The Iberian Permian Triassic 'Buntsandstein' of the Aragonian branch of the Iberian range (Spain) in the West -European sequence stratigraphical framework: A combined palynological and sedimentological approach

Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France

Volumn 178, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 179-195

  Diez, José B ^a   Bourquin, Sylvie ^b   Broutin, Jean ^c   Ferrer, Javier ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VIGO   (Spain)

^b UNIVERSITÉ DE RENNES 1   (France)

^c SORBONNE UNIVERSITÉ   (France)

^d UNIVERSITY OF ZARAGOZA   (Spain)

Author keywords

'Buntsandstein'; Anisian; Iberian range; Palynoflora; Permian Triassic; Sequence stratigraphy; Spain

Indexed keywords

ALLUVIAL DEPOSIT; ANISIAN; EOLIAN DEPOSIT; FACIES; LACUSTRINE ENVIRONMENT; PALEOENVIRONMENT; PALYNOLOGY; PERMIAN-TRIASSIC BOUNDARY; SEDIMENTATION; SEDIMENTOLOGY; SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY;

ARAGON; EURASIA; EUROPE; GERMANIC BASIN; IBERIAN CORDILLERA; SOUTHERN EUROPE; SPAIN; ZARAGOZA;

ANISIA;

EID: 34447093178     PISSN: 00379409     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2113/gssgfbull.178.3.179     Document Type: Article

References (96)

1. AIGNER T. & BACHMANN G.H. (1992). - Sequence-stratigraphic framework of the German Triassic. - Sediment. Geol., 80, 115-135.
2. AIGNER T,, HORNUNG J., JUNGHANS W.-D. & PÖPPELREITER M. (1999). - Base-level cycles in the Triassic of the South-German Basin: A short progress report. In: G.H. BACHMANN & I. LERCHE, Eds., Epicontinental Triassic. - Zbl. Geol. Paläont. Teil I, 1998 537-544.
3. AMERON H.W.J. VAN, BROUTIN J., FERRER J., GÁMEZ-VINTANED J.A., GISBERT J. & LIÑÁN E. (1993). - Les flores du permien basal et la paléoichnologie de la fosse de Fombuena (province de Zaragoza, Espagne). - Meded. Rijks Geol. Dienst, 48, 1-63.
4. ARCHE A. & LÓPEZ-GÓMEZ J. (1996). - Origin of the Permian-Triassic Iberian Basin, Central Spain. - Tectonophysics, 266, 443-464.
5. ARCHE A., LÓPEZ-GÓMEZ J., MARZO M. & VARGAS H. (2004). - The siliciclastic Permian-Triassic deposits in Central and northeastern Iberian Peninsula (Iberian, Ebro and Catalan Basins): A proposal for correlation. - Geológica Acta, 2, 4, 305-320.
6. ARRIBAS J. (1984). - Sedimentología y diagénesis del Buntsandstein y Muschelkalk de la Rama Aragonesa de la Cordillera lbérica (provincias de Soria y Zaragoza). - Unpublished thesis, Univ. Complutense, Madrid.
7. ARRIBAS J. (1985). - Base litoestratigráfica de las facies Buntsandstein y Muschelkalk en la rama aragonesa de la Cordillera Ibérica (Zona Norte). - Estud. Geol., 41, 47-57.
8. ASHLEY G. (1990). - Classification of large-scale subaqueous bedforms: A new look at an old problem. - J. Sediment. Petrol., 60, 160-172.
9. BEST J.L. & BRISTOW C.S. Eds.(1993). - Braided rivers. - Geol. Soc. London Sp. Publ., 75, 419 p.
10. BLAIR T.C. & MCPHERSON J.G. (1994). - Alluvial fans and their natural distinction from rivers based on morphology, hydraulic processes, sedimentary processes, and facies assemblage. - J. Sediment. Res. A, 64, 450-489.
11. BOURQUIN S., DURAND M., DIEZ J.B., BROUTIN J. & FLUTEAU F. (2007). - The Permian-Triassic boundary and early Triassic sedimentation in western European basins: An overview. - J. Iber. Geol. (in press).
12. BOURQUIN S., FRIENDENBERG R. & GUILLOCHEAU F. (1995). - Depositional sequences in the Triassic series of the Paris basin: geodynamic implications. - Cuad. Geol. Ibér., 19, 337-362.
13. BOURQUIN S. & GUILLOCHEAU F. (1996). - Keuper stratigraphic cycles in the Paris Basin and comparison with cycles in other Peri-tethyan basins (German Basin and Bresse-Jura Basin). - Sediment. Geol., 105, 159-182.
14. BOURQUIN S., PÉRON S. & DURAND M. (2006). - Lower Triassic sequence stratigraphy of the western part of the Germanic Basin (west of Black Forest): Fluvial system evolution trough time and space. - Sediment. Geol., 186, 187-211.
15. BOURQUIN S., RIGOLLET C. & BOURGES P. (1998). - High-resolution sequence stratigraphy of an alluvial fan-fan delta environment: stratigraphic and geodynamic implications. Example of the Chaunoy Sandstones, Keuper of the Paris Basin. - Sediment. Geol., 121 207-237.
16. BRAYARD A., BUCHER H., ESCARGUEL G., FLUTEAU F., BOURQUIN S. & GALFETTI T. (2006). - The Early Triassic ammonoid recovery: paleoclimatic significance of diversity gradients. - Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol., 239, 374-395.
17. BUATOIS L.A. & MÁNGANO M.G (1995). - The paleoenvironmental and paleoecological significance of the lacustrine Mermia ichnofacies: An archetypal subaqueous nonmarine trace fossil assemblage. - Ichnos, 4, 151-161.
18. BUATOIS L.A. & MÁNGANO M.G. (1998). - Trace fossil analysis of lacustrine facies and basins. - Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol., 140, 367-382.
19. BUATOIS L.A. & MÁNGANO M.G. (2002). - Trace fossils from Carboniferous floodplain deposits in western Argentina: Implications for ichnofacies models of continental environments. - Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol., 183, 71-86.
20. CARLS P. & SCHEUPLEIN R. (1969). - Zum Buntsandstein zwischen Fombuena und Rudilla (Ostliche Iberische Ketten, NE Spanien). - N. Jb. Geol. Paläont., Mh., 1, 1-10.
21. CASSINIS G., DURAND M. & RONCHI A. (2007). - Remarks on the Permian-Triassic boundary in central and eastern Lombardy (southern Alps, Italy). - J. Iber. Geol. (in press).
22. COLLINSON J.D. (1996). - Alluvial sediments. In: H.G. READING, Ed., Sedimentary environments: Processes, facies and stratigraphy. 3rd edition. - Blackwell Science, Oxford, 37-82.
23. CROSS T.A. (1988). - Controls on coal distribution in transgressive-regressive cycles. In: C.K. WILGUS, B.S. HASTINGS, C.G.ST.C. KENDALL, H.W. POSAMENTIER, C.A. ROSS & J.C. VAN WAGONER, Eds., Sea-level change: An integrated approach. - Soc. Econ. Paleantol. Mineral., Sp. Publ., 42, 371-380.
24. CROSS T.A., BAKER M.R., CHAPIN M.A., CLARK M.S., GARDNER M.H., HANSON M.S., LESSENGER M.A., LITTLE L.D., MCDONOUGH K.J., SONNENFELD M.D., VALAZEK D.W., WILLIAMS M.R. & WITTER D.N. (1993). - Applications of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy to reservoir analysis. In: R. ESCHARD & B. DOLIGEZ, Eds., Subsurface reservoir characterization from outcrop observations. - IFP Exploration and Production Research Conference. - Technip, Paris, 11-33.
25. CROSS T.A. & LESSENGER M.A. (1998). - Sediment volume partitioning: Rationale, stratigraphic model evaluation and high-resolution stratigraphic correlation. - Norw. Pet. Soc., Sp. Publ., 8, 171-195.
26. CURRIE B.S. (1997). - Sequence stratigraphy of nonmarine Jurassic-Cretaceous rocks, central Cordilleran foreland-basin system. - Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., 109, 1206-1222.
27. DERCOURT J., RICOU L.E. & VRIELYNCK B. (1993). - Atlas Tethys palaeoenvironmental maps. - Beicip-Franlab, Rueil Malmaison,
28. DIEZ J.B. (2000). - Geología y paleobotánica de la facies Buntsandstein en la rama Aragonesa de la Cordillera Ibérica. Implicaciones bioestratigráficas en el Peritethys occidental. - Unpublished thesis, Univ. Zaragoza/Univ. P. et M. Curie - Paris 6.
29. DIEZ J.B., BROUTIN J. & FERRER J. (2005). - Difficulties encountered in defining the Permian-Triassic boundary in Buntsandstein facies of the western Peritethyan domain based on palynological data. - Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol., 229, 40-53.
30. DIEZ J.B., BROUTIN J., FERRER J., GISBERT J. & LIÑAN E. (1996a). - Estudio paleobotánico de Ins afloramientos triásicos de la localidad de Rodanas (Epila, Zaragoza), Rama Aragonesa de la Cordillera Ibérica. In: A. ARCHE & J. LÓPEZ-GÓMFZ, Eds., Pérmico y Triásico de la Península Ibérica II. - Cuad. Geol. Ibér., 20, 217-226.
31. DIEZ J.B., GRAUVOGEL-STAMM L., BROUTIN J., FERRER J., GISBERT J. & LIÑAN E. (1996b). - Première découverte d'une paléoflore anisienne dans le faciès "Buntsandstein" de la Branche aragonaise de la Cordillère Ibérique (Espagne). - C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, (II a), 323, 341-347.
32. DINARÈS-TURREL J., DIEZ J.B., REY D. & ARNAL I. (2005). - "Buntsandstein" magnetostratigraphy and biostratigraphic reappraisal from eastern Iberia: Early and Middle Triassic stage boundary definitions through correlation to Tethyan sections. - Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol., 229, 158-177.
33. DURAND M. (2006). - The problem of the transition from the Permian to the Triassic Series in southeastern France: Comparison with other Peritethyan regions. In: S.G. LUCAS, G. CASSINIS & J.W. SCHNEIDER, Eds., Non-marine Permian biostratigraphy and biochronology. - Geol. Soc. London Sp. Publ., 265, 281-296.
34. EKDALE A.A., BROMLEY R.G. & PEMBERTON S.G. (1984). - Ichnology: The use of trace fossils in sedimentology and stratigraphy. - Soc. Econ. Paleontol. Mineral., Short Course, 15, 317 p.
35. ESCHARD R., LEMOUZY P., BACCHIANA C., DÉSAUBLIAUX G., PARPANT J. & SMART B. (1998). - Combining sequence stratigraphy, geostatistical simulations, and production data for modeling a fluvial reservoir in the Chaunoy Field (Triassic, France). - AAPG Bull., 82, 545-568.
36. FUGLEWICZ R. (1980). - Stratigraphy and palaeogeography of the Lower Triassic in Poland on the basis of megaspores. - Acta Geol. Pol., 30, 417-470.
37. GALLOWAY W.E. (1989). - Genetic stratigraphic sequences in basin analysis I: Architecture and genesis of flooding-surface bounded depositional units. - AAPG Bull., 73, 125-142.
38. GALLOWAY W.E. & WILLIAMS T.A. (1991). - Sediment accumulation rates in time and space: Paleogene genetic stratigraphic sequences of the northwestern gulf of Mexico basin. - Geology, 19, 986-989.
39. GARCÍA-GIL S. (1991). - Las unidades litoestratigráficas del Muschelkalk en el NO de la Cordillera Ibérica (España). - Bol. R. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat., 86, 21-51.
40. GARCÍA-GIL S. (1993). - The fluvial architecture of the upper Buntsandstein in the Iberian Basin, central Spain. - Sedimentology 40, 125-143.
41. GARDNER M.H. & CROSS T.A. (1994). - Middle Cretaceous paleogeography of Utah. In: M.V. CAPUTO, J.A. PETERSON & K.J. FRANCZYK, Eds., Mesozoic systems of the Rocky Mountain region, formationed states. - RMS - Soc. Econ. Paleontol. Mineral. Sp. Publ. 471-502.
42. GERMANOSKI D. & SCHUMM S.A. (1993). - Changes in braided river morphology resulting from aggradation and degradation. - J. Geol., 101, 451-466.
43. GLOPPEN T.G. & STEEL R.J. (1981). - The deposits, internal structure and geometry in six alluvial fan-fan delta bodies (Devonian-Norway). A study in the significance of bedding sequence in conglomerates. In: T.G. ETHRIDGE & R.M. FLORES, Eds., Recent and ancient nonmarine depositional environments: Models for exploration. - Soc. Econ. Paleontol. Mineral. Sp. Publ., 31, 49-69.
44. GRAUVOGEL-STAMM L. (1978). - La flore du Grès à Voltzia (Buntsandstein supérieur) des Vosges du Nord (France). Morphologie, anatomie, interprétations phylogénique et paléogéographique. - Mém. Sci. Géol., 50, 225 p.
45. GUILLOCHEAU F. (1991). - Mise en évidence de grands cycles transgression-régression d'origine tectonique dans les sédiments mésozoïques du bassin de Paris. - C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, (2), 312, 1587-1593.
46. HALLAM A. & WIGNALL P.B. (1999). - Mass extinctions and sea-level changes. - Earth-Sci. Rev. 48, 217-250.
47. HEYDARI E., WADE W.J. & HASSANZADEH J. (2001). - Diagenetic origin of carbon and oxygen isotope compositions of Permian-Triassic boundary strata. - Sediment. Geol., 143, 191-197.
48. HOBDAY D.K., WOODRUFF J.R. & MCBRIDE M.W. (1981). - Paleotopographic and structural controls on non-marine sedimentation of the Lower Cretaceous Antlers Formation and correlatives, north Texas and southeast Oklahoma. In: T.G. ETHRIDGE & R.M. FLORES, Eds., Recent and ancient nonmarine depositional environments: Models for exploration. - Soc. Econ. Paleontol. Mineral. Sp. Publ., 31, 71-87.
49. JERVEY M.T. (1988). - Quantitative geological modeling of siliclastic rock sequences and their seismic expression. In: C.K. WILGUS, B.S. HASTINGS, C.G.ST.C. KENDALL, H.W. POSAMENTIER, C.A. Ross & J.C. VAN WAGONER (Eds.), Sea-level changes: An integrated approach. - Soc. Econ. Paleontol. Mineral. Sp. Publ. 42, 47-70.
50. JUNGHANS W.-D., RÖSLER W., AIGNER T. & APPEL E. (2002). - Magnetostratigraphie an der Perm/Trias-Grenze der Bohrung Kraichgau 1002 (SW-Deutschland). - Neues Jahrb. Geol. Paläont., Mh., 2, 92-106.
51. JURADO M.J. (1988). - El Triásico del subsuelo de la Cuenca del Ebro. - Unpublished thesis, Univ. Barcelona 1, Spain.
52. KOZUR H. (2003). - Integrated ammonoid, conodont and radiolarian zonation of the Triassic and some remarks to Stage/Substage subdivision and the numeric age of the Triassic stages. - Albertiana, 28 57-74.
53. KOZUR H.W. & BACHMANN G.H. (2005). - Correlation of the Germanic Triassic with the international scale. - Albertiana, 32, 21-34.
54. eme Réun. Ann. Sci. Terre, Bordeaux, 329.
55. LAGO M. & POCOVI A. (1984b). - Las espilitas del área del Moncayo (Zaragoza Soria): Caracteres geológicos y petrológicos. - I Congreso Español de Geología, Segovia, 2, 161-176.
56. LAGO M., & POCOVI A., BASTIDA J. & BESTEIRO J. (1989). - El magmatismo alcalino, del tránsito Trias-Lias inferior, en el área del Moncayo: Aspectos geológicos, petrológicos y geoquímicos. - Turiaso, Tarazona, IX, 91-107.
57. LAGO M., & POCOVI A., VAQUEZ R., BASTIDA J. & ARRANZ E. (1992). - Petrología y geoquímica del magmatismo alcalino en zonas del antepaís mesozoico de la cadena pirenaica y áreas asociadas. - III Congr. Geol. Esp. y VIII Congr. Latinoam. Geol., Salamanca, 2 107-116.
58. LEEDER M.R. & STEWARD M.D. (1996). - Fluvial incision and sequence stratigraphy: Alluvial responses to relative sea-level fall and their detection in the geological record. In: S.P. HESSELBO & D.N. PARKINSON, Eds., Sequence stratigraphy in British geology. - Geol. Soc. London Sp. Publ., 103, 25-39.
59. LEGARRETA L. & ULIANA M.A. (1998). - Anatomy of hinterland depositional sequences: Upper Cretaceous fluvial strata. In: K.W. SHANLEY & P.J. MCCABE, Eds., Relative role of eustacy, climate and tectonics in continental rocks. - Soc. Econ. Paleontol. and Mineral. Sp. Publ., 59, 83-91.
60. LEGARRETA L., ULIANA M.A., LAROTONDA C.A. & MECONI G. (1993) . - Approaches to non marine sequence stratigraphy - theoretical models and examples from Argentine basins. In: R. ESCHARD & B. DOLIGEZ, Eds., Subsurface reservoir characterization from outcrop observations. - IFP Exploration and Production Research Conference. - Technip, Paris, 125-143.
61. LÓPEZ-GÓMEZ J. & ARCHE A. (1992). - Paleogeographical significance of the Röt (Anisian, Triassic) Facies (Marines clays, muds and marls Fin.) in the Iberian Ranges, eastern Spain. - Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol., 91, 347-361.
62. LÓPEZ-GÓMEZ J. & ARCHE A. (1994). - El Triasico y el Permico del SE de la Cordillera Ibérica. - I Coloquio Pérmico Triasico España, Cuenca, Guia de excursión.
63. LÓPEZ-GÓMEZ J. & ARCHE A., MARZO M. & DURAND M. (2005). - Stratigraphical and palaeogeographical significance of the continental sedimentary transition across the Permian-Triassic boundary in Spain. - Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol., 22, 3-23.
64. LOZOVSKY V.R., KRASSILOV V.A., AFONIN S.A., BUROV B.V. & YAROSHENKO O.P. (2001). - Transitional Permian-Triassic deposits in European Russia, and non-marine correlations. In: G. CASSINIS, Ed., Permian continental deposits of Europe and other areas. Regional reports and correlations. - Natura Bresciana, Ann. Mus. Civ. Sc. Nat., Monografia 25, 301-310.
65. MACK G.H. & RASMUSSEN K.A. (1984). - Alluvial-fan sedimentation of the Cutler Formation (Permo-pennsylvanian) near Gateway, Colorado. - Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., 95, 109-116.
66. MÁRQUEZ-ALIAGA A., VALENZUELA-RÍOS J.I., CALVET F. & BUDUROV K. (2000). - Middle Triassic conodonts from northeastern Spain: biostratigraphic implications. - Terra Nova, 12, 77-83.
67. MIALL A.D. (1996). - The geology of fluvial deposits. - Springer, Berlin, 582 p.
68. MUTO T. & STEEL R.J. (1997). - Principles of regression and transgression: The nature of the interplay between accommodation and sediment supply. - J. Sediment. Res., 67, 994-1000.
69. MUTO T. & STEEL R.J. (2000). - The accommodation concept in sequence stratigraphy: Some dimensional problems and possible redefinition. - Sediment. Geol., 130, 1-10.
70. NAWROCKI J. (2004). - The Permian-Triassic boundary in the Central European Basin: Magnetostratigraphic constraints. - Terra Nova, 16, 139-145.
71. OLSEN T. (1995). - Sequence stratigraphy, alluvial architecture and potential reservoir heterogeneities of the fluvial deposits: evidence from outcrop studies in Price Canyon, Utah (Upper Cretaceous and Lower Tertiary). In: R.J. STEEL, V.L. FELT, E.P. JOHANNESSEN & C. MATHIEU, Eds., Sequence stratigraphy of the northwestern European margin. - Norw. Pet. Soc., Spec. Publ., 5 75-96.
72. ORTON G.J. & READING H.G. (1993). - Variability of deltaic processes in terms of sediment supply, with particular emphasis on grain size. - Sedimentology, 40, 475-5 12.
73. PEMBERTON S.G., MACEACHERN J.A. & FREY R.W. (1992). - Trace fossil facies models: Environmental and allostratigraphic significance. In R.G. WALKER & N.P. JAMES, Eds, Facies models: Response to sea level change. - GEOtext, 1. - Geol. Assoc. Canada, 409 p.
74. PÉRON S., BOURQUIN S., FLUTEAU F. & GUILLOCHEAU F. (2005). - Paleoenvironment reconstructions and climate simulations of the Early Triassic: Impact of the water and sediment supply on the preservation of fluvial system. - Geodin. Acta, 18, 6, 431-446.
75. PÉREZ-ARLUCEA M. & SOPEÑA A. (1985). - Estratigrafía del Pérmico y Tríasico en el sector central de la rama Castellana de la Cordillera Ibérica (Provincias de Guadalajara y Teruel). - Estud. Geol., 41, 207-222.
76. RAMOS A. (1979). - Estratigrafía y paleogeografía del Pérmico y Triásico al Oeste de Molina de Aragón (Provincia de Guadalajara). - Seminarios de Estratigrafia. Monografías, 6 313 p.
77. ROSS C.A. & ROSS J.R.P. (1987). - Late Paleozoic sea levels and depositional sequences. In: C.A. ROSS & D. HAMAN, Eds., Timing and depositional history of eustatic sequences: Constraints on seismic stratigraphy. - Cushman Found. Foram. Res., Sp. Publ., 24, 137-149.
78. SEILACHER A. (1967). - Bathymetry of trace fossils. - Mar. Geol., 5, 413-428.
79. SEIDLER L. (2000). - Incised submarine canyons governing new evidence of Early Triassic rifting in East Greenland. - Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol., 161, 267-293.
80. SHANLEY K.W. & MCCABE P.J. (1994). - Perspectives on the sequence stratigraphy of continental strata. - AAPG Bull., 78, 544-568
81. SHU O. & NORRIS G. (1999). - Earliest Triassic (Induan) spores and pollen from the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, northwestern China. - Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol., 106, 1-56.
82. SICILIA F. & GÓMEZ J.A. (1977). - Estudio geológico de la zona de Tabuenca. - ENADIMSA. Informe J.E.N., proyecto GM-2176, vol. 1: 56 p., vol.2: 35 p.
83. SZURLIES M., BACHMANN G.H., MENNING M., NOWACZYK N.R. & KÄDING K.-C. (2003). - Magnetostratigraphy and high-resolution lithostratigraphy of the Permian-Triassic boundary interval in Central Germany. - Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 212, 263-278.
84. TALLOS A. (1984a). - Distribución y evolución sedimentaria de las facies detríticas triásicas de la Rama aragonesa de la Cordillera Ibérica. - I Congreso Español de Geología, 1, Segovia, 97-108.
85. TALLOS A. (1984b). - Evolución y características del Buntsandstein de la Rama aragonesa de la Cordillera Ibérica. - I Congreso Español de Geología, Segovia, 1, 271-283.
86. TEJERO R. & FERNÁNDEZ-GIANOTTI J., Eds. (2004). - CD-Rom anexo al libro de Geología de España. In: J.A. VERA, Ed., Geología de España. - SGE-IGME, Madrid.
87. TODD S.P. (1989). - Stream-driven, high-density gravelly traction carpets: Possible deposits in the Trabeg Conglomerate Formation, SW Ireland and some theoretical considerations of their origin. - Sedimentology, 36, 4, 5 13-530
88. TODD S.P. (1996). - Process deduction from fluvial sedimentary structures. In: P.A. CARLING & M.R. DAWSON, Eds., Advances in fluvial dynamics and stratigraphy. - Wiley, Chichester, 299-350.
89. ULICNÝ D. (2004). - A drying-upward aeolian system of the Bohdašín Formation (Early Triassic), Sudetes of NE Czech Republic: record of seasonality and long-term palaeoclimate change. - Sediment. Geol., 167, 17-39.
90. VAN DER ZWAN C.J. & SPAAK P. (1992). - Lower and Middle Triassic sequence stratigraphy and climatology of the Netherlands, a model. - Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol., 91, 277-290.
91. VIRGILI C. (1958). - El Triásico de los Catalánides. - Bol. Inst. Geol. Min. Esp., 69, 13-856.
92. VIRGILI C. (1977). - Le Trias du Nord de l'Espagne. - Bull. BRGM, (2), sect. IV, 3, 205-213.
93. WALKER R.G. & JAMES N.P. (1992). - Facies models: Response to sea level change. - GEOtext, 1. -Geol. Assoc. Canada, 409 p
94. WHEELER H.E. (1964a). - Base-level, lithosphere surface and time-stratigraphy. - Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., 75, 599-610
95. WHEELER H.E. (1964b). - Base-level, transit cycle. In: D.F. MERRIAM, Ed., Symposium on cyclic sedimentation. - Bull. Kansas Geol. Surv., 169, 1, 623-630.
96. ZHANG G., BUATOIS L.A., MÁNGANO M.G. & ACEÑOLAZA F.G. (1998). - Sedimentary facies and environmental ichnology of a ?Permian playa-lake complex in western Argentina. - Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol., 138, 221-243.