Teenagers response to threat of war and terror: Gender and the role of social systems

Community Mental Health Journal

Volumn 43, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 359-374

  Shamai, Michal ^a   Kimhi, Shaul ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HAIFA   (Israel)

^b TEL HAI COLLEGE   (Israel)

Author keywords

Gender; Social system; Stress; Threat of war and terror

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; COMMUNITY; FEMALE; GENDER; HUMAN; MALE; MEASUREMENT; PEER GROUP; SATISFACTION; SELF REPORT; SOCIETY; STRESS; TERRORISM; THREAT; WAR;

ADAPTATION, PSYCHOLOGICAL; ADOLESCENT; ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY; FEMALE; HUMANS; ISRAEL; LEBANON; MALE; PARENT-CHILD RELATIONS; PARENTS; PEER GROUP; PERSONAL SATISFACTION; QUESTIONNAIRES; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SEX FACTORS; SOCIAL SUPPORT; STRESS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; WAR;

EID: 34447134767     PISSN: 00103853     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10597-006-9080-5     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Antonovski A. (1987) Unraveling the mystery of health. Jossey Bass, San Francisco
2. Bar-Tal D. (2001) Why does fear override hope in societies engulfed by intractable conflict, as it does in the Israeli society? Political Psychology 22:601-627
3. Bar-Tal Y., Lurie O., Glick D. (1994) The effect of gender on the stress process in Israeli soldiers during the Gulf War. Anxiety, Stress and Coping 7:263-276
4. Boss P. (1987) Family stress. In: Sussman M. B., Steinmetz S. K. (Eds.), Handbook of marriage and the family, Sage, Newbury Park, CA, pp. 695-723
5. Bradburn N. M. (1969) The structure of psychological well-being. Aladdin, Chicago
6. Bradburn N. M., Caplovitz D. (1965) Report on happiness. Aladdin, Chicago
7. Bronfenbrenner, U. (2005). Child care in the Anglo-Saxon mode. In U. Bronfenbrenner (Ed.), Making human being human: Bioecological perspectives on human development. (pp.274-282). Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA
8. Cacioppo J. T., Berntson G. G., Sheridan J. F., McClintock M. K. (2000) Multilevel integrative analysis of human behavior: Social neuroscience and the complementing nature of social and biological approaches. Psychological Bulletin 126:829-843
9. Cacioppo J. T., Gardner W. L. (1999) Emotion. Annual Review of Psychology 50:191-214
10. Cairns E., Dawes A. (1996) Children: Ethnic and political violence - A commentary. Child Development 67:129-139
11. Campbell A. (1976) Subjective measure of well-being. American Psychologist 31:117-124
12. Chimienti G., Abu Nasr J. (1992). Children reactions to war - related stress: The influence of gender, age and mother's reaction. International Journal of Mental Health 21:72-86
13. Cicchetti K., Garmezy N. (1993) Prospects and promises in the study of resilience. Development and Psychopathology 5:597-603
14. Cowen E. L., Wyman P. A., Work W. C., Iker M. R. (1995) A preventive intervention for enhancing resilience among highly stressed urban children. The Journal of Primary Prevention 15:247-326
15. Dar Y., Kimhi S. (2001). Military service and self-perceived maturation among Israeli youth. Journal of Youth and Adolescence 30:427-448
16. Derogatis L. R., Spencer P. M. (1982) The Brief Symptom Inventory: Administration, scoring and procedures manual - I. Clinical Psychometric Research, Baltimore
17. Diener, E. (1994). Assessing subjective well being: Progress and opportunities. Social Indicators Research 31:103-157
18. Diener E. (2000) Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index. American Psychologist 55:34-43
19. Garbarino J., Kostelny K. (1996a) What do we need to know to understand children in war and community violence. In: Simon B., Apfel R. J. (Eds.), Minefield in their hearts: The mental health of children in war and communal violence Yale University Press, New Haven pp. 33-51
20. Garbarino J., Kostelny K. (1996b) The effect of political violence on Palestinian children's behavior problems: A risk accumulation model. Child Development 67:33-45
21. Garbarino J., Kostelny K., Dubrow N. (1991) No place to be a child: Growing up in a war zone. D.C. Heath and Company, Lexington, MA
22. Gidron Y. (2002) Post traumatic stress disorder after terrorist attacks: A review. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 190:118-121
23. Greenbaum C., Erlich C., Toubiana Y. (1993) Sex differences in delayed effects of exposure to Golf War stress by Israeli city and settler children. In: Fox N. A., Leavitt L. A. (Eds.), The psychological effects of war and violence on children. Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ pp. 109-130
24. Hartup W. W. (1996) The company they keep: Friendships and their development significance. Child Development 67:1-13
25. Hobfoll S. E. (2001) The influence of culture, community, and the nested-self in the stress process: Advancing conservation of resources theory. Applied Psychology: An International Review 50:337-421
26. Hobfoll E. S., Canetti-Nisim D., Johnson J. R. (2006) Exposure to terrorism, stress-related mental health symptoms, and defensive coping among a nationally representative sample in Israel. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 74:207-218
27. Hobfoll S. E., Spielberger C. D. (2003) Family stress: Integrating theory and measurement. In: Boss P., Mulligan C. (Eds.), Family stress: Classic and contemporary readings. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA pp. 142-157
28. Jensen P. S. (1996) Practical approaches to research with children in violent settings. In Simon B., Apfel R. J. (Eds.) Minefield in their hearts: The mental health of children in war and communal violence. Yale University Press, New Haven
29. Kimhi S., Shamai M. (2004) Community resilience and the impact of stress: Adult response to Israel's withdrawal from Lebanon. Journal of Community Psychology 32:439-453
30. Lazarus R. S., Folkman S. (1984) Stress, appraisal and coping. Springer, New York
31. Maxwell K. A. (2002). Friend: The role of peer influence adolescent risk behaviors. Journal of Youth and adolescence 31:267-277
32. Milgram N. (1994) Israel and the Gulf War: The major events and selected studies. Anxiety, Stress and Coping 7:205-215
33. Miller K. E. (1996) The effect of state terrorism and exile on Indigenous Guatemalen refugee children: A mental health assessment and analysis of children narratives. Child Development 67:89-106
34. Myers D. G. (2000) The funds, friends and faith of happy people. American Psychologist 55:56-67
35. Osofsky J. D. (1997) Children in Violent Society. Guilford, New York
36. Punamaki R. (1987) Factors affecting the mental health of Palestinian children exposed to political violence. International Journal of Mental Health 18:63-79
37. Ronen T., Rahav G., Rosenbaum M. (2003) Children's reaction to war situation as a function of age and sex. Anxiety, Stress and Coping 16:59-69
38. Sack W. H., Clarke G. N., Seeley J. (1996) Multiple forms of stress in Cambodian adolescent refugees. Child Development 67:107-116
39. Sandvik, E., Diener, E., & Seidlitz, L. (1993). Subjective well being: The convergence and stability of self report and non self report measures. Journal of Personality 61:317-342
40. Shamai M. (2001) Parents' perception of their children in a context of shared political uncertainty. Family and Child Social Work 6:249-260
41. Shamai M. (2002). Parents' perceptions of their children in a context of shared political uncertainty: The case of Jewish settlers in the West Bank before and after the Oslo Peace Agreement. Child and Adolescence Social work 19:57-75
42. Shamai, M., & Kimhi, S. (2006). Exposure to threat of war and terror, political attitude, stress and life satisfaction among teenagers in Israel. Journal of Adolescence 29:165-176
43. Sobel M. E. (1982) Asymptotic intervals for indirect effects in structural equations models. In: Leinhart S. (Ed.) Sociological methodology 1982. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco pp. 290-312
44. Solomon Z., Mikulincer M., Waysman M., Marlowe D. (1991) Delayed and immediate onset posttraumatic stress disorder: I. Differential clinical characteristics. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 26:1-7
45. Walsh F. (1998) Strengthening family resilience. Guilford, New York
46. Werner, E. E. (1989). High risk children in young adulthood: A longitudinal study from birth to 32 years. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 59:72-81