Recent eruptive history and magma reservoir dynamics on the southern East Pacific Rise at 17°30′'S

Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems

Volumn 8, Issue 12, 2007, Pages

  Bergmanis, Eric C ^a   Sinton, John ^a   Rubin, Kenneth H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII   (United States)

Author keywords

East Pacific Rise; Magma chamber; Magnetic paleointensity; Mid ocean ridges; MORB geochemistry; U series age data

Indexed keywords

EID: 34447256690     PISSN: 15252027     EISSN: 15252027     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2007GC001742     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. Auzende, J. M., V. Ballu, R. Batiza, D. Bideau, M. H. Cormier, Y. Fouquet, P. Geistdoerfer, Y. Lagabrielle, J. Sinton, and P. Spadea (1994), Present-day magmatic, tectonic and hydrothermal activity on the East Pacific Rise between 17°S and 19°S (Naudur Cruise), C. R. Acad. Sci., Ser. II, 319, 811-818.
2. Auzende, J. M., et al. (1996), Recent tectonic, magmatic, and hydrothermal activity on the East Pacific Rise between 17°S and 19°S: Submersible observations, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 17,995-18,010.
3. Bach, W., E. Hegner, E. Erzinger, and M. Satir (1994), Chemical and isotopic variations along the superfast spreading East Pacific Rise from 6° to 30°S, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 116, 365-380.
4. Beattie, P., C. Ford, and D. Russell (1993), Partition coefficients for olivine-melt and orthopyroxene-melt systems, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 109(2), 212-224.
5. Bézos, A., and E. Humler (2005), The Fe3+/ΣFe ratios of MORB glasses and their implications for mantle melting, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 69, 711-725, doi:10.1016/ j.gca.2004.07.026.
6. Bindeman, I. N., A. M. Davis, and M. J. Drake (1998), Ion microprobe study of plagioclase-basalt partition experiments at natural concentration levels of trace elements, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 62, 1175-1193.
7. Borradaile, G. J., and D. Gauthier (2006), Magnetic studies of magma-supply and sea-floor metamorphism: Troodos ophiolite dikes, Tectonophysics, 418, 75-92.
8. Bowles, J., J. S. Gee, D. V. Kent, E. Bergmanis, and J. Sinton (2005), Cooling rate effects on paleointensity estimates in submarine basaltic glass and implications for dating young flows, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 6, Q07002, doi:10.1029/2004GC000900.
9. Bowles, J., J. S. Gee, D. V. Kent, M. R. Perfit, S. A. Soule, and D. J. Fornari (2006), Paleointensity applications to timing and extent of eruptive activity, 9°-10°N East Pacific Rise, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 7, Q06006, doi:10.1029/2005GC001141.
10. Carlut, J., and D. V. Kent (2000), Paleointensity record in zeroage submarine basalt glasses: Testing a new dating technique for recent MORBs, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 183, 389-401.
11. Carlut, J., M.-H. Cormier, D. V. Kent, K. E. Donnelly, and C. H. Langmuir (2004), Timing of volcanism along the northern East Pacific Rise based on paleointensity experiments on basaltic glasses, J. Geophys. Res., 109, B04104, doi:10.1029/2003JB002672. (Pubitemid 38978541)
12. Chadwick, W. W., Jr., R. W. Embley, and C. G. Fox (1995), SeaBeam depth changes associated with recent lava flows, CoAxial segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge: Evidence for multiple eruptions between 1981 - 1993, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22(2), 167-170.
13. Chappell, B. W. (1991), Trace element analysis of rocks by x-ray spectrometry, Adv. X-Ray Anal., 34, 263-276.
14. Christie, D. M., I. S. E. Carmichael, and C. H. Langmuir (1986), Oxidation states of mid-ocean ridge basalt glasses, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 79, 397-411.
15. Cormier, M.-H., K. C. Macdonald, and D. S. Wilson (1995), A three-dimensional gravity analysis of the East Pacific rise from 18° to 21°300's, J. Geophys. Res., 100(B5), 8063-8082.
16. Detrick, R. S., A. J. Harding, G. M. Kent, J. A. Orcutt, J. C. Mutter, and P. Buhl (1993), Seismic structure of the southern East Pacific Rise, Science, 259, 499-503.
17. Dziak, R. P., C. G. Fox, and A. E. Schreiner (1995), The June-July 1993 seismo-acoustic event at CoAxial segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge: Evidence for a lateral dike injection, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22(2), 135-138.
18. Dziak, R. P., D. R. Bohnenstiehl, J. P. Cowen, E. T. Baker, K. H. Rubin, J. H. Haxel, and M. J. Fowler (2007), Rapid dike emplacement leads to dramatic hydrothermal plume release during seafloor spreading events, Geology, 35, 579-582.
19. Einarsson, P., and B. Brandsdóttir (1980), Seismological evidence for lateral magma intrusion during the July 1978 deflation of the Krafla Volcano in NE Iceland, J. Geophys., 47, 160-165.
20. Embley, R.W., J. E. Lupton, G.Massoth, T. Urabe,V. Tunnicliffe, D. A. Butterfield, T. Shibata, O. Okano, M. Kinoshita, and K. Fujioka (1998), Geological, chemical, and biological evidence for recent volcanism at 17.5°S: East Pacific Rise, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 163, 131-147.
21. Embley, R. W., W. W. Chadwick, M. R. Perfit, M. C. Smith, and J. R. Delaney (2000), Recent eruptions on the CoAxial segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge: Implications for midocean ridge accretion processes, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 16,501-16,525.
22. Fouquet, Y., J. M. Auzende, V. Ballu, R. Batiza, D. Bideau, M. H. Cormier, P. Geistdoerfer, Y. Lagabrielle, J. Sinton, and P. Spadea (1994), Variability of the present-day hydrothermal activity along an ultra-fast spreading ridge-East Pacific Rise between 17° and 19°S (Naudur Cruise), C. R. Acad. Sci., Ser. II, 319, 1399-1406.
23. Gauthier, P. J., and M. Condomines (1999), Pb-210-Ra-226 radioactive disequilibria in recent lavas and radon degassing: Inferences on the magma chamber dynamics at Stromboli and Merapi volcanoes, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 172, 111-126.
24. Ghiorso, M. S., and R. O. Sack (1995), Chemical mass-transfer in magmatic processes, IV, A revised and internally consistent thermodynamic model for the interpolation and extrapolation of liquid-solid equilibria in magmatic systems at elevated temperatures and pressures, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 119, 197-212.
25. Gill, J. B., and R. W. Williams (1990), Th-isotope and U-series studies of subduction-related volcanic rocks, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 54, 1427-1442.
26. Hall, L. S., J. J. Mahoney, J. M. Sinton, and R. A. Duncan (2006), Spatial and temporal distribution of a C-like asthenospheric component in the Rano Rahi Seamount Field, East Pacific Rise, 15°-19°S, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 7, Q03009, doi:10.1029/2005GC000994.
27. Hart, S. R., and T. Dunn (1993), Experimental cpx melt partitioning of 24 trace-elements, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 113, 1-8.
28. Haymon, R. M., et al. (1993), Volcanic eruption of the midocean ridge along the East Pacific Rise crest at 9°45-52'N: Direct submersible observations of sea-floor phenomena associated with an eruption event in April, 1991, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 119, 85-101.
29. Hobson, J. M., R. M. Haymon, S. M. White, S. R. Baron, P. J. Sharfstein, K. C. Macdonald, D. Wright, and D. Scheirer (1997), Hydrothermal vents along the Spike segment of the southern EPR (17°15-40'S), Eos Trans. AGU, 78(46), Fall Meet. Suppl., F690.
30. Hooft, E. E., and R. S. Detrick (1993), The role of density in the accumulation of basaltic melts at mid-ocean ridges, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 423-426.
31. Hooft, E. E. E., R. S. Detrick, and G. M. Kent (1997), Seismic structure and indicators of magma budget along the southern East Pacific Rise, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 27,319-27,340.
32. Jackson, A., A. R. T. Jonkers, and M. R. Walker (2000), Four centuries of geomagnetic secular variation from historical records, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A, 358, 957-990.
33. Kent, D. V., and J. Gee (1996), Magnetic alteration of zero-age oceanic basalt, Geology, 24, 703-706.
34. Knight, M. D., and G. P. L. Walker (1988), Magma flow directions in dikes of the Koolau Complex, Oahu, determined from magnetic fabric studies, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 4301-4319.
35. Koyanagi, R. Y., B. Chouet, and K. Aki (1987), Origin of volcanic tremor in Hawaii, U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap, 1350, 1221-1257.
36. Kurz, M. D., M. Moreira, J. Curtice, D. E. Lott, J. J. Mahoney, and J. M. Sinton (2005), Correlated helium, neon, and melt production on the super-fast spreading East Pacific Rise near 17°S, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 232, 125-142.
37. Macdonald, K. C. (1998), Linkages between faulting, volcanism, hydrothermal activity and segmentation on fast-spreading centers, in Faulting and Magmatism at Mid-Ocean Ridges, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol.106, edited by W. R. Buck et al., pp. 27-58, AGU, Washington, D. C.
38. Mahoney, J., A. P. Le Roex, Z. Peng, R. L. Fisher, and J. H. Natland (1992), Southwestern limits of Indian Ocean Ridge mantle and the origin of low 206PB/204Pb mid-ocean ridge basalt: Isotope systematics of the central Southwest Indian Ridge (17°and50°E), J. Geophys. Res., 97(B13), 19,771-19,790.
39. Mahoney, J. J., J. M. Sinton, M. D. Kurz, J. D. Macdougall, K. J. Spencer, and G. W. Lugmair (1994), Isotope and traceelement characteristics of a super-fast spreading ridge: East Pacific Rise, 13-23°S, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 121, 173-193.
40. McKenzie, D., and R. K. O'Nions (1991), Partial melt distributions from inversion of rare-earth element concentrations, J. Petrol., 32, 1021-1091.
41. Mejia, V., N. D. Opdyke, and M. R. Perfit (1996), Paleomagnetic field intensity recorded in submarine basaltic glass from the East Pacific Rise, the last 69 Ka, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23(5), 475-478.
42. Naar, D. F., and R. N. Hey (1989), Recent Pacific-Easter- Nazca plate motions, in Evolution of Mid-Ocean Ridges, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol.57, edited by J. M. Sinton, pp. 9-30, AGU, Washington, D. C.
43. Nikogosian, I. K., and A. V. Sobolev (1997), Ion-microprobe analysis of melt inclusions in olivine: Experience in estimating the olivine-melt partition coefficients of trace elements, Geochem. Int., 35, 119-126.
44. Niu, Y., D. Guy Waggoner, J. M. Sinton, and J. J. Mahoney (1996), Mantle source heterogeneity and melting processes beneath seafloor spreading centers: The East Pacific Rise, 18°-19°S, J. Geophys. Res., 101(B12), 27,711-27,734.
45. Norrish, K., and J. T. Hutton (1969), An accurate x-ray spectrographic method for the analysis of a wide range of geological samples, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 33, 431-441.
46. Oversby, V. M., and P. W. Gast (1968), Lead isotope compositions and uranium decay series disequilibrium in recent volcanic rocks, Earth Plant. Sci. Lett., 5, 199-206.
47. Perfit, M. R., and W. W. Chadwick, Jr. (1998), Magmatism at mid-ocean ridges: Constraints from volcanological and geochemical investigations, in Faulting and Magmatism at Mid-Ocean Ridges, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol.106, edited by W. R. Buck et al., pp. 59-115, AGU, Washington, D. C.
48. Pick, T., and L. Tauxe (1993), Holocene paleointensities: Thellier experiments on submarine basaltic glass from the East Pacific Rise, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 17,949-17,964.
49. Renard, V., R. Hekinian, J. Francheteau, R. D. Ballard, and H. Backer (1985), Submersible observations at the axis of the ultrafast-spreading East Pacific Rise (17°-21°30's), Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 75, 339-353.
50. Rochette, P., L. Jenatton, C. Dupuy, F. Boudier, and I. Reuber (1991), Diabase dike emplacement in the Oman Ophiolite: A magnetic fabric study with reference to geochemistry, in Ophiolite Genesis and Evolution of the Oceanic Lithosphere, edited by Tj. Peters et al., pp. 55-82, Minist. of Pet. and Miner., Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
51. Roeder, P. L., and R. F. Emslie (1970), Olivine-liquid equilibrium, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 29, 275-289.
52. Rubin, A. M. (1993), Tensile fracture of rock at high confining pressure: Implications for dike propagation, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 15,919-15,935.
53. Rubin, A. M., and D. D. Pollard (1987), Origins of blade-like dikes in volcanic rift zones, U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap., 1350, 1449-1470.
54. Rubin, K. H., and J. D. Macdougall (1989), Submarine magma degassing and explosive magmatism at Macdonald (Tamarii) Seamount, Nature, 341, 50-52.
55. Rubin, K. H., and J. M. Sinton (2007), Inferences on midocean ridge thermal and magmatic structure from MORB compositions, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 260, 257-276.
56. Rubin, K. H., G. E. Wheller, M. O. Tanzer, J. D. Macdougall, R. Varne, and R. Finkel (1989), U-238 decay series systematics of young lavas from Batur Volcano, Sunda Arc, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 38, 215-226.
57. 210Pb dating of recent volcanic eruptions on the sea floor, Nature, 368, 841-844.
58. Rubin, K. H., I. van der Zander, M. C. Smith, and E. C. Bergmanis (2005), Minimum speed limit for ocean ridge magmatism from Pb-210 -Ra-226-Th-230 disequilibria, Nature, 437, 534-538.
59. Sæmundsson, K. (1991), Jardfraeói Kröflukerfisins, in The Nature of Lake Mývatn, edited by A. Gardarson andÁ. Einarsson, pp. 2-95, Icelandic Natl. Sci. Soc., Reykjavik.
60. Scheirer, D. S., and K. C. Macdonald (1993), Variation in cross-sectional area of the axial ridge along the East Pacific Rise: Evidence for the magmatic budget of a fast spreading center, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 7871-7885.
61. Scheirer, D. S., K. C. Macdonald, D. W. Forsyth, and Y. Shen (1996), Abundant seamounts of the Rano Rahi seamount field near the southern East Pacific Rise, 15° to 19°S, Mar. Geophys. Res., 18, 13-52.
62. Sigmarsson, O. (1996), Short magma chamber residence time at an Icelandic volcano inferred from U-series disequilibria, Nature, 382, 440-442.
63. Sigurdsson, H. (1987), Dyke injection in Iceland: A review, in Mafic Dyke Swarms, edited by H. C. Halls and W. F. Fahrig, Geol. Assoc. Can. Spec. Pap., 34, 55-64.
64. Sigurdsson, H., and S. R. J. Sparks (1978), Lateral magma flow within rifted Icelandic crust, Nature, 274, 126-130.
65. Sinton, J., E. Bergmanis, K. Rubin, R. Batiza, T. K. P. Gregg, K. Grönvold, K. C. Macdonald, and S. M. White (2002), Volcanic eruptions on mid-ocean ridges: New evidence from the superfast spreading East Pacific Rise, 17°-19°S, J. Geophys. Res., 107(B6), 2115, doi:10.1029/2000JB000090.
66. Sinton, J. M., and R. S. Detrick (1992), Mid-ocean ridge magma chambers, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 197-216.
67. Sinton, J. M., S. M. Smaglik, J. J. Mahoney, and K. C. Macdonald (1991), Magmatic processes at superfast spreading mid-ocean ridges: Glass compositional variations along the East Pacific Rise 13°-23°S, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 6133-6155.
68. Sparks, R. S. J., P. Meyer, and H. Sigurdsson (1980), Density variation amongst mid-ocean ridge basalts: Implications for magma mixing and the scarcity of primitive lavas, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 46, 419-430.
69. Stakes, D. S., M. R. Perfit, M. A. Tivey, D. W. Caress, T. M. Ramirez, and N. Maher (2006), The Cleft revealed: Geologic, magnetic, and morphologic evidence for construction of upper oceanic crust along the southern Juan de Fuca Ridge, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 7, Q04003, doi:10.1029/2005GC001038.
70. Staudigel, H., J. Gee, L. Tauxe, and R. J. Varga (1992), Shallow intrusive directions of sheeted dikes in the Troodos Ophiolite-Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility and structural data, Geology, 20, 841-844.
71. Staudigel, H., et al. (1999), Geochemistry and intrusive directions in sheeted dikes in the Troodos ophiolite: Implications for mid-ocean ridge spreading centers, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 1(1), doi:10.1029/1999GC000001.
72. Stewart, M. A., J. A. Karson, and E. M. Klein (2005), Fourdimensional upper crustal construction at fast-spreading mid-ocean ridges: A perspective from an upper crustal cross-section at the Hess Deep Rift, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 144, 287-309.
73. Stolper, E., and D. Walker (1980), Melt density and the average composition of basalt, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 74, 7-12.
74. Todt, W., R. A. Cliff, A. Hanser, and A. W. Hofmann (1996), Evaluation of a 202Pb-205Pb double spike for high-precision lead isotope analysis, in Earth Processes: Reading the Isotopic Code, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol.95, edited by A. Basu and S. Hart, pp. 429-437, AGU, Washington, D. C.
75. Tolstoy, M., et al. (2006), A sea-floor spreading event captured by seismometers, Science, 314, 1920-1922, doi:10.1126/science.1133950. (Pubitemid 46026111)
76. Tryggvason, E. (1984), Widening of the Krafla fissure swarm during the 1975-1981 volcano-tectonic episode, Bull. Volcanol., 47, 47-69.
77. Tryggvason, E. (1986), Multiple magma reservoirs in a rift zone volcano: Ground deformation and magma transport during the September eruption of Krafla, Iceland, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 28, 1-44.
78. Turner, S., S. Black, and K. Berlo (2004), Pb-210-Ra-226 and Ra-228 -Th-232 systematics in young arc lavas: Implications for magma degassing and ascent rates, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 227, 1-16.
79. Ulmer, P. (1989), The dependence of the Fe2+-Mg cationpartitioning between olivine and basaltic liquid on pressure, temperature and composition, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 101, 261-273.
80. Urabe, T., et al. (1995), The effect of magmatic activity on hydrothermal venting along the superfast-spreading East Pacific Rise, Science, 269, 1092-1095.
81. Varga, R. J., J. S. Gee, H. Staudigel, and L. Tauxe (1998), Dike surface lineations as magma flow indicators within the sheeted dike complex of the Troodos Ophiolite, Cyprus, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 5241-5256.
82. Villemant, B., H. Jaffrezic, J. L. Joron, and M. Treuil (1981), Distribution coefficients of major and trace elements-Fractional crystallization in the alkali basalt series of Chaine-Des-Puys (Massif Central, France), Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 45, 1997-2016.
83. White, S. M., K. C. Macdonald, and R. M. Haymon (2000), Basaltic lava domes, lava lakes, and volcanic segmentation on the southern East Pacific Rise, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 23,519-23,536.