Differentiating malingering from genuine cognitive dysfunction using the trail making test-ratio and stroop interference scores

Applied Neuropsychology

Volumn 14, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 113-119

  Egeland, Jens ^a   Langfjæran, Tone ^a  

^a Vestfold Mental Health Care Trust   (Norway)

Author keywords

Malingering; Stroop; Trail Making Test

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BRAIN DYSFUNCTION; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT TOOL; COGNITIVE DEFECT; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; EVALUATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MALINGERING; PREDICTION; PSYCHOLOGIC TEST; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; STROOP INTERFERENCE SCORE;

EID: 34447248987     PISSN: 09084282     EISSN: 15324826     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09084280701319953     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Bianchini, K. J., Greve, K. W., & Love, J. M. (2003). Definite malingered neurocognitive dysfunction in moderate/severe traumatic brain injury. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 17, 574-580.
2. Delis, D. C., Kramer, J. H., Kaplan, E., & Ober, B. A. (1987). California verbal learning test (CVLT) manual. New York: The Psychological Corporation.
3. Egeland, J., Rund, B. R., Sundet, K., Landrø, N. I., Asbjørnsen, A., & Lund, A., et al. (2003). Attention profile in schizophrenia compared to depression: Differential effects of processing speed, selective attention and vigilance. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 108, 276-284.
4. Egeland, J., Sundet, K., Landrø, N. I., Rund, B. R., Asbjørnsen, A., & Hugdahl, K., et al. (2005). Validering av normer for oversatte tester av oppmerksomhet og hukommelse i et norsk normalutvalg [Validation of norms for a Norwegian version of attention and memory tests]. Tidsskrift for Norsk Psykologforening, 42, 99-105. [Journal of the Norwegian Psychological Association]
5. Goebel, R. A. (1983). Detection of faking on the Halstead-Reitan neuropsychological test battery. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 39, 731-742.
6. Golden, C. J. (1978). Stroop color and word test. Manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
7. Grote, C. L., Kooker, E. K., Garron, D. C., Nyenhuis, D. L., Smith, C. A., & Mattingly, M. L. (2000). Performance of compensation seeking and non-compensation seeking samples on the Victoria symptom validity test: Cross validation and extension of a standardization study. Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology, 22, 709-719.
8. Iverson, G. I., & Binder, L. M. (2000). Detecting exaggeration and malingering in neuropsychological assessment. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 15, 829-858.
9. Iverson, G. L., Lange, R. T., Green, P., & Franzen, M. D. (2002). Detecting exaggeration and malingering with the Trail Making Test. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 16, 398-406.
10. Lamberty, G. J., Putnam, S. H., Chatel, D. M., Bieliauskas, L. A., & Adams, K. M. (1994). Derived Trail Making Test indices. Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology, and Behavioral Neurology, 7, 230-234.
11. Lemelin, S., Baruch, P., Vincent, A., Everett, J., & Vincent, P. (1997). Distractibility and processing resource deficit in major depression. Evidence for two deficient attentional processing models. The Journal of Nervous & Mental Diseases, 185, 542-548.
12. Lu, P. H., Boone, K. B., Jimenez, N., & Razani, J. (2004). Failure to inhibit the reading response on the stroop test: A pathognomonic indicator of suspect effort. Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology, 26, 180-189.
13. Martin, T. A., Hoffman, N. M., & Donders, J. (2003). Clinical utility of the Trail Making Test ratio score. Applied Neuropsychology, 10, 163-169.
14. Mittenberg, W., Patton, C., Canyock, E. M., & Condit, D. C. (2002). Base rates of malingering and symptom exaggeration. Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropscychology, 24, 1094-1102.
15. Morrow, L. A., Muldoon, S. B., & Sandstrom, D. J. (2001). Neuropsychological sequelae associated with occupational and environmental exposure to chemicals. In Tarter, Butters & Beers (Eds.), Medical neuropsychology. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.
16. O'Bryant, S. E., Hilsabeck, R. C., Fisher, J. M., & McCaffrey, R. J. (2003). Utility of the Trail Making Test in the assessment of malingering in a sample of mild traumatic brain injury litigants. The Clinical Neuropscyhologist, 17, 69-74.
17. Osimani, A., Alon, A., Berger, A., & Abarbanel, J. M. (1997). Use of the stroop phenomenon as a diagnostic tool for malingering. Journal of Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 62, 617-621.
18. Reitan, R. M., & Wolfson, D. (1985). The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery: Theory and clinical interpretation. South Tucson, AZ: Neuropsychology Press.
19. Reitan, R. M., & Wolfson, D. (1997). Detection of malingering and invalid test scores. South Tucson, AZ: Neuropsychology Press.
20. Ruffolo, L. F., Guilmette, T. J., & Willis, G. (2000). Comparison of time and error rates on the Trail Making Test among patients with head injuries, experimental malingerers, patients with suspect effort on testing and normal controls. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 14, 223-230.
21. Slick, D., Hopp, G., Strauss, E. J., & Thompson, G. B. (1997). Victoria Symptom Validity Test- version 1.0 Professional Manual. Odessa. FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
22. Slick, D., Tan, J. E., Strauss, E., Mateer, C. A., Harnadek, M., & Sherman, E. M. S. (2003). Victoria Symptom Validity Test scores of patients with profound memory impairment: Nonlitigant case studies. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 17, 390-394.
23. Stuss, D. T., Floden, D., Alexander, M. P., Levine, B., & Katz, D. (2001). Stroop performance in focal lesion patients: dissociation of processes and frontal lobe lesion location. Neuropsychologica, 39, 771-786.
24. Tedstone, D., & Coyle, K. (2004). Cognitive impairments in sober alcoholics: performance on selective and divided attention tasks. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 75, 277-286.