Outcrop analog for mixed siliciclastic-carbonate ramp reservoirs - Stratigraphic hierarchy, facies architecture, and geologic heterogeneity: Grayburg Formation, Permian Basin, U.S.A.

Journal of Sedimentary Research

Volumn 77, Issue 1-2, 2007, Pages 34-58

  Barnaby, R J ^a   Ward, W B ^b  

^a Phillips Research Center 224GB   (United States)

^b Earthworks LLC   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARCHITECTURE; CARBONATION; SEA LEVEL; SEISMOLOGY; STRATIGRAPHY;

GEOLOGIC HETEROGENEITY; LATERAL HETEROGENEITY; LINEAR INTERPOLATION; SEA-LEVEL FLUCTUATIONS; SILICICLASTIC CARBONATES; STRATIGRAPHIC ARCHITECTURE; SUBSURFACE HETEROGENEITY; SUBSURFACE RESERVOIR;

DEPOSITION;

CARBONATE RAMP; CYCLICITY; DATA SET; DEPOSITIONAL SEQUENCE; FACIES; LITHOLOGY; OUTCROP; SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY; SILICICLASTIC DEPOSIT; SUCCESSION; TRANSGRESSION;

NEW MEXICO; NORTH AMERICA; PERMIAN BASIN; UNITED STATES;

EID: 34447302347     PISSN: 15271404     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2110/jsr.2007.007     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. BABCOCK, J.A., 1977, Calcareous algae, organic boundstones, and the genesis of upper Capitan Limestone (Permian Guadalupian) Guadalupe Mountains, West Texas and New Mexico, in Hileman, M.E., and Mazzullo, S.J., eds., Upper Guadalupian Facies, Permian Reef Complex, Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico and West Texas: Permian Basin Section, SEPM, Publication 77-16, p. 3-44.
2. BORER, J.M., AND HARRIS, P.M., 1989, Depositional facies and cycles in Yates Formation outcrops, Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico, in Harris, P.M., and Grover, G.A., eds., Subsurface and Outcrop Examination of the Capitan Shelf Margin, Northern Delaware Basin: SEPM, Core Workshop 13, p. 305-317.
3. BOYD, D.W., 1958, Permian Sedimentary Facies, Central Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico: New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources, Bulletin 49, 100 p.
4. CANDELARIA, M.P., 1989, Shallow marine sheet sandstones, Upper Yates Formation, Northwest Shelf, Delaware Basin, New Mexico, in Harris, P.M., and Grover, G.A., eds., Subsurface and Outcrop Examination of the Capitan Shelf Margin, Northern Delaware Basin: SEPM, Core Workshop 13, p. 319-324.
5. COFFIN, M., GAHAGAN, L., LAWVER, L., LEE, T.-Y., AND ROSENCRANTZ, E. , 1992, Atlas of Mesozoic/Cenozoic reconstructions (200 Ma to present day) plates: University of Texas Institute for Geophysics, Technical Report 122, 49 p.
6. CROWLEY, T.J., AND BAUM, S.K., 1991, Estimating Carboniferous sea-level fluctuations from Gondwana ice extent: Geology, v. 19, p. 975-977.
7. DUNHAM, R.J., 1962, Classification of carbonate rocks according to depositional texture, in Ham, W.E., ed., Classifications of Carbonate Rocks - A Symposium: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir 1, p. 108-121.
8. ENTZMINGER, D.J., FERDINAND, K., LAWSON, D., LOUCKS, R., MESCHER, P., AND PATTY, K., 2000, Corrigan-Cowden unit: The next generation, in Reid, S.T., ed., Geo-2000: Into the Future: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Southwest Section, Transactions, West Texas Geological Society, Publication 2000-107, p. 139-159.
9. FEKETE, T.E., FRANSEEN, E.K., AND PRAY, L.C., 1986, Deposition and erosion of the Grayburg Formation (Guadalupian, Permian) at the shelf-to-basin margin, western escarpment, Guadalupe Mountains, Texas, in Moore, G.E., and Wilde, G.L., eds., Lower and Middle Guadalupian Facies, Stratigraphy, and Reservoir Geometries, San Andres-Grayburg Formations, Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico and Texas: SEPM, Permian Basin Section, Special Publication 25, p. 69-81.
10. FISCHER, A.G., AND SARNTHEIN, M., 1988, Airborne silts and dune-derived sands in the Permian of the Delaware Basin: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 58, p. 637-643.
11. FITCHEN, W.M., 1993, Sequence stratigraphic framework of the Upper San Andres Formation and equivalent basinal strata in the Brokeoff Mountains, Otero County, New Mexico: New Mexico Geological Society, 44th Field Conference, Guidebook, Carlsbad Region, New Mexico and West Texas, p. 185-193.
12. FRANSEEN, E.K., FEKETE, T.E., AND PRAY, L.C., 1989, Evolution and destruction of a carbonate bank at the shelf margin: Grayburg Formation (Permian), western escarpment, Guadalupe Mountains, Texas, in Crevello, P.D., Wilson, J.L., Sarg, J.F., and Read, J.F., eds., Controls on Carbonate Platform and Basin Development: SEPM, Special Publication 44, p, 289-304.
13. GALLOWAY, W.E., EWING, T.E., GARRETT, C.M., TYLER, N., AND BEBOUT, D.G., 1983, Atlas of Major Texas Oil Reservoirs: The University of Texas at Austin, Bureau of Economic Geology, 139 p.
14. GOLDHAMMER, R.K., DUNN, P.A., AND HARDIE, L.A., 1990, Depositional cycles, composite sea level changes, cycle stacking patterns, and the hierarchy of stratigraphic forcing - examples from platform carbonates of the Alpine Triassic: Geological Society of America, Bulletin, v. 102, p. 535-562.
15. GRANT, C.W., GOGGIN, D.J., AND HARRIS, P.M., 1994, Outcrop analog for cyclic-shelf reservoirs, San Andres Formation of Permian Basin: stratigraphic framework, permeability distribution, geostatistics, and fluid flow modeling: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, v. 78, p. 23-54.
16. GROTZINGER, J.P., 1986, Cyclicity and paleoenvironmental dynamics, Rocknest platform, northwest Canada: Geological Society of America, Bulletin, v. 97, p. 1208-1231.
17. HARRIS, P.M., KERANS, C., AND BEBOUT, D.G., 1993, Ancient outcrop and modern examples of platform carbonate cycles - implications for subsurface correlation and understanding reservoir heterogeneity, in Loucks, R.G., and Sarg, J.F., eds., Carbonate Sequence Stratigraphy: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir 57, p. 475-492.
18. HAYES, P.T., 1964, Geology of the Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 446, 69 p.
19. HORAK, R.L., 1985, Tectonic and hydrocarbon maturation history in the Permian Basin: Oil and Gas Journal, v. 83, p. 124-129.
20. JENNINGS, J.W., JR., 2000, Spatial statistics of permeability data from carbonate outcrops of West Texas and New Mexico: Implications for improved reservoir modeling: The University of Texas at Austin, Bureau of Economic Geology, Report of Investigations 258, 50 p.
21. JENNINGS, J.W., JR., RUPPEL, S.C., AND WARD, W.B., 2000, Geostatistical analysis of permeability data and modeling of fluid-flow effects in carbonate outcrops: Society of Petroleum Engineers, Reservoir Evaluation and Engineering, v. 3, no. 4, p. 292-303.
22. KERANS, C., AND FITCHEN, W.M., 1995, Sequence hierarchy and facies architecture of a carbonate-ramp system: San Andres Formation of Algerita Escarpment and Western Guadalupe Mountains, West Texas and New Mexico: The University of Texas at Austin, Bureau of Economic Geology, Report of Investigations 235, 86 p.
23. KERANS, C., AND NANCE, H.S., 1991, High-frequency cyclicity and regional depositional patterns of the Grayburg Formation, Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico, in Meader-Roberts, S., Candelaria, M.P., and Moore, G.E., eds., Sequence Stratigraphy, Facies and Reservoir Geometries of the San Andres, Grayburg and Queen Formations, Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico and Texas: SEPM, Permian Basin Section Publication 32, p. 53-96.
24. KERANS, C., AND TINKER, S.W., 1997, Sequence Stratigraphy and Characterization of Carbonate Reservoirs: SEPM, Short Course Notes 40, 130 p.
25. KERANS, C., AND TINKER, S.W., 1999, Extrinsic stratigraphic controls on development of the Capitan Reef complex, in Saller, A.H., Harris, P.M., Kirkland, B.L., and Mazzullo, S.J., eds., Geologic Framework of the Capitan Reef: SEPM, Special Publication 65, p. 15-36.
26. KERANS, C., FITCHEN, W.H., GARDNER, M.S., SONNENFELD, M.D., TINKER, S.W., AND WARDLAW, B.R., 1992, Styles of sequence development within uppermost Leonardian through Guadalupian strata of the Guadalupe Mountains, Texas and New Mexico, in Mruk, D.H., and Curran, B.C., eds., Permian Basin Exploration and Production Strategies: Applications of Sequence Stratigraphic and Reservoir Characterization Concepts: West Texas Geological Society, Symposium, Publication 91, p. 1-7.
27. KERANS, C., FITCHEN, W.M., GARDNER, M.S., AND WARDLAW, B.R., 1993, A contribution of evolving stratigraphic framework of Middle Permian strata of the Delaware basin, Texas and New Mexico, in Love, D.W., Hawley, J.W., Kues, B.S., Adams, J.W., Austin, G.S., and Barker, J.M., eds., New Mexico Geological Society, 44th Annual Field Conference Guidebook, Carlsbad Region, New Mexico and West Texas, p. 175-184.
28. KERANS, C., LUCIA, F.J., AND SENGER, R.K., 1994, Integrated characterization of carbonate ramp reservoirs using Permian San Andres Formation outcrop analogs: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, v. 78, p. 181-216.
29. KING, P.B., 1948, Geology of the southern Guadalupe Mountains: U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 215, 183 p.
30. KOCUREK, G., AND KIRKLAND, B.L., 1998, Getting to the source: aeolian influx to the Permian Delaware Basin region: Sedimentary Geology, v. 117, p. 143-149.
31. KOERSCHNER, W.F., AND READ, J.F., 1989, Field and modeling studies of Cambrian carbonate cycles, Virginia Appalachians: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 59, p. 654-687.
32. LOTTES, A.L., AND ROWLEY, D.B., 1990, Early and Late Permian reconstructions of Pangaea, in McKerrow, W.S., and Scotese, C.R., eds., Palaeogeography and Biogeography: Geological Society of London, Memoir 12, p. 383-395.
33. LUCIA, F.J., 1995, Rock-fabric/petrophysical classification of carbonate pore space for reservoir characterization: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, v. 79, p. 1275-1300.
34. MEISSNER, F.F., 1972, Cyclic sedimentation in Middle Permian strata of the Permian Basin, West Texas and New Mexico: West Texas Geological Society, Publication 60, p. 118-142.
35. MITCHUM, R.M., 1977, Seismic stratigraphy and global changes of sea level, Part 1: Glossary of terms used in seismic stratigraphy, in C.E. Payton, ed., Seismic Stratigraphy - Applications to Hydrocarbon Exploration: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir 26, p. 205-212.
36. MITCHUM, R.M., AND VAN WAGONER, J.C., 1991, High frequency sequences and their stacking patterns: Sequence stratigraphic correlation evidence of high-frequency eustatic cycles: Sedimentary Geology, v. 70, p. 131-160.
37. MITCHUM, R.M., VAIL, P.R., AND THOMPSON, S., III, 1977, Seismic stratigraphy and global changes in sea level, Part 2: The depositional sequence as a basic unit for stratigraphic analysis, in Payton, C.E., ed., Seismic Stratigraphy - Applications to Hydrocarbon Exploration: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir 26, p. 63-81.
38. MODICA, C.J., 1997, Stratigraphic cyclicity and reservoir heterogeneity within upper San Andres and Grayburg strata (Upper Permian-Guadalupian), Maljamar Field, SE New Mexico [M.S. Thesis]: College Station, Texas, Texas A&M University, 103 p.
39. NANCE, H.S., 1988, Interfingering of evaporites and red beds: An example from the Queen/Grayburg Formation, Texas: Sedimentary Geology, v. 56, p. 357-381.
40. PARRISH, J.T., 1993, Climate of the Supercontinent Pangea: The Journal of Geology, v. 101, p. 215-233.
41. PARRISH, J.T., 1995, Geological evidence of Permian climate, in Scholle, P.A., Peryt, T.M., and Ulmer-Scholle, D.S., eds., The Permian of Northern Pangea, Volume 1: Paleogeography, Paleoclimates, Stratigraphy: New York, Springer Verlag, p. 53-61.
42. PARRISH, J.T., AND PETERSON, F., 1988, Wind directions predicted from global circulation models and wind directions determined from eolian sandstones of the western United States - a comparison, in Kocurek, G., ed., Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic Eolian Deposits of the Western Interior of the United States: Sedimentary Geology, v. 56, p. 261-282.
43. PETERSON, F., 1988, Pennsylvanian to Jurassic eolian transportation systems in the western United States, in Kocurek, G., ed., Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic Eolian Deposits of the Western Interior of the United States: Sedimentary Geology, v. 56, p. 207-260.
44. RANKEY, E.C., BACHTEL, S.L., AND KAUFMAN, J., 1999, Controls on stratigraphic architecture of icehouse mixed carbonate-siliciclastic systems; a case study from the Holder Formation (Pennsylvanian, Virgilian), Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico, in Harris, P.M., Saller, A.H., and Simo, J.A., eds., Advances in Carbonate Sequence Stratigraphy; Application to Reservoirs, Outcrops, and Models: SEPM, Special Publication 63, p. 127-150.
45. READ, J.F., 1985, Carbonate platform facies models: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, v. 69, p. 1-21.
46. READ, J.F., GROTZINGER, J.P., BOVA, J.A., AND KOERSCHNER, W.F., 1986, Models for generation of carbonate cycles: Geology, v. 14, p. 107-110.
47. ROSS, C.A., AND ROSS, J.R.P., 1987, Late Paleozoic sea levels and depositional sequences, in ROSS, C.A., and Haman, D., eds., Timing and Depositional History of Eustatic Sequences: Constraints on Seismic Stratigraphy: Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication 24, p. 137-149.
48. RUPPEL, S.C., AND BEBOUT, D.G., 2001, Competing effects of stratal architecture and diagenesis on carbonate reservoir development: Grayburg Formation, South Cowden field, West Texas: The University of Texas at Austin, Bureau of Economic Geology, Report of Investigations 263, 62 p.
49. SARG, J.F., AND LEHMANN, P.J., 1986, Lower-Middle Guadalupian facies and stratigraphy, San Andres-Grayburg formations, Permian Basin, Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico, in Moore, G.E., and Wilde, G.L., eds., Lower and Middle Guadalupian Facies, Stratigraphy, and Reservoir Geometries, San Andres-Grayburg Formations, Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico and Texas: SEPM, Permian Basin Section, Special Publication 25, p. 1-36.
50. SCOTESE, C.R., AND MCKERROW, W.S., 1990, Revised world maps and introduction, in MCKERROW, W.S., and Scotese, C.R., eds., Palaeogeography and Biogeography: Geological Society of London, Memoir 12, p. 1-21.
51. SILVER, B.A., AND TODD, R.G., 1969, Permian cyclic strata, northern Midland and Delaware basins, West Texas and southeastern New Mexico: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, v. 53, p. 2223-2351.
52. SONNENFELD, M.D., 1991, High-frequency cyclicity within shelf-margin and slope strata of the upper San Andres sequence, Last Chance Canyon, in Meader-Roberts, S., Candelaria, M.P., and Moore, G.E., eds., Sequence Stratigraphy, Facies and Reservoir Geometries of the San Andres, Grayburg, and Queen Formations, Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico and Texas: SEPM, Permian Basin Section, Special Publication 32, p. 11-51.
53. SONNENFELD, M.D., 1993, Anatomy of offlap: Upper San Andres Formation (Permian, Guadalupian), Last Chance Canyon, Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico: New Mexico Geological Society, 44th Field Conference, Guidebook, p. 195-203.
54. SOREGHAN, G.S., AND GILES, K.A., 1999, Amplitudes of Late Pennsylvanian glacioeustasy: Geology, v. 27, p. 255-258.
55. TINKER, S.W., 1998, Shelf-to-basin facies distributions and sequence stratigraphy of a steep-rimmed carbonate margin: Capitan depositional system, McKittrick Canyon, New Mexico and Texas: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 68, p. 1146-1174.
56. TYE, E.N., 1986, Stratigraphy and formation of tepee structures in the Guadalupian Grayburg Formation, southeast New Mexico, in Moore, G.E., and Wilde, G.L., eds., Lower and Middle Guadalupian Facies, Stratigraphy, and Reservoir Geometries, San Andres-Grayburg Formations, Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico and Texas: SEPM, Permian Basin Section, Special Publication 25, p. 95-105.
57. VAIL, P.R., 1987, Seismic stratigraphy interpretation using sequence stratigraphy, Part 1: Seismic stratigraphy interpretation procedure, in Bally, A.W., ed., Atlas of Seismic Stratigraphy, vol. 1: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Studies in Geology 27, p. 1-10.
58. VAIL, P.R., MITCHUM, R.M., AND THOMPSON, S., III, 1977, Seismic stratigraphy and global changes of sea level, Part 4: Global cycles of relative changes of sea level, in Payton, C.E., ed., Seismic Stratigraphy - Applications to Hydrocarbon Exploration: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir 26, p. 83-97.
59. VAN WAGONER, J.C., MITCHUM, R.M., JR., POSAMENTIER, H.W., AND VAIL, P.R., 1987, Seismic stratigraphy interpretation using sequence stratigraphy, Part 2: Key definitions of sequence stratigraphy, in Bally, A.W., ed., Atlas of Seismic Stratigraphy, vol. 1: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Studies in Geology 27, p. 11-14.
60. VAN WAGONER, J.C., POSAMENTIER, H.W., MITCHUM, R.M., VAIL, P.R., SARG, J.F., LOUTIT, T.S., AND HARDENBOL, J., 1988, An overview of the fundamentals of sequence stratigraphy and key definitions, in Wilgus, C.K., Hastings, B.S., Kendall, C.G.ST.C., Posamentier, H.W., Ross, C.A., and Van Wagoner, J.C., eds., Sea-Level Changes: An Integrated Approach: SEPM, Special Publication 42, p. 39-45.
61. VAN WAGONER, J.C., MITCHUM, R.M., CAMPION, K.M., AND RAHMANIAN, V.D. , 1990, Siliciclastic Sequence Stratigraphy in Well Logs, Cores, and Outcrops: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Methods in Exploration Series, 7, 55 p.
62. WARD, R.F., KENDALL, C.G.ST.C., AND HARRIS, P.M., 1986, Upper Permian (Guadalupian) facies and their association with hydrocarbons - Permian Basin, West Texas and New Mexico: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, v. 70, p. 239-262.
63. YANG, K.M., AND DOROBEK, S.L., 1992, Mechanisms for late Paleozoic synorogenic subsidence of the Midland and Delaware basins, Permian Basin, Texas and New Mexico, in Mruk, D.H., and Curran, B.C., eds., Permian Basin Exploration and Production Strategies: Applications of Sequence Stratigraphic and Reservoir Characterization Concepts: West Texas Geological Society, Publication 91, p. 45-60.