-
1
-
-
34347250099
-
-
For an overview of the relation of nudism with contemporary discourse on racial degeneration see Michael Hau, The Cult of Health and Beauty in Germany: A Social History 1890-1930 Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003, 82-100, 150-75;
-
For an overview of the relation of nudism with contemporary discourse on racial degeneration see Michael Hau, The Cult of Health and Beauty in Germany: A Social History 1890-1930 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003), 82-100, 150-75;
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-
-
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2
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34347207041
-
-
Oxford: Berg
-
Chad Ross, Naked Germany: Health, Race and the Nation (Oxford: Berg, 2005), 1-15, 135-60.
-
(2005)
Naked Germany: Health, Race and the Nation
, vol.1
, Issue.15
, pp. 135-160
-
-
Ross, C.1
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3
-
-
34347223464
-
Het verlangen naar zuiverheid: Een essay over Duitsland
-
For an extensive discussion of cultural authenticity and nudity see, ed. Rob van der Laarse, Arnold Labrie, and Willem Melching Amsterdam: Spinhuis
-
For an extensive discussion of cultural authenticity and nudity see Arnold Labrie, "Het verlangen naar zuiverheid: Een essay over Duitsland," in De hang naar zuiverheid: De cultuur van het moderne Europa, ed. Rob van der Laarse, Arnold Labrie, and Willem Melching (Amsterdam: Spinhuis, 1998), 15-50;
-
(1998)
De hang naar zuiverheid: De cultuur van het moderne Europa
, pp. 15-50
-
-
Labrie, A.1
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5
-
-
34347208159
-
-
(Amsterdam: B. Bakker, 2001 ), 144-54. For a general characterization of German modernism and its preoccupation with authenticity see Modris Eksteins, Rites of Spring:: The Great War and the Birth of the Modern Age (New York: Mariner, 1989).
-
(Amsterdam: B. Bakker, 2001 ), 144-54. For a general characterization of German modernism and its preoccupation with authenticity see Modris Eksteins, Rites of Spring:: The Great War and the Birth of the Modern Age (New York: Mariner, 1989).
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-
-
-
6
-
-
84918932123
-
Performanz und historische Mimesis: Die Nachnahmung antiker Statuen in der deutschen Nacktkultur
-
About the mythical implications of nudism see, ed. Jürgen Martschukat and Steffen Patzold Cologne: Böhlau, 2003
-
About the mythical implications of nudism see Maren Möhring, "Performanz und historische Mimesis: Die Nachnahmung antiker Statuen in der deutschen Nacktkultur, 1890-1930," in Geschichtswissenschaft und "Performative Turn": Ritual, Inszenierung und Performanz vom MitteMter bis zur Neuzeit, ed. Jürgen Martschukat and Steffen Patzold (Cologne: Böhlau, 2003), 255-85.
-
(1890)
Geschichtswissenschaft und "Performative Turn": Ritual, Inszenierung und Performanz vom MitteMter bis zur Neuzeit
, pp. 255-285
-
-
Möhring, M.1
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7
-
-
34347270788
-
-
See, Ph.D. diss, University of Hull
-
See Nina Morris, "Feeling Nature: Naturism, Camping, Environment, and the Body in Britain, 1920-1960," Ph.D. diss., University of Hull, 2003.
-
(2003)
Feeling Nature: Naturism, Camping, Environment, and the Body in Britain, 1920-1960
-
-
Morris, N.1
-
8
-
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34347240241
-
-
In the study of Lebensreform in general this natural experience has similarly been neglected at the advance of a discursive perspective. This discursive approach has been marked deeply by a prolonged debate on the modern vs. antimodern nature of life reform ideology
-
In the study of Lebensreform in general this natural experience has similarly been neglected at the advance of a discursive perspective. This discursive approach has been marked deeply by a prolonged debate on the "modern" vs. "antimodern" nature of life reform ideology.
-
-
-
-
9
-
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34347214299
-
-
Antimodern characterizations can be found in Janos Frecot, Johann Friedrich Geist, and Diethart Kerbs, Fidus, 1868-1948: Zur ästhetischen Praxis bürgerlicher Fluchtbewegungen (Munich: Rogner und Bernhard, 1972), 9-12, 15-24;
-
Antimodern characterizations can be found in Janos Frecot, Johann Friedrich Geist, and Diethart Kerbs, Fidus, 1868-1948: Zur ästhetischen Praxis bürgerlicher Fluchtbewegungen (Munich: Rogner und Bernhard, 1972), 9-12, 15-24;
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-
-
-
12
-
-
34347249771
-
-
More recent studies mostly do not cling to the antimodern thesis as much, though contributions such as Thomas Faltin, Heil und Heilung: Geschichte der Laienheilkundigen und Struktur antimodernistischer Weltanschauungen in Kaiserreich und Weimarer Republik am Beispiel von Eugen Wenz (1856-1945) (Stuttgart: Steiner, 2000),
-
More recent studies mostly do not cling to the antimodern thesis as much, though contributions such as Thomas Faltin, Heil und Heilung: Geschichte der Laienheilkundigen und Struktur antimodernistischer Weltanschauungen in Kaiserreich und Weimarer Republik am Beispiel von Eugen Wenz (1856-1945) (Stuttgart: Steiner, 2000),
-
-
-
-
13
-
-
34347237465
-
-
especially 143-83 and 389-402, show that it has not faded completely. More open approaches, acknowledging the possible modernity of life reform though remaining within a predominantly discursive perspective, can be found in Eva Barlõsius, Naturgemãsse Lebensfũhrung: Zur Geschichte der Lebensreform um die Jahrhundertwende (Frankfurt: Campus, 1997);
-
especially 143-83 and 389-402, show that it has not faded completely. More open approaches, acknowledging the possible modernity of life reform though remaining within a predominantly discursive perspective, can be found in Eva Barlõsius, Naturgemãsse Lebensfũhrung: Zur Geschichte der Lebensreform um die Jahrhundertwende (Frankfurt: Campus, 1997);
-
-
-
-
15
-
-
34347228520
-
-
On the political implications of German nude culture see Giselher Spitzer, Der deutsche Naturismus: Idee und Entwickelung einer volkserzieherischen Bewegung im Schnittfeld von Lebensreform, Sport und Politik (Ahrensburg: Ingrid Czwalina, 1983);
-
On the political implications of German nude culture see Giselher Spitzer, Der deutsche Naturismus: Idee und Entwickelung einer volkserzieherischen Bewegung im Schnittfeld von Lebensreform, Sport und Politik (Ahrensburg: Ingrid Czwalina, 1983);
-
-
-
-
16
-
-
34347244052
-
-
and Marc Cluet, La 'libre culture: Le mouvement nudiste en Allemagne depuis ses origines au seuil du XXe siècle jusqu'à l'arrivée de Hitler au pouvoir (1905-1933): Présupposés, développements et enjeux idéologiques, Ph.D. diss., Université de Paris - Sorbonne - Paris IV, 2000. On German life reform in general see Handbuch der deutschen Reformbewegungen, 1880-1933, ed. Diethart Kerbs and Jürgen Reulecke (Wuppertal: Peter Hammer, 1998);
-
and Marc Cluet, "La 'libre culture: Le mouvement nudiste en Allemagne depuis ses origines au seuil du XXe siècle jusqu'à l'arrivée de Hitler au pouvoir (1905-1933): Présupposés, développements et enjeux idéologiques," Ph.D. diss., Université de Paris - Sorbonne - Paris IV, 2000. On German life reform in general see Handbuch der deutschen Reformbewegungen, 1880-1933, ed. Diethart Kerbs and Jürgen Reulecke (Wuppertal: Peter Hammer, 1998);
-
-
-
-
17
-
-
34347226544
-
-
and Die Lebensreform: Entwũrfe zur Neugestaltung von Leben und Kunst um 1900, ed. Kai Buchholz, Rita Latocha, Hilke Peckmann, and Klaus Wolbert, 2 vols. (Darmstadt: Hausser, 2001).
-
and Die Lebensreform: Entwũrfe zur Neugestaltung von Leben und Kunst um 1900, ed. Kai Buchholz, Rita Latocha, Hilke Peckmann, and Klaus Wolbert, 2 vols. (Darmstadt: Hausser, 2001).
-
-
-
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18
-
-
34347272114
-
-
Karl Dressen, Geschichte des Naturismus: Von der Nacktheit ũber die Nacktkultur zum Naturismus(Antwerp: Internationale Naturisten- Fõderation, 1996), 10-20;
-
Karl Dressen, Geschichte des Naturismus: Von der Nacktheit ũber die Nacktkultur zum Naturismus(Antwerp: Internationale Naturisten- Fõderation, 1996), 10-20;
-
-
-
-
19
-
-
34347228903
-
-
Arnaud Baube rot, Histoire du naturisme: Le mythe du retour à la nature (Rennes, France: Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2003);
-
Arnaud Baube rot, Histoire du naturisme: Le mythe du retour à la nature (Rennes, France: Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2003);
-
-
-
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21
-
-
34347235684
-
-
The predominance of performance over discourse within nude culture has been suggested powerfully by Karl Toepfer, Empire of Ecstasy: Nudity and Movement in German Body Culture, 1910-1935 Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997, 32, 387-410
-
The predominance of performance over discourse within nude culture has been suggested powerfully by Karl Toepfer, Empire of Ecstasy: Nudity and Movement in German Body Culture, 1910-1935 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997), 32, 387-410.
-
-
-
-
22
-
-
34347218789
-
Nudity and Modernity in German Dance, 1910-1930
-
See also, particular 105-8
-
See also Karl Toepfer, "Nudity and Modernity in German Dance, 1910-1930," Journal of the History of Sexuality 3, no. 1 (1992): 58-108, in particular 105-8.
-
(1992)
Journal of the History of Sexuality 3
, Issue.1
, pp. 58-108
-
-
Toepfer, K.1
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23
-
-
34347232929
-
-
See Diana Taylor, The Archive and the Repertoire: Performing Cultural Memory in the Americas(Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2003). A concise introduction into the notions of archive and repertoire within the historical discipline can be found in Herman Roodenburg,
-
See Diana Taylor, The Archive and the Repertoire: Performing Cultural Memory in the Americas(Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2003). A concise introduction into the notions of "archive" and "repertoire" within the historical discipline can be found in Herman Roodenburg,
-
-
-
-
25
-
-
34347262311
-
-
especially 17-19. On these notions within theater and performance studies and on the performance turn in cultural studies see Richard Schechner, Performance Studies: An Introduction (London: Routledge, 2002);
-
especially 17-19. On these notions within theater and performance studies and on the "performance turn" in cultural studies see Richard Schechner, Performance Studies: An Introduction (London: Routledge, 2002);
-
-
-
-
26
-
-
0004182216
-
-
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
-
and Paul Connerton, How Societies Remember (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989).
-
(1989)
How Societies Remember
-
-
Connerton, P.1
-
27
-
-
34347212704
-
-
Some specificities of Belgian nudism have been discussed in Evert Peelers, Degeneratie en dressuur: Natuurgeneeswijze, vegetarisme en naturisme als ontwerpen voor een moderne samenleving, 1890-1950, Bijdragen en Mededelingen op hetgebied van de Geschiedenis der Niederlanden 119, no. 3 (2004): 329-57.
-
Some specificities of Belgian nudism have been discussed in Evert Peelers, "Degeneratie en dressuur: Natuurgeneeswijze, vegetarisme en naturisme als ontwerpen voor een moderne samenleving, 1890-1950," Bijdragen en Mededelingen op hetgebied van de Geschiedenis der Niederlanden 119, no. 3 (2004): 329-57.
-
-
-
-
28
-
-
34347223463
-
Vrije jeugbeweging: Volksdansbeweging en jeugdherbergen in Viaanderen, 1918-1940,
-
On the radical free youth movements during the Belgian interwar period see, master's thesis, Universiteit Gent
-
On the radical free youth movements during the Belgian interwar period see Mieke Van Doorselaer, "Vrije jeugbeweging: Volksdansbeweging en jeugdherbergen in Viaanderen, 1918-1940," master's thesis, Universiteit Gent, 1980, 33-38;
-
(1980)
, pp. 33-38
-
-
Van Doorselaer, M.1
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30
-
-
34347251059
-
-
Labrie, 15-50; and Louis Vos, Bloei en ondergang van bet AKVS: Gescbiedenis van de katholieke Vluamse Studentenbeweging 1914-1935,2 vols. (Leuven: Davidsfonds, 1982), 1:207-27. On the origins of De Spar see Antwerp, Archive Athena, collection De Spar (hereafter AAADS), internal bulletin, 2 August 1931. For the membership number see the interview with M. Vreugde in Rob Caers, Naturisme in het interbellum: een verkenning, master's thesis, Universiteit Gent, 1996, 118.
-
Labrie, 15-50; and Louis Vos, Bloei en ondergang van bet AKVS: Gescbiedenis van de katholieke Vluamse Studentenbeweging 1914-1935,2 vols. (Leuven: Davidsfonds, 1982), 1:207-27. On the origins of De Spar see Antwerp, Archive Athena, collection "De Spar" (hereafter AAADS), internal bulletin, 2 August 1931. For the membership number see the interview with M. Vreugde in Rob Caers, "Naturisme in het interbellum: een verkenning," master's thesis, Universiteit Gent, 1996, 118.
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-
-
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31
-
-
34347265466
-
-
Un ordre du jour, Lumière et liberté: Organe officiel de Hélios, Ligue belge de propagande béliopbile 3, no. 19 (1934): 1. See also Caers, 31-34, 34-37, and 101 on the pseudonym of Paul-Jozef Swenne as Marc Lanval.
-
Un ordre du jour," Lumière et liberté: Organe officiel de Hélios, Ligue belge de propagande béliopbile 3, no. 19 (1934): 1. See also Caers, 31-34, 34-37, and 101 on the pseudonym of Paul-Jozef Swenne as Marc Lanval.
-
-
-
-
32
-
-
34347211615
-
-
J. Simon, Belgische strafwetten: Strafwetboek, wetboek van strafvoràering en bijkomende wetten (Brussels: P. de Beus, 1938), 104-7.
-
J. Simon, Belgische strafwetten: Strafwetboek, wetboek van strafvoràering en bijkomende wetten (Brussels: P. de Beus, 1938), 104-7.
-
-
-
-
33
-
-
34347210862
-
-
See also, Paris: Laurier
-
See also Marc Lanval, Les peaux de bronze: Nudisme, naturisme, libre-culture, héliothérapie et eugénique (Paris: Laurier, 1931), 124-27.
-
(1931)
Les peaux de bronze: Nudisme, naturisme, libre-culture, héliothérapie et eugénique
, pp. 124-127
-
-
Lanval, M.1
-
34
-
-
34347238802
-
-
Lanval's study also appeared in a Dutch version as Het Naakte Leven: Lucht, licht- en zonnebaden, vrije lichaamscultuur, enz. Hoe ? Waarom ? Wanneer ? Geïllustreerde uitgave (Antwerp: Privately printed, 1931).
-
Lanval's study also appeared in a Dutch version as Het Naakte Leven: Lucht, licht- en zonnebaden, vrije lichaamscultuur, enz. Hoe ? Waarom ? Wanneer ? Geïllustreerde uitgave (Antwerp: Privately printed, 1931).
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-
-
-
35
-
-
34347238432
-
-
AAADS, circular letter, April 1934.
-
AAADS, circular letter, April 1934.
-
-
-
-
36
-
-
34347238433
-
-
AADS, internal bulletin, 25 January
-
AADS, internal bulletin, 29 March, 10 May, and 12 December 1931; AAADS, Huig Hofman to anonymous, 25 January 1938.
-
(1938)
29 March, 10 May, and 12 December 1931; AAADS, Huig Hofman to anonymous
-
-
-
37
-
-
34347241570
-
-
AAADS, announcement, 5 May, 30 May 1935; Berchem, Archive International Naturist Federation, Belgique 1956-1968, Biafra, Bolivie, Maurice Vreugde to H. and I. Dilissen, 19 August 1949, Maurice Vreugde to R. M. Walter, 19 August 1949; AAADS, Huig Hofman to G. Biart, 12 June 1933, Huig Hofman to R. Buxin, 7 July 1933.
-
AAADS, announcement, 5 May, 30 May 1935; Berchem, Archive International Naturist Federation, "Belgique 1956-1968, Biafra, Bolivie," Maurice Vreugde to H. and I. Dilissen, 19 August 1949, Maurice Vreugde to R. M. Walter, 19 August 1949; AAADS, Huig Hofman to G. Biart, 12 June 1933, Huig Hofman to R. Buxin, 7 July 1933.
-
-
-
-
39
-
-
34347246539
-
-
Pourquoi nudisme intégral? Lumière et liberté 1, no. 1 (1932): 4.
-
Pourquoi nudisme intégral?" Lumière et liberté 1, no. 1 (1932): 4.
-
-
-
-
40
-
-
34347259761
-
-
Lanval, Les peaux de bronze, 54, 57 19 Ibid., 70, 69, 73.
-
Lanval, Les peaux de bronze, 54, 57 19 Ibid., 70, 69, 73.
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-
-
-
42
-
-
34347245108
-
-
On Zedenadel see Willem Arts, Historisch overzicht van de werking van zedenadel-levensadel (1933-1970) (N.p.: Zedenadel-Levensadel, 1970);
-
On Zedenadel see Willem Arts, Historisch overzicht van de werking van zedenadel-levensadel (1933-1970) (N.p.: Zedenadel-Levensadel, 1970);
-
-
-
-
43
-
-
34347230334
-
Zedenadel in Viaanderen (1933-1939): Katholieke moraalridders en de strijd om de morele herbewapening van de samenleving,
-
master's thesis, Universiteit Leuven
-
and Yves Peeters, "Zedenadel in Viaanderen (1933-1939): Katholieke moraalridders en de strijd om de morele herbewapening van de samenleving," master's thesis, Universiteit Leuven, 1997.
-
(1997)
-
-
Peeters, Y.1
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44
-
-
34347271168
-
-
A concise discussion of this Catholic réveil can be found in Marnix Beyen, Op wacht bij het erf. Jeugdbewegingen en historisch besef in Viaanderen, 1920-1965, Bijdrfigen tot de Eijjentijdse Geschiedenis/Cahiers d'histoire du temps présent 8 (2001): 31-65.
-
A concise discussion of this Catholic réveil can be found in Marnix Beyen, "Op wacht bij het erf. Jeugdbewegingen en historisch besef in Viaanderen, 1920-1965," Bijdrfigen tot de Eijjentijdse Geschiedenis/Cahiers d'histoire du temps présent 8 (2001): 31-65.
-
-
-
-
45
-
-
34347244421
-
-
Maurice Vreugde, Overzicht der naaktcultuurbeweging in Viaanderen en Wallonië, Naar hasch en hei: Maandblad van de Vlaamsche Kampeergemeenschap 3, nos. 3-4 (1932):
-
"Maurice Vreugde, "Overzicht der naaktcultuurbeweging in Viaanderen en Wallonië," Naar hasch en hei: Maandblad van de Vlaamsche Kampeergemeenschap 3, nos. 3-4 (1932):
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-
-
-
46
-
-
34347227650
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Wat is vrije lichaamscultuur
-
See also
-
See also Oswald-Johan de Schampelaere, "Wat is vrije lichaamscultuur," Naar bosch en hei 3, nos. 3-4 (1932): 6.
-
(1932)
Naar bosch en hei
, vol.3
, Issue.3-4
, pp. 6
-
-
Oswald-Johan de Schampelaere1
-
48
-
-
34347271169
-
Nudisme en levenshervorming
-
Jozef Geerts, "Nudisme en levenshervorming," Naar hosch en hei 2, no. 6 (1931): 6.
-
(1931)
Naar hosch en hei
, vol.2
, Issue.6
, pp. 6
-
-
Geerts, J.1
-
49
-
-
34347273251
-
-
Evidence of multiple complaints filed by Zedenadel members relating to a single offense can be found in Wat kan ieder persoonlijk doen? ZeAenaAel: Driemiwndelijksch orgaan van den bond voor openban zedelijkheid l, no. 1 1933-34, 12
-
Evidence of multiple complaints filed by Zedenadel members relating to a single offense can be found in "Wat kan ieder persoonlijk doen?" ZeAenaAel: Driemiwndelijksch orgaan van den bond voor openban zedelijkheid l, no. 1 (1933-34): 12.
-
-
-
-
50
-
-
34347207039
-
-
See also Wat onze leden kunnen, ZeAenadel 2, no. 4 (1934-35): 67. Most were dismissed, since those lodging the complaint were not witnesses to the offense.
-
See also "Wat onze leden kunnen," ZeAenadel 2, no. 4 (1934-35): 67. Most were dismissed, since those lodging the complaint were not witnesses to the offense.
-
-
-
-
51
-
-
34347244777
-
-
Le rouge et le noir: Tribune libre de Bruxelles, 12 July 1933, 5. See also Caers, 91-93.
-
Le rouge et le noir: Tribune libre de Bruxelles, 12 July 1933, 5. See also Caers, 91-93.
-
-
-
-
52
-
-
34347270019
-
-
Caers, 93
-
Caers, 93.
-
-
-
-
53
-
-
34347226128
-
-
See AAADS, circular letter, April 1948.
-
See AAADS, circular letter, April 1948.
-
-
-
-
54
-
-
34347267850
-
La cure de soleil
-
Charles De Smeth, "La cure de soleil," Lumière et liberté 1, no. 1 (1932): 2;
-
(1932)
Lumière et liberté
, vol.1
, Issue.1
, pp. 2
-
-
Smeth, C.D.1
-
56
-
-
34347231119
-
-
Frans-Jozef Van den Broeck, Het levensproblema: De natuurlijke behandeling der zieken (Brecht: Braeckmans, 1904).
-
Frans-Jozef Van den Broeck, Het levensproblema: De natuurlijke behandeling der zieken (Brecht: Braeckmans, 1904).
-
-
-
-
57
-
-
34347266381
-
French version of the same brochure was also later published as Frans-Jozef Van den Broeck
-
A, Brecht: Braeckmans
-
A French version of the same brochure was also later published as Frans-Jozef Van den Broeck, Le problème de la vie et le traitement hygiénique des malades (Brecht: Braeckmans, 1907).
-
(1907)
Le problème de la vie et le traitement hygiénique des malades
-
-
-
58
-
-
34347241172
-
-
A biographical survey of Van den Broeck can be found in a series of essays written without attribution by Alois van Son and all entitled Beknopte levensschets van F. J. Van den Broeck: see Maandschrift van bet Hygienisch Gesticht Van den Broeck: Natuurgeneeskunaig tijdschrift: Fides-Caritas-Ratio 1, no. 10 (1923-24): 149-59; 1, no. 11 (1923-24): 165-70; 1, no. 12 (1923-24): 191-94;
-
A biographical survey of Van den Broeck can be found in a series of essays written without attribution by Alois van Son and all entitled "Beknopte levensschets van F. J. Van den Broeck": see Maandschrift van bet Hygienisch Gesticht Van den Broeck: Natuurgeneeskunaig tijdschrift: Fides-Caritas-Ratio 1, no. 10 (1923-24): 149-59; 1, no. 11 (1923-24): 165-70; 1, no. 12 (1923-24): 191-94;
-
-
-
-
59
-
-
34347256944
-
-
and Terug ter Orde: Fides-Caritas-Ratio: Natuurgeneeskundig Tijdschrift van het Hygienisch Gesticht Van den Broeck 2, no. 1 ( 1924-25 ): 207-11; 2, no. 2 (1924-25): 219-22; 2, no. 5 (1924-25): 265-70.
-
and Terug ter Orde: Fides-Caritas-Ratio: Natuurgeneeskundig Tijdschrift van het Hygienisch Gesticht Van den Broeck 2, no. 1 ( 1924-25 ): 207-11; 2, no. 2 (1924-25): 219-22; 2, no. 5 (1924-25): 265-70.
-
-
-
-
60
-
-
34347235335
-
Sebastiaan Kneipp bij Paus Leo XIII
-
On Van den Broeck's admiration for Rikli en Priessnitz see
-
On Van den Broeck's admiration for Rikli en Priessnitz see [Alois van Son], "Sebastiaan Kneipp bij Paus Leo XIII," Terug ter Orde 5, no. 1 (1928): 877-91.
-
(1928)
Terug ter Orde
, vol.5
, Issue.1
, pp. 877-891
-
-
Alois van Son1
-
61
-
-
34347221402
-
-
For biographical details about van Son see, Brussels and The Hague: Manteau
-
For biographical details about van Son see Marnix Gijsen, De leerjaren van Jan-Albert Goris (Brussels and The Hague: Manteau, 1975), 65-69;
-
(1975)
De leerjaren van Jan-Albert Goris
, pp. 65-69
-
-
Gijsen, M.1
-
64
-
-
34347222373
-
Het derde leven van Stijn Streuvels
-
ed, Wauters Kapellen, Belgium: Pelckmans, 154
-
and Ludo Simons, "Het derde leven van Stijn Streuvels," in Verbalen voor Viaanderen: Aspecten van bet Vlaamse fictioneel proza tot nan de Tweede WereUoorlejf, ed. Karel Wauters (Kapellen, Belgium: Pelckmans, 1997), 154.
-
(1997)
Verbalen voor Viaanderen: Aspecten van bet Vlaamse fictioneel proza tot nan de Tweede WereUoorlejf
-
-
Simons, L.1
-
65
-
-
34347211246
-
-
Aloïs van Son
-
[Aloïs van Son], "Het Zonbad," Terug ter Orde 3, nos. 5-6 (1925-26): 493;
-
(1925)
Terug ter Orde
, vol.3
, Issue.5-6
, pp. 493
-
-
Zonbad, H.1
-
67
-
-
34347260511
-
-
On these Kneipp Institutes see Evert Peeters, Een tweede natuur: Naturisten, vegetariën en natuurgenezen in Eelgië, 1890-1950 (Second Nature: Nudists, Vegetarians, and Natural Therapists in Belgium, 1890-1950), forthcoming.
-
On these Kneipp Institutes see Evert Peeters, Een tweede natuur: Naturisten, vegetariën en natuurgenezen in Eelgië, 1890-1950 (Second Nature: Nudists, Vegetarians, and Natural Therapists in Belgium, 1890-1950), forthcoming.
-
-
-
-
68
-
-
34347250287
-
-
On the development of life reform practices in Belgium from the 1890s see Kaat Wils et al., Europäische und amerikanische Ausprägungen der Lebensreform, in Buchholz et al., Die Lebensreform, 1:523-24; and Ingrid Vanden Berk, Uit de docken gedaan: Rond reformkleding in België en in haar buurlanden, master's thesis, Universiteit Leuven, 2002. On the similar and closely interrelated development of life reform in the Netherlands see Frank Huisman en Henk Te Velde, Op zoek naar nieuwe vormen in wetenschap en politick: De 'medische' kleine geloven, De Negentiende Eeuw25, no. 3 (2001): 129-36;
-
On the development of life reform practices in Belgium from the 1890s see Kaat Wils et al., "Europäische und amerikanische Ausprägungen der Lebensreform," in Buchholz et al., Die Lebensreform, 1:523-24; and Ingrid Vanden Berk, "Uit de docken gedaan: Rond reformkleding in België en in haar buurlanden," master's thesis, Universiteit Leuven, 2002. On the similar and closely interrelated development of life reform in the Netherlands see Frank Huisman en Henk Te Velde, "Op zoek naar nieuwe vormen in wetenschap en politick: De 'medische' kleine geloven," De Negentiende Eeuw25, no. 3 (2001): 129-36;
-
-
-
-
72
-
-
34347262511
-
-
AAADS, Huig Hofrnan to P. E. Spiering, 24 February 1933.
-
AAADS, Huig Hofrnan to P. E. Spiering, 24 February 1933.
-
-
-
-
73
-
-
34347272496
-
-
On Bussens see
-
On Bussens see Caers, 104.
-
, vol.104
-
-
Caers1
-
76
-
-
34347220331
-
Ein Einblick in das Leben und Wirken von Pfarrer Nicolas Neuens
-
On the career of Nicolas Neuens see, ed. Eloi Welter Luxembourg: Saint-Paul
-
On the career of Nicolas Neuens see Eloi Welter, "Ein Einblick in das Leben und Wirken von Pfarrer Nicolas Neuens," in Abbé Nicolas Neuens, sein Leben, sein Lebenswerk: Gründer des integralen Naturismus, 1845-2925, ed. Eloi Welter (Luxembourg: Saint-Paul, 1967), 21-28.
-
(1967)
Abbé Nicolas Neuens, sein Leben, sein Lebenswerk: Gründer des integralen Naturismus, 1845-2925
, pp. 21-28
-
-
Welter, E.1
-
78
-
-
34347216922
-
Naturheilkunde
-
On the logical coherence of naturopathic practice see, ed. Diethart Kerbs and Jürgen Reulecke Wuppertal: Hammer
-
On the logical coherence of naturopathic practice see Wolfgang R. Krabbe, "Naturheilkunde," in Handbuch der deutschen Reformbewegungen, 1880-1933, ed. Diethart Kerbs and Jürgen Reulecke (Wuppertal: Hammer, 1988), 80.
-
(1988)
Handbuch der deutschen Reformbewegungen, 1880-1933
, pp. 80
-
-
Krabbe, W.R.1
-
79
-
-
46149147355
-
-
Brussels: Librairie de culture humaine
-
Paul Nyssens, L'énergie procréatrice (Brussels: Librairie de culture humaine, 1928), 9-15, 52-55, 102-1.
-
(1928)
L'énergie procréatrice
-
-
Nyssens, P.1
-
81
-
-
34347261936
-
-
For more about psychoanalysis and German Lebensreform see Stefana Sabin, Eine neue Seele: Die Psychoanalyse als reformatorisches Projekt, in Buchholz et al., Die Lebensreform, 117-20.
-
For more about psychoanalysis and German Lebensreform see Stefana Sabin, "Eine neue Seele: Die Psychoanalyse als reformatorisches Projekt," in Buchholz et al., Die Lebensreform, 117-20.
-
-
-
-
82
-
-
34347260135
-
-
For an example of Neuens's idiosyncratic combination of Catholic and naturist thought see
-
For an example of Neuens's idiosyncratic combination of Catholic and naturist thought see Neuens, 6.
-
, vol.6
-
-
Neuens1
-
84
-
-
33846038992
-
The Enduring Appeal of Physiognomy: Physical Appearance as a Sign of Temperament, Character, and Intelligence
-
On the history of phrenology see
-
On the history of phrenology see Alan F. Colins, "The Enduring Appeal of Physiognomy: Physical Appearance as a Sign of Temperament, Character, and Intelligence," History of Psychology 2, no. 4 (1999): 251-76;
-
(1999)
History of Psychology
, vol.2
, Issue.4
, pp. 251-276
-
-
Colins, A.F.1
-
85
-
-
85045828010
-
Personality and Psychopathology: A Historical Perspective
-
and Brendan A. Maher and Winifred B. Maher, "Personality and Psychopathology: A Historical Perspective," Journal of Abnormal Psychology 103, no. 1 (1994): 72-77.
-
(1994)
Journal of Abnormal Psychology
, vol.103
, Issue.1
, pp. 72-77
-
-
Maher, B.A.1
Maher, W.B.2
-
86
-
-
34347224604
-
-
On the reception of phrenology in the nineteenth century and its (short-lived) popularity in Belgium see Gommaar Van der Wee, De faam van Gall: Franz Joseph Gall (1758-1828) in de negentiende eeuw, master's thesis, Universiteit Leuven, 2001;
-
On the reception of phrenology in the nineteenth century and its (short-lived) popularity in Belgium see Gommaar Van der Wee, "De faam van Gall: Franz Joseph Gall (1758-1828) in de negentiende eeuw," master's thesis, Universiteit Leuven, 2001;
-
-
-
-
87
-
-
84975513885
-
Frenologie in België en Nederland in de negentiende eeuw,
-
master's thesis, Universiteit Leuven
-
and Evi Loncke, "Frenologie in België en Nederland in de negentiende eeuw," master's thesis, Universiteit Leuven, 2001.
-
(2001)
-
-
Loncke, E.1
-
88
-
-
34347270787
-
-
On phrenology in German Lebensreform see Hau, 33-44.
-
On phrenology in German Lebensreform see Hau, 33-44.
-
-
-
-
89
-
-
34347209263
-
-
50Société végétarienne de Belgique, La réforme alimentaire: Organe des Sociétés végétariennes de France et de Belgique II, no. 11 (1907): 276.
-
50"Société végétarienne de Belgique," La réforme alimentaire: Organe des Sociétés végétariennes de France et de Belgique II, no. 11 (1907): 276.
-
-
-
-
90
-
-
34347251422
-
-
51Paul Nyssens, Pensée féconde: Entraînement intensif àl'auto-suggestion (Brussels: Librairie de culture humaine, 1930), 11, 31, 50.
-
51Paul Nyssens, Pensée féconde: Entraînement intensif àl'auto-suggestion (Brussels: Librairie de culture humaine, 1930), 11, 31, 50.
-
-
-
-
91
-
-
34347267486
-
Il y végétarisme et végétarisme
-
Editorial board
-
[Editorial board], "Il y végétarisme et végétarisme," La réforme alimentaire 19, no. 3 (1924): 6.
-
(1924)
La réforme alimentaire
, vol.19
, Issue.3
, pp. 6
-
-
-
92
-
-
34347239494
-
Bonnes adresses
-
Paul Nyssens, "Bonnes adresses," La réforme alimentaire 19, no. 5 (1924): 9.
-
(1924)
La réforme alimentaire
, vol.19
, Issue.5
, pp. 9
-
-
Nyssens, P.1
-
95
-
-
34347265085
-
-
On the emergence of self-suggestion within the Franco-Belgian vegetarian movement see
-
On the emergence of self-suggestion within the Franco-Belgian vegetarian movement see Baubérot, 152-57.
-
, vol.152 -57
-
-
Baubérot1
-
96
-
-
34347215686
-
Moral et maladie
-
Victor Pascault, "Moral et maladie," Laéforme alimentaire 12, no. 1 (1908): 5-7.
-
(1908)
Laéforme alimentaire
, vol.12
, Issue.1
, pp. 5-7
-
-
Pascault, V.1
-
97
-
-
34347235331
-
-
Some biographical remarks on Léon Neuens can be found in Jan Magnus, Ter nagedachtenis, Het voorlichtingsblad: Gezondheid en hygiene voor Men 1, no. 6 (1936-37): 81-82.
-
Some biographical remarks on Léon Neuens can be found in Jan Magnus, "Ter nagedachtenis," Het voorlichtingsblad: Gezondheid en hygiene voor Men 1, no. 6 (1936-37): 81-82.
-
-
-
-
98
-
-
34347245107
-
-
Brussels: Librairie de culture humaine
-
Leon Neuens, Malades, guérissez-vous par les moyens naturels (Brussels: Librairie de culture humaine, 1912), 107, 112, 116.
-
(1912)
Malades, guérissez-vous par les moyens naturels
, vol.107
, Issue.112
, pp. 116
-
-
Neuens, L.1
-
99
-
-
34347264703
-
Of Horses, Planks and Window Sleepers: Stage Hypnotism meets Reform, 1836-1920
-
On Herbert Parkyn and the Chicago School of Psychology see
-
On Herbert Parkyn and the Chicago School of Psychology see F. Navis, "Of Horses, Planks and Window Sleepers: Stage Hypnotism meets Reform, 1836-1920," Journal of Medical Humanities 22, no. 3 (2001): 223-45.
-
(2001)
Journal of Medical Humanities
, vol.22
, Issue.3
, pp. 223-245
-
-
Navis, F.1
-
100
-
-
34347219969
-
-
Herbert A. Parkyn, Auto-suggestion: Ce que c'est et comment on peut s'en servir pour atteindre santé, bonheur et success, trans. Paul Nyssens (Brussels: Librairie de culture humaine, 1923), 5, 7.
-
Herbert A. Parkyn, Auto-suggestion: Ce que c'est et comment on peut s'en servir pour atteindre santé, bonheur et success, trans. Paul Nyssens (Brussels: Librairie de culture humaine, 1923), 5, 7.
-
-
-
-
101
-
-
34347239887
-
-
Ibid., 32, 35, 38.
-
, vol.32
, Issue.35
, pp. 38
-
-
Navis, F.1
-
106
-
-
34347232554
-
-
Ibid., 10-11, 28.
-
, vol.10-11
, pp. 28
-
-
Nyssens1
-
108
-
-
34347236748
-
Vruchten en groenten als voedsel en geneesmiddel
-
[Aloï's van Son], "Vruchten en groenten als voedsel en geneesmiddel," Terug ter Orde 10, nos. 4-5 (1934-35): 61.
-
(1934)
Terug ter Orde
, vol.10
, Issue.4-5
, pp. 61
-
-
Aloï's van Son1
-
109
-
-
34347255568
-
Le nudisme intégral: Ses bienfaits, physiques et moraux
-
Ligue gymnique de la Côte d'Azur de Nice
-
[Ligue gymnique de la Côte d'Azur de Nice], "Le nudisme intégral: Ses bienfaits, physiques et moraux," Lumière et liberté 3, no. 19 (1934): 3.
-
(1934)
Lumière et liberté
, vol.3
, Issue.19
, pp. 3
-
-
-
110
-
-
34347214978
-
-
Ibid.
-
-
-
-
111
-
-
34347253760
-
-
AAADS, Huig Hofman to A. de Deckère, 8 August 1934.
-
AAADS, Huig Hofman to A. de Deckère, 8 August 1934.
-
-
-
-
112
-
-
34347256943
-
-
Geerts, 6-7
-
Geerts, 6-7.
-
-
-
-
115
-
-
34347255945
-
Het Sprookje van Waan en Wezen
-
Yge Foppema, "Het Sprookje van Waan en Wezen," Terug ter Orde 3, nos. 5-6 ( 1925-26): 469-71.
-
(1925)
Terug ter Orde
, vol.3
, Issue.5-6
, pp. 469-471
-
-
Foppema, Y.1
-
116
-
-
34347261226
-
-
Geerts, 6
-
Geerts, 6.
-
-
-
-
117
-
-
85030615317
-
-
On the tendencies toward individual anarchism see, 2 vols, Paris: Gallimard
-
On the tendencies toward individual anarchism see Jean Maitron, Le mouvement anarchiste en prance, 2 vols. (Paris: Gallimard, 1983);
-
(1983)
Le mouvement anarchiste en prance
-
-
Maitron, J.1
-
120
-
-
34347260134
-
Appel aux végétariens et aux associés sympathiques
-
On the colonies of vegetarian anarchists see
-
On the colonies of vegetarian anarchists see Karel Uyttenhoven, "Appel aux végétariens et aux associés sympathiques," La réforme alimentaire 6, no. 7 (1902): 137-38.
-
(1902)
La réforme alimentaire
, vol.6
, Issue.7
, pp. 137-138
-
-
Uyttenhoven, K.1
-
121
-
-
34347223104
-
-
From the private archive of Jan Vroman of Mortsel, Belgium, Uittreksel van de bijlage van het staatsblad van 12 december 1931 n° 1385 [Extract of the Appendix of the Belgian Bulletin of Acts, Orders, and Decrees, 12 December 1931, no. 1385], Standregelen De Spar [Standing Orders De Spar].
-
From the private archive of Jan Vroman of Mortsel, Belgium, "Uittreksel van de bijlage van het staatsblad van 12 december 1931 n° 1385 [Extract of the Appendix of the Belgian Bulletin of Acts, Orders, and Decrees, 12 December 1931, no. 1385], Standregelen De Spar [Standing Orders De Spar]."
-
-
-
-
123
-
-
34347205854
-
-
AAADS, Huig Hofman to H. de Ryck, 10 July 1934.
-
AAADS, Huig Hofman to H. de Ryck, 10 July 1934.
-
-
-
-
124
-
-
34347216561
-
-
AAADS, memo by Huig Hofman, 23 July 1933.
-
AAADS, memo by Huig Hofman, 23 July 1933.
-
-
-
-
125
-
-
34347250286
-
-
AAADS, Janssens, 2 November
-
AAADS, Huig Hofman to A. Janssens, 2 November 1934.
-
(1934)
Huig Hofman to A
-
-
-
126
-
-
34347235334
-
Om streden démocratie
-
On the impulse toward totalitarianism in interwar Belgium see, ed. Ronny Gobyn and Winston Spriet Brussels: ASLK
-
On the impulse toward totalitarianism in interwar Belgium see Emmanuel Gerard, "Om streden démocratie," in De jaren Aertig in België: De massa in verleiding, ed. Ronny Gobyn and Winston Spriet (Brussels: ASLK, 1994), 74-123.
-
(1994)
De jaren Aertig in België: De massa in verleiding
, pp. 74-123
-
-
Gerard, E.1
-
127
-
-
34347273248
-
-
AAADS, Internal communication, n.d.
-
AAADS, "Internal communication," n.d.
-
-
-
-
129
-
-
34347249417
-
Levenshervorming
-
Bert Van Hoorick, "Levenshervorming," Noodhoorn 3,no. 1 (1932-33): 25,
-
(1932)
Noodhoorn 3
, Issue.1
, pp. 25
-
-
Van Hoorick, B.1
-
130
-
-
34347222743
-
-
also quoted in Kris Humbeeck, Dat donkere ding, de massa: Omtrent Louis Paul Boon en de jonge generatie in de jaren dertig, in Boontjes 1966, ed. Julien Weverbergh (Antwerp: Houtekiek, 2001), 361;
-
also quoted in Kris Humbeeck, "Dat donkere ding, de massa: Omtrent Louis Paul Boon en de jonge generatie in de jaren dertig," in Boontjes 1966, ed. Julien Weverbergh (Antwerp: Houtekiek, 2001), 361;
-
-
-
-
131
-
-
34347238070
-
-
Verslag van de bestuursvergadering van A.V.S. op 18-2-33, Opkomsto, no. 3 (1932-33): 100, also quoted in Humbeeck, 370. On Van Hoorick's vegetarianism see Hemmerijckx, Bert van Hoorick, 110;
-
"Verslag van de bestuursvergadering van A.V.S. op 18-2-33," Opkomsto, no. 3 (1932-33): 100, also quoted in Humbeeck, 370. On Van Hoorick's vegetarianism see Hemmerijckx, "Bert van Hoorick," 110;
-
-
-
-
133
-
-
34347258336
-
L'Allemagne actuelle
-
For one Nazi sympathizer's comments see
-
For one Nazi sympathizer's comments see Ena Nillsen, "L'Allemagne actuelle," Lumière et liberté 3, no. 22(1934): 3.
-
(1934)
Lumière et liberté
, vol.3
, Issue.22
, pp. 3
-
-
Nillsen, E.1
-
134
-
-
34347229612
-
-
On the connections between Lebensreform and Nazi ideology in Germany see, for example, the role of Hans Suren, in Giselher Spitzer, Gymnastik oder Parademarsch? Die Rolle Hans Suréns für die Einführung der Leibesübungen in des Nationalsozialistischen Arbeitsdienstes, in Sport zwischen Eigenständigkeit und Fremdbestimmung, ed. Giselher Spitzer and Dieter Schmidt (Bonn: D. Kurz, 1986), 193-212.
-
On the connections between Lebensreform and Nazi ideology in Germany see, for example, the role of Hans Suren, in Giselher Spitzer, "Gymnastik oder Parademarsch? Die Rolle Hans Suréns für die Einführung der Leibesübungen in des Nationalsozialistischen Arbeitsdienstes," in Sport zwischen Eigenständigkeit und Fremdbestimmung, ed. Giselher Spitzer and Dieter Schmidt (Bonn: D. Kurz, 1986), 193-212.
-
-
-
-
135
-
-
34347253403
-
Le phénoméne hitlérien devant la sexologie
-
Marc Lanval, "Le phénoméne hitlérien devant la sexologie," Lumière et liberté 5, no. 43 (1936): 1,4.
-
(1936)
Lumière et liberté
, vol.5
, Issue.43
, pp. 1-4
-
-
Lanval, M.1
-
136
-
-
34347225407
-
-
AAADS, Huig Hofman to A. Donk, 11 January 1941.
-
AAADS, Huig Hofman to A. Donk, 11 January 1941.
-
-
-
-
137
-
-
34347246914
-
-
AAADS, Huig Hofman to A. Donk, January 1940, 11 January 1941.
-
AAADS, Huig Hofman to A. Donk, January 1940, 11 January 1941.
-
-
-
|