Diabetic ketoacidosis among patients receiving clozapine: A case series and review of socio-demographic risk factors

Annals of Clinical Psychiatry

Volumn 19, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 105-112

  Nihalani, Nikhil D ^a,b,d   Lamberti, J Steven ^c   Olson, David ^c   Olivares, Telva ^c   Costea, G Oana ^c   Tang, Wan ^c  

^a MANHATTAN PSYCHIATRIC CENTER   (United States)

^b SUNY UPSTATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^d State University of New York Upstate Medical University: College of Medicine   (United States)

Author keywords

Clozapine; Diabetes; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE; BETHANECHOL; CALCIUM; CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CLOZAPINE; LITHIUM; LORATADINE; MINOCYCLINE; MULTIVITAMIN; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; RANITIDINE; RISPERIDONE; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; VALPROATE SEMISODIUM;

ADULT; AFRICAN AMERICAN; BIPOLAR DISORDER; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DELUSIONAL DISORDER; DEMOGRAPHY; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS; FAMILY HISTORY; FEMALE; HUMAN; LOW DRUG DOSE; MALE; MEDICAL RECORD REVIEW; MEDLINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SCHIZOAFFECTIVE PSYCHOSIS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; TREATMENT DURATION;

ADULT; AFRICAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; AMBULATORY CARE; ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS; CLOZAPINE; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; EUROPEAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RISK FACTORS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; STATISTICS;

EID: 34447136141     PISSN: 10401237     EISSN: 15473325     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10401230701338169     Document Type: Review

References (38)

1. nd ed. Available athttp://www.psych.org/ psych_pract/treatg/pg/SchizPG-Complete-Feb04.pdf accessed May 13, 2003.
2. Consensus development conference on antipsychotic drugs and obesity and diabetes. American Diabetes Association; American Psychiatric Association; American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists; North American Association for the Study of Obesity. Diabetes Care 2004; 27:596-601
3. Lambert BL, Chou CH, Chang KY, Tafesse E, Carson W: Antipsychotic exposure and type 2 diabetes among patients with schizophrenia: A matched case-control study of California Medicaid claims. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2005 Mar 22
4. Citrome LL: The increase in risk of diabetes mellitus from exposure to second-generation antipsychotic agents. Drugs Today (Barc). 2004 May; 40:445-64
5. Gianfrancesco F, White R, Wang RH, Nasrallah HA: Antipsychotic-induced type 2 diabetes: Evidence from a large health plan database. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2003 Aug; 23(4):328-335
6. Bergman NR, Ader M: Atypical antipsychotics and glucose homeostasis; J Clin Psych. 2005; 66:504-514
7. Kamran A, Murali Doraiswamy P, Jane JL et al.: Severe hyperglycemia associated with high doses of clozapine. Am J Psychiatry 1994; 151:1395
8. Koval MS, Rames LJ, Christie S: Diabetic ketoacidosis associated with clozapine treatment. Am J Psychiatry 1994; 151:1520-1521
9. Kostakoglu AE, Yazici KM, Erbas T et al.: Ketoacidosis as a side effect of clozapine: a case report. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1996; 93:217-218
10. Peterson GA, Byrd SL: Diabetic ketoacidosis from clozapine and lithium cotreatment. Am J Psychiatry 1996; 153:737-738
11. Pierides M: Clozapine monotherapy and ketoacidosis. Br J Psychiatry 1997; 171:90-91
12. Popli A, Konicki PE, Jurjus GJ et al.: Clozapine and associated diabetes mellitus. J Clin Psychiatry 1997; 58:108-111
13. Wirshing DA, Spellberg BJ, Erhart SM et al.: Novel antipsychotics and new onset diabetes. Biol Psychiatry 1998; 44:778-783
14. Ai D, Roper TA, Riley JA: Diabetic ketoacidosis and clozapine. Postgrad. Med. J. 1998; 74:493-494
15. Smith H, Kenney-Herbert J, Knowles L: Clozapine-induced diabetic ketoacidosis. Aust. NZ. J. Psychiatry 1999; 33:120-121
16. Colli A, Cocciolo M, Francobandiera G et al.: Diabetic ketoacidosis associated with clozapine treatment. Diabetes Care 1999; 22:175-177
17. Maule S, Giannella R, Lanzio M et al.: Diabetic ketoacidosis with clozapine treatment. Diabetes Nutr. Metab. 1999; 12:187-188
18. Mohan DG, Hindley NBA: Schizophrenia and diabetes mellitus. Br J Psychiatry 1999; 174:180-181
19. Rigalleau V, Gatta B, Bonnaudt S et al.: Diabetes as a result of atypical anti-psychotic drugs - a report of three cases. Diabet. Med. 2000; 17:484-486
20. Avram AM, Patel V, Taylor HC et al.: Euglycemic clamp study in clozapine-induced diabetic ketoacidosis. Ann Pharmacother 2001; 35:1381-1387
21. Nicolai J, Smith SJ, Keunen RW: Simultaneous side effects of both clozapine and valproate. Intensive Care Med 2001; 27:943
22. Wilson DR, D'Souza L, Sarkar N et al.: New-onset diabetes and ketoacidosis with atypical antipsychotics. Schizophr Res 2002; 59:1-6
23. Lafayette JM, Pirl WF, Henderson D: Low-dose clozapine and diabetic ketoacidosis. Psychosomatics 2003; 44:249-252
24. Koren W, Kreis Y, Duchowicszny K et al.: Lactic acidosis and fatal myocardial failure due to clozapine. Ann Pharmacother. 1997; 31:168-170
25. Diabetic Ketoacidosis. In the Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy. Sec 2, CH 13 Disorders of Carbohydrate Metabolism. 1-3. Available athttp://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual/section2/chapter13/13b.
26. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. American Diabetes Association. Position Statement. Diabetes Care 2004; 27:S5-S10
27. Powers, AC: Diabetes Mellitus. In: Braunwald E, Fauci A, Kasper D, Hauser S, Longo D, Jameson J. (Eds.) Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. New York: McGraw-Hill Publishers: 2001:2109-2137
28. Sagarin M, McAfee A: Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Nonketotic coma. Available athttp://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic264.htm accessed May 20, 2005.
29. Lamberti JS, Costea GO, Olson D et al.: Diabetes mellitus among outpatients receiving clozapine: Prevalence and clinical-demographic correlates. J Clin Psychiatry. 2005; 66:900-906
30. Koller E, Schneider B, Bennett K et al.: Clozapine-associated diabetes. The Am J Med 2001; 111:716-723
31. Data & Trends. Diabetes Surveillance System 1999 Surveillance Report. Washington, DC: US Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health 1995; DHHS publication no. (NIH) 95-1468. Available athttp://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/statistics/survl99/chap1/references.htm
32. Ardizzone TD, Bradley RJ, Freeman AM, Dwyer DS: Inhibition of glucose transporter in PC12 cells by the atypical antipsychotic drugs risperidone and clozapine, and structural analogs of clozapine. Brain Res 2001; 923:82-90
33. Hammarstedt A, Sopasakis VR, Gogg S, Jansson PA, Smith U: Improved insulin sensitivity and adipose tissue dysregulation after short term treatment with pioglitazone in non-diabetic insulin-resistant subjects. Diabetologia. 2005; 48:96-104
34. Fishbein H, Palumbo PJ: Acute metabolic complications in diabetes. In: Diabetes in America, 2nd ed. Washington, DC: U.S Chap 13:283-292
35. Henderson DC, Cagliero E, Gray C et al.: Clozapine, diabetes mellitus, weight gain, and lipid abnormalities: A five-year naturalistic study. Am J Psychiatry 2000; 157:975-981
36. Newcomer JW, Haupt DW, Fucetola R et al.: Abnormalities in glucose regulation during antipsychotic treatment of schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2002; 59:337-345
37. Lindenmayer J, Czobor P, Volavka P, et al.: Changes in glucose and cholesterol levels in patients with schizophrenia treated with typical or atypical antipsychotics. Am J Psychiatry 2003; 160:290-296
38. Newton CA, Raskin P: Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Clinical and biochemical differences. Arch Intern Med 2004; 164:1925-1931