Comparative process analysis of fullerene production by the arc and the radio-frequency discharge methods

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

Volumn 7, Issue 4-5, 2007, Pages 1357-1369

  Markovic Z ^a   Todorovic Markovic B ^a   Mohai, I ^b   Farkas, Z ^c   Kovats, E ^d   Szepvolgyi, J ^b   Otasevic D ^a,g   Scheier, P ^e   Feil, S ^e   Romcevic N ^f  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE   (Serbia)

^b CHEMICAL RESEARCH CENTER   (Hungary)

^c UNIVERSITY OF PANNONIA   (Hungary)

^d INSTITUTE OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE   (Hungary)

^e UNIVERSITY OF INNSBRUCK   (Austria)

^f UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE   (Serbia)

^g School of Mechanical Engineering   (Serbia)

Author keywords

Arc plasma; Fullerenes; RF plasma

Indexed keywords

CARBON ARCS; CARBON CONCENTRATIONS; COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS; FULLERENE PRODUCTION; FULLERENE SYNTHESIS; KINETIC MODELLING; PLASMA FLAMES; PLASMA REACTORS; PROCESS ANALYSIS; RADIO FREQUENCY (RF) DISCHARGES; RADIO FREQUENCY (RF) PLASMAS; ROTATIONAL TEMPERATURES;

CAVITY RESONATORS; ELECTRIC DISCHARGES; FLAME SPRAYING; FULLERENES; PLASMAS;

NANOSTRUCTURES;

CARBON; FULLERENE DERIVATIVE; GRAPHITE; NANOPARTICLE;

ARTICLE; CHEMICAL MODEL; CHEMISTRY; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CRYSTALLIZATION; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; KINETICS; METHODOLOGY; NANOTECHNOLOGY; RADIOFREQUENCY RADIATION; RAMAN SPECTROMETRY; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; STATISTICAL MODEL; TEMPERATURE;

CARBON; CRYSTALLIZATION; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; FULLERENES; GRAPHITE; KINETICS; MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON, SCANNING; MODELS, CHEMICAL; MODELS, STATISTICAL; NANOPARTICLES; NANOTECHNOLOGY; RADIO WAVES; SPECTRUM ANALYSIS, RAMAN; TEMPERATURE;

EID: 34447503931     PISSN: 15334880     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2007.315     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. H. W. Kroto, J. R. Heath, S. C. O'Brien, R. F. Curl, and R. E. Smalley, Nature 318, 162 (1985).
2. W. Krätschmer, L. D. Lamb, K. Fostiropoulos, and D. R. Huffman, Nature 347, 354 (1990).
3. H. W. Kroto, A. W. Allaf, and S. P. Balm, Chem. Rev. 91, 1213 (1991).
4. H. Murayama, S. Tomonoh, J. M. Alford, and M. E. Karpak, Full. Nanotubes & Carbon Nanostructur. 12, 1 (2004).
5. R. F. Curl, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London A 343, 19 (1993).
6. Yu. E. Lozovik and A. M. Popov, Uspehi Fizicheskih Nauk 167, 751 (1997).
7. S. Bosi, T. Da Ros, G. Spalluto, and M. Prato, J. Med. Chem. 38, 913 (2003).
8. L. J. Wilson, The Electrochem. Soc. Interface 24 (1999).
9. J. S. Shil, Y. C. Chao, M. F. Sung, G.J. Sau, and C. S. Chiou, Sensors and Actuators B 76, 347 (2001).
10. N. S. Sariciftci, D. Braun, C. Zhang, V. I. Srdanov, A. J. Heeger, G. Stuchy, and F. Wudl, Appl. Phys. Lett. 62, 585 (1993).
11. D. Afanas'ev, J. Blinov, A. Bogdanov, G. Dyuzhev, V. Karataev, and A. Kruglikov, Tech. Phys. 39, 1017 (1994).
12. T. T. Anderson, P. L. Dycr, J. W. Dykcs, P. Klavinis, P. E. Anderson, J. Z. Liu, and R. N. Shelton, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 65, 3820 (1994).
13. T. Mieno, Full. Sci. Teclmol. 3, 429 (1995).
14. T. Belz, J. Find, D. Herein, N. Pfandcr, T. Ruhle, H. Wcrncr, M. Wohlcrs, and R. Schlogl, Ber. Bunsendes. Phys. Chem. 101, 712 (1997).
15. F. Gao, S. Y, Xie, R. B. Huang, and L. S. Zheng, Chem. Comm. 2676 (2003).
16. N. I. Alekseyev and G. A. Dyuzhev, Carbon 41, 1343 (2003).
17. A. Scsli, B. Cicck, and M. Oymacl, Full. Nanotubes & Carbon Nanostructur. 13, 1 (2005).
18. L. P. F. Chibante, A. Thess, J. Alford, M. D. Diener, and R. E. Smalley, J. Phys. Chem. 97, 8696 (1993).
19. C. L. Field, D. H. Parker, J. R. Pitts, M. J. Hall, C. Bingham, A. Lewandowsky, and D. E. King, J. Phys. Chem. 97 8701 (1993).
20. J. B. Howard, J. T. McKinnon, Y. Makarovsky, A. L. Larleur, and M. E. Johnson, Nature 352, 139 (1991).
21. N. R. Conley and J. J. Lagowski, Carbon 40, 949 (2002).
22. H. Takehara, M. Fujiwara, M. Arikawa, M. D. Diener, and J. M. Alford, Carbon 43, 311 (2005).
23. L. Fulcheri, Y. Schwob, F. Fabry, G. Flamant, L. F. P. Chibante, and D. Laplaze, Carbon 38, 797 (2000).
24. C. Wang, T. Imahori, Y. Tanaka, T. Sakuta, H. Takikawa, and H. Matsuo, Thin Solid Films 390, 31 (2001).
25. C. Wang, A. Inazaki, T. Shirai, Y. Tanaka, T. Sakuta, H. Takikawa, and H. Matsuo, Thin Solid Films 42, 41 (2003).
26. G. Cota-Sanchez, G. Soucy, A. Huczko, J. Beauvais, and D. Drouin, J. Phys. Chem. B 108, 19210 (2004).
27. K. Yoshie, S. Kasuya, K. Eguchi, and T. Yoshida, Appl. Phys. Lett. 61, 2782 (1992).
28. R. Dubrovsky, V. Bezmelnitsyn, and A. Eletskii, Carbon 42, 1063 (2004).
29. N. E. Tran and J. J. Lagowski, Carbon 40, 939 (2002).
30. B. Todorović-Marković, Z. Marković, I. Mohai, Z. Karoly, L. Gal, K. Foglein, P. T. Szabo, and J. Szepvolgyi, Chem. Phys. Lett. 378, 434 (2003).
31. B. Todorović-Marković, Z. Marković, I. Mohai, Z. Nikolic, Z. Farkas, J. Szepvolgyi, E. Kovats, P. Scheier, and S. Feil, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 39, 320 (2006).
32. S. G. Kim and D. Tomanek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 2418 (1994).
33. Y. Yamaguchim and S. Maruyama, Chem. Phys. Lett. 286, 336 (1998).
34. S. Maruyama and Y. Yamaguchi, Chem. Phys. Lett. 286, 343 (1998).
35. G. Von Helden, M. T. Hsu, P. R. Kemper, and M. T. Bowers, J. Chem. Phys. 95, 3835 (1991).
36. G. Von. Helden, M. T. Hsu, N. Gotts, and M. T. Bowers, J. Phys. Chem. 97, 8182 (1993).
37. J. Hunter, J. L. Fye, E. J. Roskamp, and M. F. Jarrold, J. Phys. Chem. 99, 1785 (1993).
38. J. Hunter, J. L. Fye, E. J. Roskamp, and M. F. Jarrold, J. Phys. Chem. 98, 1810 (1994).
39. Y. Yamaguchi and S. Maruyama, Proceedings of 11th International Heat Transfer Conference Kyougju 4, 301 (1998).
40. Z. Marković, B. Todorović-Marković, T. Jokić, P. Pavlović, P. Stefanović, J. Blanuša, and T. Nenadović, Full. Sci. Technol. 6, 1057 (1998).
41. O. A. Nerushev and G. I. Suhinin, Zhur. Tech. Fiz. 67, 41 (1997).
42. Z. Marković, B. Todorović-Marković, and T. Nenadović, Full. Nanotubes & Carbon Nanostructur. 10, 81 (2002).
43. Z. Nikolić, Diameter Digital Analyser Software, version 2.0 (2003).
44. G. Herzberg, 1950 Spectra of Diatomic Molecules, 2nd Edn. New York, Van Nostrand.
45. S. Arepalli, P. Nikolaev, W. Holmes, and C. D. Scott, Appl. Phys. A 70, 125 (2000).
46. S. Pellerin, K. Moisol, O. Motret, B. Pokrzywka, and J. Chapelle, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 29, 2850 (1996).
47. B. Todorović-Marković, Z. Marković, Z. Nikolić, Z. Ristić, and T. Nenadović, Full. Nanotubes & Carbon Nanostructur. 12, 647 (2004).
48. H. Lange, K. Saidane, M. Razafinimanana, and A. Gleizes, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 32, 1024 (1999).
49. D. V. Afanas'ev, A. A. Bogdanov, G. A. Dyuzhev, and A. A. Kruglikov, Tech. Phys. 42, 234 (1997).
50. G. V. Dembovsky, Plasma Metallurgy, Elsevier, Amsterdam (1985), p. 217.
51. D. V. Afanas'ev, A. A. Bogdanov, G. A. Dyuzhev, and A. A. Kruglikov, Mol. Mat. 7, 93 (1996).
52. V. D. Shimanovich, I. P. Smaglikov, and A. I. Zolomovski, J. Eng. Phys. 71, 669 (1998).
53. G. I. Suhinin and O. A. Nerushev, Prik. Mech. Tech. Phys. 38, 140 (1997).
54. R. Dubrovsky and V. Bezmelnitsyn, Fullerenes, Nanotubes & Carbon Nanostructr. 12, 17 (2004).
55. B. Todorović-Marković, Z. Marković, I. Mohai, and J. Szepvolgyi, The Physics of Ionized Gases, AIP Conference Proceedings (2004), Vol. 740, p. 328.
56. J. Drowart, R. P. Burns, G. De Maria, and M. G. Inghram, J. Chem. Phys. 31, 1131 (1959).
57. M. S. Dresselhaus, G. Dresselhaus, and P. C. Eklund, J. Mater. Res. 8, 2054 (1993).
58. D. S. Bethune, G. Meijer, W. C. Tang, and H. J. Rosen, Chem. Phys. Lett. 174, 219 (1990).
59. G. Bastiaans and R. A. Mangold, Spectrochimica Acta 7, 885 (1985).
60. C. G. Parigger, J. O. Hornhohl, A. M. Keszler, and L. Nemes, Appl. Optics 42, 6192 (2003).
61. H. Nishiyama, T. Sato, S. Ito, T. Sato, and S. Kamiyama, Heat and Mass Transfer 36, 433 (2002).
62. M. I. Boulos, Workshop on Frontiers in Low Temperature Plasma Diagnostics III, Saillon, Switzerland (1999).
63. P. Buchner, H. Schubert, J. Uhlenbusch, and K. Willee, Plasma Chemistry & Plasma Processing 19, 341 (1999).
64. K. Gluch, S. Matt Leubner, O. Echt, B. Concina, P. Scheier, and T. D. Mark, J. Chem. Phys. 121, 2137 (2004).
65. G. A. Dyuzhev and V. I. Karataev, Phys. Solid State 36, 1528 (1994).
66. R. J. Cross and M. Saunders, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 3044 (2005).