Adequate oral threonine is critical for mucin production and gut function in neonatal piglets

American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology

Volumn 292, Issue 5, 2007, Pages

  Law, Garson K ^a   Bertolo, Robert F ^b   Adjiri Awere, Alfred ^a,d   Pencharz, Paul B ^c   Ball, Ronald O ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

^b MEMORIAL UNIVERSITY OF NEWFOUNDLAND   (Canada)

^c HOSPITAL FOR SICK CHILDREN   (Canada)

^d Dept of Pathology   (Canada)

Author keywords

Colon; Parenteral; Small intestine

Indexed keywords

AMINO ACID; MUCIN; NITROGEN; THREONINE; UREA;

AMINO ACID BLOOD LEVEL; AMINO ACID DEFICIENCY; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; COLON; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIARRHEA; DUODENUM PH; GOBLET CELL; HISTOPATHOLOGY; ILEUM; INTESTINE FUNCTION; MALE; NITROGEN URINE LEVEL; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN SECRETION; SMALL INTESTINE; UREA BLOOD LEVEL; ANIMAL; BIOSYNTHESIS; CYTOLOGY; DRUG EFFECT; ENTERIC FEEDING; INTESTINE; METABOLISM; NEWBORN; NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENT; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; PHYSIOLOGY; SWINE;

ADMINISTRATION, ORAL; ANIMALS; ANIMALS, NEWBORN; COLON; ENTERAL NUTRITION; GOBLET CELLS; INTESTINES; MALE; MUCINS; NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS; SUS SCROFA; THREONINE;

EID: 34347371485     PISSN: 01931857     EISSN: 15221547     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00221.2006     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Allen A. Structure and function of gastrointestinal mucus. In: Physiology of the Gastrointestinal Tract, edited by Johnson LR. New York: Raven, 1981, vol. 1, p. 617-639.
2. Ball RO, Aherne FX. Influence of dietary nutrient density, level of feed intake and weaning age on young pigs. II Apparent nutrient digestibility and incidence and severity of diarrhea. Can J Anim Sci 67: 1105-1115, 1987.
3. Bertolo RF, Chen CZ, Law G, Pencharz PB, Ball RO. Threonine requirement of neonatal piglets receiving total parenteral nutrition is considerably lower than that of piglets receiving an identical diet intragastrically. J Nutr 128: 1752-1759, 1998.
4. Bertolo RF, Chen CZ, Pencharz PB, Ball RO. Intestinal atrophy has a greater impact on nitrogen metabolism than liver by-pass in piglets fed identical diets via gastric, central venous or portal venous routes. J Nutr 129: 1045-1052, 1999.
5. Bidlingmeyer BA, Cohen SA, Tarvin TL. Rapid analysis of amino acids using precolumn derivatization. J Chromatogr 336: 93-104, 1984.
6. Bradstreet R. The Kjeldahl Method for Organic Nitrogen. New York: Academic, 1965, p. 239.
7. Brown P, Miller B, Stokes C, Blazquez N, Bourne F. Histochemistry of mucins of pig intestinal secretory epithelial cells before and after weaning. J Comp Pathol 98: 313-323, 1988.
8. Carson FL. Histotechnology: a Self-Instructional Text. Chicago, IL: American Society of Clinical Pathologists, 1990.
9. Cebra JJ. Influences of microbiota on intestinal immune system development. Am J Clin Nutr 69: 1046S-1051S, 1999.
10. Corfield AP, Carroll D, Myerscough N, Probert CS. Mucins in the gastrointestinal tract in health and disease. Front Biosci 6: D1321-D1357, 2001.
11. Conour JE, Ganessunker D, Tappenden KA, Donovan SM, Gaskins HR. Acidomucin goblet cell expansion induced by parenteral nutrition in the small intestine of piglets. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 283: G1185-G1196, 2002.
12. Deplancke B, Gaskins HR. Microbial modulation of innate defense: goblet cells and the intestinal mucus layer. Am J Clin Nutr 73: 1131S-1141S, 2001.
13. Faure M, Moennoz D, Montigon F, Mettraux C, Breuille D, Ballevre O. Dietary threonine restriction specifically reduces intestinal mucin synthesis in rats. J Nutr 135: 486-491, 2005.
14. Kent PW. Exploration of glycoprotein structures: sequences and consequences. Pestic Sci 41: 209-228, 1994.
15. Lamont JT. Mucus: the front line of intestinal mucosal defense. Ann NY Acad Sci 664: 190-201, 1992.
16. Lev R, Spicer SS. Specific staining of sulphate groups with Alcian blue at low pH. J Histochem Cytochem 12: 309, 1964.
17. Lien KA, Sauer WC, Fenton M. Mucin output in ileal digesta of pigs fed a protein-free diet. Z Ernahrungswiss 36: 182-190, 1997.
18. Lillie RD. Histopathologic Technic and Practical Histochemistry (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill, 1965.
19. Mikel UV. AFIP Advanced Laboratory Methods in Histology and Pathology. Washington, DC: AFIP, 1999, p. 254.
20. Miller RS, Hoskins LC. Mucin degradation in human colon ecosystems. Gastroenterology 81: 759-765, 1981.
21. National Research Council. Nutrient Requirements of Swine (10th ed.). Washington, DC: National Academies, 1998.
22. Perera DR, Weinstein WM, Rubin CE. Symposium on pathology of the gastrointestinal tract-part II. Small intestinal biopsy. Hum Pathol 6: 157-217, 1975.
23. Reeds PJ, Burrin DG, Jahoor F, Wykes LJ, Henry J, Frazer EM. Enteral glutamate is almost completely metabolized in first pass by the gastrointestinal tract of infant pigs. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 270: E413-E418, 1996.
24. Schaart MW, Schierbeek H, Van Der Schoor SR, Stoll B, Burrin DG, Reeds PJ, Van Goudoever JB. Threonine utilization is high in the intestine of piglets. J Nutr 135: 765-770, 2005.
25. Specian RD, Oliver MG. Functional biology of intestinal goblet cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 260: C183-C193, 1991.
26. Stoll B, Burrin DG, Henry JF, Jahoor F, Reeds PJ. Dietary and systemic phenylalanine utilization for mucosal and hepatic constitutive protein synthesis in pigs. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 276: G49-G57, 1999.
27. Stoll B, Henry J, Reeds PJ, Yu H, Jahoor F, Burrin DG. Catabolism dominates the first-pass intestinal metabolism of dietary essential amino acids in milk protein-fed piglets. J Nutr 128: 606-614, 1998.
28. Tanabe H, Sugiyama K, Matsuda T, Kiriyama S, Morita T. Small intestinal mucins are secreted in proportion to the settling volume in water of dietary indigestible components in rats. J Nutr 135: 2431-2437, 2005.
29. Van Der Schoor SR, Reeds PJ, Stoll B, Henry JF, Rosenberger JR, Burrin DG, Van Goudoever JB. The high metabolic cost of a functional gut. Gastroenterology 123: 1931-1940, 2002.
30. Van Goudoever JB, Stoll B, Henry JF, Burrin DG, Reeds PJ. Adaptive regulation of intestinal lysine metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97: 11620-11625, 2000.
31. Van Klinken BJ, Dekker J, Buller HA, Einerhand AW. Mucin gene structure and expression: protection vs. adhesion. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 269: G613-G627, 1995.
32. Wykes LJ, House JD, Ball RO, Pencharz PB. Amino acid profile and aromatic amino acid concentration in total parenteral nutrition: effect on growth, protein metabolism and aromatic amino acid metabolism in the neonatal piglet. Clin Sci 87: 75-84, 1994.