Use of a functional assay to diagnose protein S deficiency; Inappropriate testing yields equivocal results

Internal Medicine Journal

Volumn 37, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 409-411

  Johnston, A M ^a   Aboud, M ^a,b   Morel Kopp, M C ^a   Coyle, L ^a   Ward, C M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^b ROYAL NORTH SHORE HOSPITAL   (Australia)

Author keywords

Blood coagulation tests; Pregnancy; Protein S deficiency; Thrombophilia; Venous thromboembolism

Indexed keywords

PROTEIN S;

ARTICLE; DIAGNOSTIC TEST; FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT; HUMAN; LABORATORY TEST; MEDICAL AUDIT; PREGNANCY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; PROTEIN DETERMINATION; PROTEIN S DEFICIENCY; PUERPERIUM; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SCREENING TEST;

FEMALE; HUMANS; LABORATORY TECHNIQUES AND PROCEDURES; PREGNANCY; PROTEIN S DEFICIENCY; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES;

EID: 34447105695     PISSN: 14440903     EISSN: 14455994     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2007.01372.x     Document Type: Article

References (12)

1. Sanson B-J, Friederich P, Simioni P, Zanardi S, Huisman M, Girolami A et al. The risk of abortion and stillbirth in antithrombin-, protein C-, and protein S-deficient women. Thromb Haemost 1996 75 : 387 8.
2. Preston F, Rosendaal F, Walker I, Briet B, Berntorp B, Conrad J et al. Increased fetal loss in women with heritable thrombophilia. Lancet 1996 348 : 913 6.
3. Rey E, Kahn S, David M, Shrier I. Thrombophilic disorders and fetal loss: a meta-analysis. Lancet 2003 361 : 901 8.
4. De Vries J, Dekker G, Huijgens P, Jakobs C, Blomberg B, van Geijn H et al. Hyperhomocysteinaemia and protein S deficiency in complicated pregnancies. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1997 104 : 1248 54.
5. Dekker G, de Vries J, Doelitzsch P, Huijgens P, Blomberg B, Jakobs C et al. Underlying disorders associated with severe early-onset preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1995 173 : 1042 8.
6. Malm J, Laurell M, Dahlbäck B. Changes in the plasma levels of vitamin K-dependent proteins C and S and of C4b-binding protein during pregnancy and oral contraception. Br J Haematol 1988 68 : 437 43.
7. Lefkowitz J, Clarke S, Barbour L. Comparison of protein S functional and antigenic assays in normal pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996 175 : 657 60.
8. Clark P, Brennand J, Conkie J, McCall F, Greer I, Walker I. Activated protein C sensitivity, protein C, protein S and coagulation in normal pregnancy. Thromb Haemost 1998 79 : 1166 70.
9. Gandrille S, Borgel D, Sala N, Espinosa-Parrilla Y, Simmonds R, Rezende S et al. Protein S deficiency: a database of mutations-summary of the first update. Thromb Haemost 2000 84 : 918.
10. Fernandez J, Estelles A, Gilabert J, Espana F, Aznar J. Functional and immunologic protein S in normal pregnant women and full term newborns. Thromb Haemost 1989 61 : 474 8.
11. Goodwin A, Rosendaal F, Kottke-Marchant K, Bovill E. A review of the technical, diagnostic and epidemiologic considerations for protein S assays. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2002 126 : 1349 1366.
12. Paidas M, Ku D-H, Lee M-J, Manish S, Thurston C, Lockwood C et al. Protein Z, protein S levels are lower in thrombophilia and subsequent pregnancy complications. J Thromb Haemost 2005 3 : 497 501.