst 4 4 (1988) 204-212
28. Yoshida S., Matsumoto S., Ban S., et al. Moyamoya disease progressing from unilateral to bilateral involvement-case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 32 12 (1992) 900-903
29. Kirkham F.J., Hewes D.K., Prengler M., et al. Nocturnal hypoxemia and central nervous system events in sickle cell disease. Lancet 357 (2001) 1656-1659
30. Prengler M., Pavlakis S.G., Prohovnik I., et al. Sickle cell disease: the neurological complications. Ann Neurol 51 (2002) 543-552
31. Ohene-Frempong K., Weiner S.J., Sleeper L.A., et al. Cerebrovascular accidents in sickle cell disease: rates and risk factors. Blood 91 1 (1998) 288-294
32. Lee M.T., Piomelli S., Granger S., et al. Stroke prevention trial in sickle cell anemia (STOP): extended follow-up and final results. Blood 108 3 (2006) 847-852
33. Kenet G., Sadetzki S., Murad H., et al. Factor V Leiden and antiphospholipid antibodies are significant risk factors for ischemic stroke in children. Stroke 31 (2000) 1283-1288
34. Nowak-Göttl U., Sträter R., Junker R., et al. Lipoprotein (a) and genetic polymorphisms of clotting factor V, prothrombin, and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase are risk factors of spontaneous ischemic stroke in childhood. Blood 94 (1999) 3678-3682
35. van Beynum I.M., Smeitink J.A., den Heijer M., et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia: a risk factor for ischemic stroke in children. Circulation 99 (1999) 2070-2072
36. Mudd S.H., Skovby F., Levy H.L., et al. The natural history of homocystinuria due to cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency. Am J Hum Genet 37 1 (1985) 1-31
37. Riikonen R., and Santavuori P. Hereditary and acquired risk factors for childhood stroke. Neuropediatrics 25 5 (1994) 227-233
38. Ebinger F., Boor R., Gawehn J., et al. Ischemic stroke and migraine in childhood: coincidence or causal relation?. J Child Neurol 14 7 (1999) 451-455
39. Burrows P.E., Robertson R.L., Mulliken J.B., et al. Cerebral vasculopathy and neurologic sequelae in infants with cervicofacial hemangioma: report of eight patients. Radiology 207 (1998) 601-607
40. Bhattacharya J.J., Luo C.B., Alvarez H., et al. PHACES syndrome: a review of eight previously unreported cases with late arterial occlusions. Neuroradiology 46 3 (2004) 227-233
41. Drolet B.A., Dohil M., Golomb M.R., et al. Early stroke and cerebral vasculopathy in children with facial hemangiomas and PHACE association. Pediatrics 117 (2006) 959-964
42. Kjeldsen A.D., Oxhoj H., Andersen P.E., et al. Prevalence of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) and occurrence of neurological symptoms in patients with hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). J Intern Med 248 3 (2000) 255-262
43. Gadian D.G., Calamante F., Kirkham F.J., et al. Diffusion and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging in childhood stroke. J Child Neurol 15 (2000) 279-283
44. Husson B., and Lasjaunias P. Radiological approach to disorders of arterial brain vessels associated with childhood arterial stroke-a comparison between MRA and contrast angiography. Pediatr Radiol 34 (2004) 10-15
45. Trescher W.H. Ischemic stroke syndromes in childhood. Pediatr Ann 21 6 (1992) 374-383
46. Baird T.A., Parsons M.W., Phanh T., et al. Persistent poststroke hyperglycemia is independently associated with infarct expansion and worse clinical outcome. Stroke 34 (2003) 2208-2214
47. Kirton A., and deVeber G. Therapeutic approaches and advances in pediatric stroke. NeuroRx 3 (2006) 133-142
48. Monagle P., Chan A., Massicotte P., et al. Antithrombotic therapy in children: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest 126 (2004) 645S-687S
49. Paediatric Stroke Working Group. Stroke in childhood: clinical guidelines for diagnosis, management and rehabilitation. 2004. Available at: http://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/pubs/books/childstroke/. Accessed June 1, 2005.
50. deVeber G. In pursuit of evidence-based treatments for paediatric stroke: the UK and Chest guidelines. Lancet Neurol 4 (2005) 432-436
51. deVeber G., MacGregor D., Curtis R., et al. Neurologic outcome in survivors of childhood arterial ischemic stroke and sinovenous thrombosis. J Child Neurol 15 (2000) 316-324
52. Delsing B.J., Castmen-Berrevoets C.E., and Appel I.M. Early prognostic indicator of outcome in ischemic childhood stroke. Pediatr Neurol 24 (2001) 283-289
53. Koelfen W., Freund M., Konig S., et al. Results of parenchymal and angiographic magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological testing of children after stroke as neonates. Eur J Pediatr 152 (1993) 1030-1035
54. Strater R., Becker S., von Eckardstein A., et al. Prospective assessment of risk factors for recurrent stroke during childhood: a 5-year follow-up study. Lancet 360 (2002) 1540-1545
55. Pegelow C.H., Adams R.J., McKie V., et al. Risk of recurrent stroke in patients with sickle cell disease treated with erythrocyte transfusions. J Pediatr 126 6 (1995) 896-899