메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 12, Issue 3-4, 2007, Pages 180-196

Active export proteins mediating drug resistance in staphylococci

Author keywords

Active transport; Drug efflux; Drug resistance; Multidrug resistance; Staphylococcus

Indexed keywords

ACRIFLAVINE; AMMONIUM DERIVATIVE; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; BACITRACIN; BENZALKONIUM; BIOCIDE; CETRIMIDE; CHLORAMPHENICOL; CIPROFLOXACIN; CLINDAMYCIN; DALFOPRISTIN; DEQUALINIUM; DOXORUBICIN; ENOXACIN; FLEROXACIN; FLORFENICOL; GENTAMICIN; GREPAFLOXACIN; IMIPENEM; LINCOMYCIN; MACROLIDE; MOXIFLOXACIN; NORFLOXACIN; OFLOXACIN; OXOLINIC ACID; PSEUDOMONIC ACID; QUINOLINE DERIVED ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; STREPTOGRAMIN; UNINDEXED DRUG;

EID: 34250797962     PISSN: 14641801     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000099640     Document Type: Conference Paper
Times cited : (46)

References (108)
  • 2
    • 0030002746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of genes encoding resistance to streptogramin A and related compounds among staphylococci resistant to these antibiotics
    • Allignet J, Aubert S, Morvan A, El Solh N: Distribution of genes encoding resistance to streptogramin A and related compounds among staphylococci resistant to these antibiotics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996;40:2523-2528.
    • (1996) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.40 , pp. 2523-2528
    • Allignet, J.1    Aubert, S.2    Morvan, A.3    El Solh, N.4
  • 3
    • 0026769984 scopus 로고
    • Sequence of a staphylococcal plasmid gene, vga, encoding a putative ATP-binding protein involved in resistance to virginiamycin A-like antibiotics
    • Allignet J, Loncle V, El Solh N: Sequence of a staphylococcal plasmid gene, vga, encoding a putative ATP-binding protein involved in resistance to virginiamycin A-like antibiotics. Gene 1992;117:45-51.
    • (1992) Gene , vol.117 , pp. 45-51
    • Allignet, J.1    Loncle, V.2    El Solh, N.3
  • 4
    • 33745614347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-level Staphylococcus aureus resistance to thrombin-induced platelet microbicidal protein-1 (tPMP-1) in vitro associated with qacA gene carriage is independent of multidrug efflux pump activity
    • Bayer AS, Kupferwasser LI, Brown MH, Skurray RA, Grkovic S, Jones T, Mukhopadhay K, Yeaman MR: Low-level Staphylococcus aureus resistance to thrombin-induced platelet microbicidal protein-1 (tPMP-1) in vitro associated with qacA gene carriage is independent of multidrug efflux pump activity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006;50:2448-2454.
    • (2006) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.50 , pp. 2448-2454
    • Bayer, A.S.1    Kupferwasser, L.I.2    Brown, M.H.3    Skurray, R.A.4    Grkovic, S.5    Jones, T.6    Mukhopadhay, K.7    Yeaman, M.R.8
  • 5
    • 0034128095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to thrombin-induced platelet microbicidal protein is associated with alterations in cytoplasmic membrane fluidity
    • Bayer AS, Prasad R, Chandra J, Koul A, Smriti M, Varma A, Skurray RA, Firth N, Brown MH, Koo SP, Yeaman MR: In vitro resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to thrombin-induced platelet microbicidal protein is associated with alterations in cytoplasmic membrane fluidity. Infect Immun 2000;68:3548-3553.
    • (2000) Infect Immun , vol.68 , pp. 3548-3553
    • Bayer, A.S.1    Prasad, R.2    Chandra, J.3    Koul, A.4    Smriti, M.5    Varma, A.6    Skurray, R.A.7    Firth, N.8    Brown, M.H.9    Koo, S.P.10    Yeaman, M.R.11
  • 6
    • 0141994736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel plasmid-borne gene qacJ mediates resistance to quaternary ammonium compounds in equine Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus simulans, and Staphylococcus intermedius
    • Bjorland J, Steinum T, Sunde M, Waage S, Heir E: Novel plasmid-borne gene qacJ mediates resistance to quaternary ammonium compounds in equine Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus simulans, and Staphylococcus intermedius. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003;47:3046-3052.
    • (2003) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.47 , pp. 3046-3052
    • Bjorland, J.1    Steinum, T.2    Sunde, M.3    Waage, S.4    Heir, E.5
  • 7
    • 0032949426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The multidrug efflux protein NorM is a prototype of a new family of transporters
    • Brown MH, Paulsen IT, Skurray RA: The multidrug efflux protein NorM is a prototype of a new family of transporters. Mol Microbiol 1999;31:394-396.
    • (1999) Mol Microbiol , vol.31 , pp. 394-396
    • Brown, M.H.1    Paulsen, I.T.2    Skurray, R.A.3
  • 10
    • 14744273035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular analysis of resistance to streptogramin A compounds conferred by the Vga proteins of staphylococci
    • Chesneau O, Ligeret H, Hosan-Aghaie N, Morvan A, Dassa E: Molecular analysis of resistance to streptogramin A compounds conferred by the Vga proteins of staphylococci. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005;49:973-980.
    • (2005) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.49 , pp. 973-980
    • Chesneau, O.1    Ligeret, H.2    Hosan-Aghaie, N.3    Morvan, A.4    Dassa, E.5
  • 11
    • 33748644877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure of a bacterial multidrug ABC transporter
    • Dawson RJ, Locher KP: Structure of a bacterial multidrug ABC transporter. Nature 2006;443:180-185.
    • (2006) Nature , vol.443 , pp. 180-185
    • Dawson, R.J.1    Locher, K.P.2
  • 12
    • 25444499137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of the GP dipeptide of the antiporter motif and other membrane-embedded proline and glycine residues in tetracycline efflux protein Tet(L)
    • De Jesus M, Jin J, Guffanti AA, Krulwich TA: Importance of the GP dipeptide of the antiporter motif and other membrane-embedded proline and glycine residues in tetracycline efflux protein Tet(L). Biochemistry 2005;44:12896-12904.
    • (2005) Biochemistry , vol.44 , pp. 12896-12904
    • De Jesus, M.1    Jin, J.2    Guffanti, A.A.3    Krulwich, T.A.4
  • 13
    • 0035873058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survey of infections due to Staphylococcus species: Frequency of occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates collected in the United States, Canada, Latin America, Europe, and the Western Pacific region for the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 1997-1999
    • Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA, Schmitz FJ, Smayevsky J, Bell J, Jones RN, Beach M: Survey of infections due to Staphylococcus species: frequency of occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates collected in the United States, Canada, Latin America, Europe, and the Western Pacific region for the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 1997-1999. Clin Infect Dis 2001;32(suppl 2):S114-S132.
    • (2001) Clin Infect Dis , vol.32 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Diekema, D.J.1    Pfaller, M.A.2    Schmitz, F.J.3    Smayevsky, J.4    Bell, J.5    Jones, R.N.6    Beach, M.7
  • 14
    • 0021689497 scopus 로고
    • Tetracycline resistance element of pBR322 mediates potassium transport
    • Dosch DC, Salvacion FF, Epstein W: Tetracycline resistance element of pBR322 mediates potassium transport. J Bacteriol 1984;160:1188-1190.
    • (1984) J Bacteriol , vol.160 , pp. 1188-1190
    • Dosch, D.C.1    Salvacion, F.F.2    Epstein, W.3
  • 15
    • 0027132575 scopus 로고
    • ABC transporters: Bacterial exporters
    • Fath MJ, Kolter R: ABC transporters: bacterial exporters. Microbiol Rev 1993;57:995-1017.
    • (1993) Microbiol Rev , vol.57 , pp. 995-1017
    • Fath, M.J.1    Kolter, R.2
  • 16
    • 34250854820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetics: Accessory elements and genetic exchange
    • Fischetti VA, Novick RP, Ferretti JJ, Portnoy DA, Rood JI eds, Washington, ASM Press
    • Firth N, Skurray RA: Genetics: accessory elements and genetic exchange;in Fischetti VA, Novick RP, Ferretti JJ, Portnoy DA, Rood JI (eds): Gram-Positive Pathogens. Washington, ASM Press, 2006, pp 413-426.
    • (2006) Gram-Positive Pathogens , pp. 413-426
    • Firth, N.1    Skurray, R.A.2
  • 17
    • 0033958456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of the multidrug resistance transporter NorA from Staphylococcus aureus is modified by a two-component regulatory system
    • Fournier B, Aras R, Hooper DC: Expression of the multidrug resistance transporter NorA from Staphylococcus aureus is modified by a two-component regulatory system. J Bacteriol 2000;182:664-671.
    • (2000) J Bacteriol , vol.182 , pp. 664-671
    • Fournier, B.1    Aras, R.2    Hooper, D.C.3
  • 18
    • 0034745164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mutation in the 5′ untranslated region increases stability of norA mRNA, encoding a multidrug resistance transporter of Staphylococcus aureus
    • Fournier B, Truong-Bolduc QC, Zhang X, Hooper DC: A mutation in the 5′ untranslated region increases stability of norA mRNA, encoding a multidrug resistance transporter of Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol 2001;183:2367-2371.
    • (2001) J Bacteriol , vol.183 , pp. 2367-2371
    • Fournier, B.1    Truong-Bolduc, Q.C.2    Zhang, X.3    Hooper, D.C.4
  • 22
    • 0036773078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staphylococcus aureus svrA: A gene required for virulence and expression of the agr locus
    • Garvis S, Mei JM, Ruiz-Albert J, Holden DW: Staphylococcus aureus svrA: a gene required for virulence and expression of the agr locus. Microbiology 2002;148:3235-3243.
    • (2002) Microbiology , vol.148 , pp. 3235-3243
    • Garvis, S.1    Mei, J.M.2    Ruiz-Albert, J.3    Holden, D.W.4
  • 23
    • 20144372744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gill SR, Fouts DE, Archer GL, Mongodin EF, Deboy RT, Ravel J, Paulsen IT, Kolonay JF, Brinkac L, Beanan M, Dodson RJ, Daugherty SC, Madupu R, Angiuoli SV, Durkin AS, Haft DH, Vamathevan J, Khouri H, Utterback T, Lee C, Dimitrov G, Jiang L, Qin H, Weidman J, Tran K, Kang K, Hance IR, Nelson KE, Fraser CM: Insights on evolution of virulence and resistance from the complete genome analysis of an early methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain and a biofilm-producing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strain. J Bacteriol 2005;187:2426-2438.
    • Gill SR, Fouts DE, Archer GL, Mongodin EF, Deboy RT, Ravel J, Paulsen IT, Kolonay JF, Brinkac L, Beanan M, Dodson RJ, Daugherty SC, Madupu R, Angiuoli SV, Durkin AS, Haft DH, Vamathevan J, Khouri H, Utterback T, Lee C, Dimitrov G, Jiang L, Qin H, Weidman J, Tran K, Kang K, Hance IR, Nelson KE, Fraser CM: Insights on evolution of virulence and resistance from the complete genome analysis of an early methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain and a biofilm-producing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strain. J Bacteriol 2005;187:2426-2438.
  • 25
    • 0034050363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + antiporter TetA(K): Mutagenesis and functional analysis
    • + antiporter TetA(K): mutagenesis and functional analysis. J Bacteriol 2000;182:1492-1498.
    • (2000) J Bacteriol , vol.182 , pp. 1492-1498
    • Ginn, S.L.1    Brown, M.H.2    Skurray, R.A.3
  • 26
    • 0027970086 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial multidrug resistance is due to a single membrane protein which functions as a drug pump
    • Grinius LL, Goldberg EB: Bacterial multidrug resistance is due to a single membrane protein which functions as a drug pump. J Biol Chem 1994;269:29998-30004.
    • (1994) J Biol Chem , vol.269 , pp. 29998-30004
    • Grinius, L.L.1    Goldberg, E.B.2
  • 27
    • 0032541162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • QacR is a repressor protein that regulates expression of the Staphylococcus aureus multidrug efflux pump QacA
    • Grkovic S, Brown MH, Roberts NJ, Paulsen IT, Skurray RA: QacR is a repressor protein that regulates expression of the Staphylococcus aureus multidrug efflux pump QacA. J Biol Chem 1998;273:18665-18673.
    • (1998) J Biol Chem , vol.273 , pp. 18665-18673
    • Grkovic, S.1    Brown, M.H.2    Roberts, N.J.3    Paulsen, I.T.4    Skurray, R.A.5
  • 28
    • 0035205399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The staphylococcal QacR multidrug regulator binds a correctly spaced operator as a pair of dimers
    • Grkovic S, Brown MH, Schumacher MA, Brennan RG, Skurray RA: The staphylococcal QacR multidrug regulator binds a correctly spaced operator as a pair of dimers. J Bacteriol 2001;183:7102-7109.
    • (2001) J Bacteriol , vol.183 , pp. 7102-7109
    • Grkovic, S.1    Brown, M.H.2    Schumacher, M.A.3    Brennan, R.G.4    Skurray, R.A.5
  • 29
    • 0347594185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions of the QacR multidrug-binding protein with structurally diverse ligands: Implications for the evolution of the binding pocket
    • Grkovic S, Hardie KM, Brown MH, Skurray RA: Interactions of the QacR multidrug-binding protein with structurally diverse ligands: implications for the evolution of the binding pocket. Biochemistry 2003;42:15226-15236.
    • (2003) Biochemistry , vol.42 , pp. 15226-15236
    • Grkovic, S.1    Hardie, K.M.2    Brown, M.H.3    Skurray, R.A.4
  • 30
    • 0027406172 scopus 로고
    • Expression of the tetK gene from Staphylococcus aureus in Escherichia coli: Comparison of substrate specificities of TetA(B), TetA(C), and TetK efflux proteins
    • Guay GG, Rothstein DM: Expression of the tetK gene from Staphylococcus aureus in Escherichia coli: Comparison of substrate specificities of TetA(B), TetA(C), and TetK efflux proteins. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1993;37:191-198.
    • (1993) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.37 , pp. 191-198
    • Guay, G.G.1    Rothstein, D.M.2
  • 31
    • 33748486707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional effects of intramembranous proline substitutions in the staphylococcal multidrug transporter QacA
    • Hassan KA, Galea M, Wu J, Mitchell BA, Skurray RA, Brown MH: Functional effects of intramembranous proline substitutions in the staphylococcal multidrug transporter QacA. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2006a;263:76-85.
    • (2006) FEMS Microbiol Lett , vol.263 , pp. 76-85
    • Hassan, K.A.1    Galea, M.2    Wu, J.3    Mitchell, B.A.4    Skurray, R.A.5    Brown, M.H.6
  • 32
    • 33845931882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycine-rich transmembrane helix 10 in the staphylococcal tetracycline transporter TetA(K) lines a solvent accessible channel
    • Hassan KA, Robinson KL, Smith AN, Gibson JH, Skurray RA, Brown MH: Glycine-rich transmembrane helix 10 in the staphylococcal tetracycline transporter TetA(K) lines a solvent accessible channel. Biochemistry 2006b;45:15661-15669.
    • (2006) Biochemistry , vol.45 , pp. 15661-15669
    • Hassan, K.A.1    Robinson, K.L.2    Smith, A.N.3    Gibson, J.H.4    Skurray, R.A.5    Brown, M.H.6
  • 33
    • 0032101923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Staphylococcus qacH gene product: A new member of the SMR family encoding multidrug resistance
    • Heir E, Sundheim G, Holck AL: The Staphylococcus qacH gene product: a new member of the SMR family encoding multidrug resistance. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1998;163:49-56.
    • (1998) FEMS Microbiol Lett , vol.163 , pp. 49-56
    • Heir, E.1    Sundheim, G.2    Holck, A.L.3
  • 34
    • 0033001706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The qacG gene on plasmid pST94 confers resistance to quaternary ammonium compounds in staphylococci isolated from the food industry
    • Heir E, Sundheim G, Holck AL: The qacG gene on plasmid pST94 confers resistance to quaternary ammonium compounds in staphylococci isolated from the food industry. J Bacteriol 1999a;86:378-388.
    • (1999) J Bacteriol , vol.86 , pp. 378-388
    • Heir, E.1    Sundheim, G.2    Holck, A.L.3
  • 35
    • 0033150610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and characterization of quaternary ammonium compound resistant staphylococci from the food industry
    • Heir E, Sundheim G, Holck AL: Identification and characterization of quaternary ammonium compound resistant staphylococci from the food industry. Int J Food Microbiol 1999b;48:211-219.
    • (1999) Int J Food Microbiol , vol.48 , pp. 211-219
    • Heir, E.1    Sundheim, G.2    Holck, A.L.3
  • 37
    • 2542444502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of efflux transporter genes on susceptibility of Escherichia coli to tigecycline (GAR-936)
    • Hirata T, Saito A, Nishino K, Tamura N, Yamaguchi A: Effects of efflux transporter genes on susceptibility of Escherichia coli to tigecycline (GAR-936). Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004;48:2179-2184.
    • (2004) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.48 , pp. 2179-2184
    • Hirata, T.1    Saito, A.2    Nishino, K.3    Tamura, N.4    Yamaguchi, A.5
  • 38
    • 0041489951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure and mechanism of the glycerol-3-phosphate transporter from Escherichia coli
    • Huang Y, Lemieux MJ, Song J, Auer M, Wang DN: Structure and mechanism of the glycerol-3-phosphate transporter from Escherichia coli. Science 2003;301:616-620.
    • (2003) Science , vol.301 , pp. 616-620
    • Huang, Y.1    Lemieux, M.J.2    Song, J.3    Auer, M.4    Wang, D.N.5
  • 41
    • 0034824349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The drug/metabolite transporter superfamily
    • Jack DL, Yang NM, Saier MH Jr: The drug/metabolite transporter superfamily. Eur J Biochem 2001;268:3620-3639.
    • (2001) Eur J Biochem , vol.268 , pp. 3620-3639
    • Jack, D.L.1    Yang, N.M.2    Saier Jr, M.H.3
  • 42
    • 0036716735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + antiporters: Characterization of multiple catalytic modes and a mutagenesis approach to differences in their efflux substrate and coupling ion preferences
    • + antiporters: characterization of multiple catalytic modes and a mutagenesis approach to differences in their efflux substrate and coupling ion preferences. J Bacteriol 2002;184:4722-4732.
    • (2002) J Bacteriol , vol.184 , pp. 4722-4732
    • Jin, J.1    Guffanti, A.A.2    Bechhofer, D.H.3    Krulwich, T.A.4
  • 43
    • 0035091616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twelve-transmembrane-segment (TMS) version (ΔTMS VII-VIII) of the 14-TMS Tet(L) antibiotic resistance protein retains monovalent cation transport modes but lacks tetracycline efflux capacity
    • Jin J, Guffanti AA, Beck C, Krulwich TA: Twelve-transmembrane-segment (TMS) version (ΔTMS VII-VIII) of the 14-TMS Tet(L) antibiotic resistance protein retains monovalent cation transport modes but lacks tetracycline efflux capacity. J Bacteriol 2001;183:2667-2671.
    • (2001) J Bacteriol , vol.183 , pp. 2667-2671
    • Jin, J.1    Guffanti, A.A.2    Beck, C.3    Krulwich, T.A.4
  • 44
    • 15744392285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial efflux pump inhibition
    • Kaatz GW: Bacterial efflux pump inhibition. Curr Opin Investig Drugs 2005;6:191-198.
    • (2005) Curr Opin Investig Drugs , vol.6 , pp. 191-198
    • Kaatz, G.W.1
  • 45
    • 33645756567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MepR, a repressor of the Staphylococcus aureus MATE family multidrug efflux pump MepA, is a substrate-responsive regulatory protein
    • Kaatz GW, DeMarco CE, Seo SM: MepR, a repressor of the Staphylococcus aureus MATE family multidrug efflux pump MepA, is a substrate-responsive regulatory protein. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006;50:1276-1281.
    • (2006) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.50 , pp. 1276-1281
    • Kaatz, G.W.1    DeMarco, C.E.2    Seo, S.M.3
  • 46
    • 18244388696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multidrug resistance in Staphylococcus aureus due to overexpression of a novel multidrug and toxin extrusion (MATE) transport protein
    • Kaatz GW, McAleese F, Seo SM: Multidrug resistance in Staphylococcus aureus due to overexpression of a novel multidrug and toxin extrusion (MATE) transport protein. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005a;49:1857-1864.
    • (2005) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.49 , pp. 1857-1864
    • Kaatz, G.W.1    McAleese, F.2    Seo, S.M.3
  • 47
    • 4444327371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of substrate exposure and other growth condition manipulations on norA expression
    • Kaatz GW, Seo SM: Effect of substrate exposure and other growth condition manipulations on norA expression. J Antimicrob Chemother 2004;54:364-369.
    • (2004) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.54 , pp. 364-369
    • Kaatz, G.W.1    Seo, S.M.2
  • 48
    • 0027270540 scopus 로고
    • Efflux-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
    • Kaatz GW, Seo SM, Ruble CA: Efflux-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1993;37:1086-1094.
    • (1993) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.37 , pp. 1086-1094
    • Kaatz, G.W.1    Seo, S.M.2    Ruble, C.A.3
  • 49
    • 11244324384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of promoter region mutations and mgrA overexpression on transcription of norA, which encodes a Staphylococcus aureus multidrug efflux transporter
    • Kaatz GW, Thyagarajan RV, Seo SM: Effect of promoter region mutations and mgrA overexpression on transcription of norA, which encodes a Staphylococcus aureus multidrug efflux transporter. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005b;49:161-169.
    • (2005) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.49 , pp. 161-169
    • Kaatz, G.W.1    Thyagarajan, R.V.2    Seo, S.M.3
  • 50
    • 0032460882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of the antiseptic-resistance gene qacEΔ1 in Gram-positive bacteria
    • Kazama H, Hamashima H, Sasatsu M, Arai T: Distribution of the antiseptic-resistance gene qacEΔ1 in Gram-positive bacteria. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1998;165:295-299.
    • (1998) FEMS Microbiol Lett , vol.165 , pp. 295-299
    • Kazama, H.1    Hamashima, H.2    Sasatsu, M.3    Arai, T.4
  • 51
    • 8844239120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nucleotide sequence and organization of the multiresistance plasmid pSCFS1 from Staphylococcus sciuri
    • Kehrenberg C, Ojo KK, Schwarz S: Nucleotide sequence and organization of the multiresistance plasmid pSCFS1 from Staphylococcus sciuri. J Antimicrob Chemother 2004;54:936-939.
    • (2004) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.54 , pp. 936-939
    • Kehrenberg, C.1    Ojo, K.K.2    Schwarz, S.3
  • 52
    • 0942301295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • fexA, a novel Staphylococcus lentus gene encoding resistance to florfenicol and chloramphenicol
    • Kehrenberg C, Schwarz S: fexA, a novel Staphylococcus lentus gene encoding resistance to florfenicol and chloramphenicol. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004;48:615-618.
    • (2004) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.48 , pp. 615-618
    • Kehrenberg, C.1    Schwarz, S.2
  • 53
    • 33645761164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of florfenicol resistance genes fexA and cfr among chloramphenicol-resistant Staphylococcus isolates
    • Kehrenberg C, Schwarz S: Distribution of florfenicol resistance genes fexA and cfr among chloramphenicol-resistant Staphylococcus isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006;50:1156-1163.
    • (2006) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.50 , pp. 1156-1163
    • Kehrenberg, C.1    Schwarz, S.2
  • 54
    • 0021018278 scopus 로고
    • Complete nucleotide sequence of pT181, a tetracycline-resistance plasmid from Staphylococcus aureus
    • Khan SA, Novick RP: Complete nucleotide sequence of pT181, a tetracycline-resistance plasmid from Staphylococcus aureus. Plasmid 1983;10:251-259.
    • (1983) Plasmid , vol.10 , pp. 251-259
    • Khan, S.A.1    Novick, R.P.2
  • 55
    • 21344436181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do physiological roles foster persistence of drug/multidrug-efflux transporters? A case study
    • Krulwich TA, Lewinson O, Padan E, Bibi E: Do physiological roles foster persistence of drug/multidrug-efflux transporters? A case study. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2005;3:566-572.
    • (2005) Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol , vol.3 , pp. 566-572
    • Krulwich, T.A.1    Lewinson, O.2    Padan, E.3    Bibi, E.4
  • 56
  • 58
    • 0029118321 scopus 로고
    • Multidrug resistance plasmid pSK108 from coagulase-negative staphylococci; relationships to Staphylococcus aureus qacC plasmids
    • Leelaporn A, Firth N, Paulsen IT, Hettiaratchi A, Skurray RA: Multidrug resistance plasmid pSK108 from coagulase-negative staphylococci; relationships to Staphylococcus aureus qacC plasmids. Plasmid 1995;34:62-67.
    • (1995) Plasmid , vol.34 , pp. 62-67
    • Leelaporn, A.1    Firth, N.2    Paulsen, I.T.3    Hettiaratchi, A.4    Skurray, R.A.5
  • 60
    • 0025731481 scopus 로고
    • Structure and evolution of a family of genes encoding antiseptic and disinfectant resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
    • Littlejohn TG, DiBerardino D, Messerotti LJ, Spiers SJ, Skurray RA: Structure and evolution of a family of genes encoding antiseptic and disinfectant resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Gene 1991;101:59-66.
    • (1991) Gene , vol.101 , pp. 59-66
    • Littlejohn, T.G.1    DiBerardino, D.2    Messerotti, L.J.3    Spiers, S.J.4    Skurray, R.A.5
  • 62
    • 33644755944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcription profiling of the mgrA regulon in Staphylococcus aureus
    • Luong TT, Dunman PM, Murphy E, Projan SJ, Lee CY: Transcription profiling of the mgrA regulon in Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol 2006;188:1899-1910.
    • (2006) J Bacteriol , vol.188 , pp. 1899-1910
    • Luong, T.T.1    Dunman, P.M.2    Murphy, E.3    Projan, S.J.4    Lee, C.Y.5
  • 63
    • 0029973621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of the multidrug transporter NorA prevents emergence of norfloxacin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
    • Markham PN, Neyfakh AA: Inhibition of the multidrug transporter NorA prevents emergence of norfloxacin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996;40:2673-2674.
    • (1996) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.40 , pp. 2673-2674
    • Markham, P.N.1    Neyfakh, A.A.2
  • 64
    • 0034982853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of the antiseptic resistance genes qacA, qacB and qacC in 497 methicillin-resistant and -susceptible European isolates of Staphylococcus aureus
    • Mayer S, Boos M, Beyer A, Fluit AC, Schmitz FJ: Distribution of the antiseptic resistance genes qacA, qacB and qacC in 497 methicillin-resistant and -susceptible European isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. J Antimicrob Chemother 2001;47:896-897.
    • (2001) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.47 , pp. 896-897
    • Mayer, S.1    Boos, M.2    Beyer, A.3    Fluit, A.C.4    Schmitz, F.J.5
  • 65
    • 18244403495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel MATE family efflux pump contributes to the reduced susceptibility of laboratory-derived Staphylococcus aureus mutants to tigecycline
    • McAleese F, Petersen P, Ruzin A, Dunman PM, Murphy E, Projan SJ, Bradford PA: A novel MATE family efflux pump contributes to the reduced susceptibility of laboratory-derived Staphylococcus aureus mutants to tigecycline. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005;49:1865-1871.
    • (2005) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.49 , pp. 1865-1871
    • McAleese, F.1    Petersen, P.2    Ruzin, A.3    Dunman, P.M.4    Murphy, E.5    Projan, S.J.6    Bradford, P.A.7
  • 66
    • 0029115380 scopus 로고
    • Nucleotide sequence of the lantibiotic Pep5 biosynthetic gene cluster and functional analysis of PepP and PepC. Evidence for a role of PepC in thioether formation
    • Meyer C, Bierbaum G, Heidrich C, Reis M, Suling J, Iglesias-Wind MI, Kempter C, Molitor E, Sahl HG: Nucleotide sequence of the lantibiotic Pep5 biosynthetic gene cluster and functional analysis of PepP and PepC. Evidence for a role of PepC in thioether formation. Eur J Biochem 1995;232:478-489.
    • (1995) Eur J Biochem , vol.232 , pp. 478-489
    • Meyer, C.1    Bierbaum, G.2    Heidrich, C.3    Reis, M.4    Suling, J.5    Iglesias-Wind, M.I.6    Kempter, C.7    Molitor, E.8    Sahl, H.G.9
  • 67
    • 0031938067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • QacA multidrug efflux pump from Staphylococcus aureus: Comparative analysis of resistance to diamidines, biguanidines and guanylhydrazones
    • Mitchell BA, Brown MH, Skurray RA: QacA multidrug efflux pump from Staphylococcus aureus: comparative analysis of resistance to diamidines, biguanidines and guanylhydrazones. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998;42:475-477.
    • (1998) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.42 , pp. 475-477
    • Mitchell, B.A.1    Brown, M.H.2    Skurray, R.A.3
  • 68
    • 0033524927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioenergetics of the staphylococcal multidrug export protein QacA: Identification of distinct binding sites for monovalent and divalent cations
    • Mitchell BA, Paulsen IT, Brown MH, Skurray RA: Bioenergetics of the staphylococcal multidrug export protein QacA: identification of distinct binding sites for monovalent and divalent cations. J Biol Chem 1999;274:3541-3548.
    • (1999) J Biol Chem , vol.274 , pp. 3541-3548
    • Mitchell, B.A.1    Paulsen, I.T.2    Brown, M.H.3    Skurray, R.A.4
  • 69
    • 1842740025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystal structures of QacR-diamidine complexes reveal additional multidrug-binding modes and a novel mechanism of drug charge neutralization
    • Murray DS, Schumacher MA, Brennan RG: Crystal structures of QacR-diamidine complexes reveal additional multidrug-binding modes and a novel mechanism of drug charge neutralization. J Biol Chem 2004;279:14365-14371.
    • (2004) J Biol Chem , vol.279 , pp. 14365-14371
    • Murray, D.S.1    Schumacher, M.A.2    Brennan, R.G.3
  • 70
    • 1842856054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloning and characterization of a novel chromosomal drug efflux gene in Staphylococcus aureus
    • Narui K, Noguchi N, Wakasugi K, Sasatsu M: Cloning and characterization of a novel chromosomal drug efflux gene in Staphylococcus aureus. Biol Pharm Bull 2002;25:1533-1536.
    • (2002) Biol Pharm Bull , vol.25 , pp. 1533-1536
    • Narui, K.1    Noguchi, N.2    Wakasugi, K.3    Sasatsu, M.4
  • 71
    • 0027514765 scopus 로고
    • Fluoroquinolone resistance protein NorA of Staphylococcus aureus is a multidrug efflux transporter
    • Neyfakh AA, Borsch CM, Kaatz GW: Fluoroquinolone resistance protein NorA of Staphylococcus aureus is a multidrug efflux transporter. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1993;37:128-129.
    • (1993) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.37 , pp. 128-129
    • Neyfakh, A.A.1    Borsch, C.M.2    Kaatz, G.W.3
  • 72
    • 0028217509 scopus 로고
    • Quinolone resistance mediated by norA: Physiologic characterization and relationship to flqB, a quinolone resistance locus on the Staphylococcus aureus chromosome
    • Ng EY, Trucksis M, Hooper DC: Quinolone resistance mediated by norA: physiologic characterization and relationship to flqB, a quinolone resistance locus on the Staphylococcus aureus chromosome. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1994;38:1345-1355.
    • (1994) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.38 , pp. 1345-1355
    • EY, N.1    Trucksis, M.2    Hooper, D.C.3
  • 73
    • 0033004081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiseptic susceptibility and distribution of antiseptic-resistance genes in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
    • Noguchi N, Hase M, Kitta M, Sasatsu M, Deguchi K, Kono M: Antiseptic susceptibility and distribution of antiseptic-resistance genes in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1999;172:247-253.
    • (1999) FEMS Microbiol Lett , vol.172 , pp. 247-253
    • Noguchi, N.1    Hase, M.2    Kitta, M.3    Sasatsu, M.4    Deguchi, K.5    Kono, M.6
  • 74
    • 20344407044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Susceptibilities to antiseptic agents and distribution of antiseptic-resistance genes qacA/B and smr of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated in Asia during 1998 and 1999
    • Noguchi N, Suwa J, Narui K, Sasatsu M, Ito T, Hiramatsu K, Song JH: Susceptibilities to antiseptic agents and distribution of antiseptic-resistance genes qacA/B and smr of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated in Asia during 1998 and 1999. J Med Micro 2005;54:557-565.
    • (2005) J Med Micro , vol.54 , pp. 557-565
    • Noguchi, N.1    Suwa, J.2    Narui, K.3    Sasatsu, M.4    Ito, T.5    Hiramatsu, K.6    Song, J.H.7
  • 76
    • 0029034869 scopus 로고
    • Molecular characterization of the staphylococcal multidrug resistance export protein QacC
    • Paulsen IT, Brown MH, Dunstan SJ, Skurray RA: Molecular characterization of the staphylococcal multidrug resistance export protein QacC. J Bacteriol 1995;177:2827-2833.
    • (1995) J Bacteriol , vol.177 , pp. 2827-2833
    • Paulsen, I.T.1    Brown, M.H.2    Dunstan, S.J.3    Skurray, R.A.4
  • 77
    • 0029872148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multidrug resistance proteins QacA and QacB from Staphylococcus aureus: Membrane topology and identification of residues involved in substrate specificity
    • Paulsen IT, Brown MH, Littlejohn TG, Mitchell BA, Skurray RA: Multidrug resistance proteins QacA and QacB from Staphylococcus aureus: membrane topology and identification of residues involved in substrate specificity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996a;93:3630-3635.
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.93 , pp. 3630-3635
    • Paulsen, I.T.1    Brown, M.H.2    Littlejohn, T.G.3    Mitchell, B.A.4    Skurray, R.A.5
  • 80
    • 29444443945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance to telithromycin is conferred by msr (A), msrC and msr (D) in Staphylococcus aureus
    • Reynolds ED, Cove JH: Resistance to telithromycin is conferred by msr (A), msrC and msr (D) in Staphylococcus aureus. J Antimicrob Chemother 2005;56:1179-1180.
    • (2005) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.56 , pp. 1179-1180
    • Reynolds, E.D.1    Cove, J.H.2
  • 81
    • 0042835378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Msr (A) and related macrolide/streptogramin resistance determinants: Incomplete transporters?
    • Reynolds E, Ross JI, Cove JH: Msr (A) and related macrolide/streptogramin resistance determinants: incomplete transporters? Int J Antimicrob Agents 2003;22:228-236.
    • (2003) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.22 , pp. 228-236
    • Reynolds, E.1    Ross, J.I.2    Cove, J.H.3
  • 83
    • 34250837818 scopus 로고
    • Expression and functional studies of MRSA, an ABC transporter mediating antibiotic resistance in staphylococci;in Mollby R
    • Flock JI, Nord CE, Christensson B eds, Stockholm, June, Stuttgart, Gustav Fisher
    • Ross JI, Eady EA, Cove JH, Cunliffe WJ: Expression and functional studies of MRSA, an ABC transporter mediating antibiotic resistance in staphylococci;in Mollby R, Flock JI, Nord CE, Christensson B (eds): Staphylococci and Staphylococcal Infections, Proc 7th Int Symp, Stockholm, June, 1992. Stuttgart, Gustav Fisher, 1992, pp 179-181.
    • (1992) Staphylococci and Staphylococcal Infections, Proc 7th Int Symp , pp. 179-181
    • Ross, J.I.1    Eady, E.A.2    Cove, J.H.3    Cunliffe, W.J.4
  • 84
    • 0024791758 scopus 로고
    • Characterisation and molecular cloning of the novel macrolide-streptogramin B resistance determinant from Staphylococcus epidermidis
    • Ross JI, Farrell AM, Eady EA, Cove JH, Cunliffe WJ: Characterisation and molecular cloning of the novel macrolide-streptogramin B resistance determinant from Staphylococcus epidermidis. J Antimicrob Chemother 1989;24:851-862.
    • (1989) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.24 , pp. 851-862
    • Ross, J.I.1    Farrell, A.M.2    Eady, E.A.3    Cove, J.H.4    Cunliffe, W.J.5
  • 85
    • 10344220028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EmrE, a multidrug transporter from Escherichia coli, transports monovalent and divalent substrates with the same stoichiometry
    • Rotem D, Schuldiner S: EmrE, a multidrug transporter from Escherichia coli, transports monovalent and divalent substrates with the same stoichiometry. J Biol Chem 2004;279:48787-48793.
    • (2004) J Biol Chem , vol.279 , pp. 48787-48793
    • Rotem, D.1    Schuldiner, S.2
  • 86
    • 0025695158 scopus 로고
    • Efflux-mediated antiseptic resistance gene qacA from Staphylococcus aureus: Common ancestry with tetracycline- and sugar-transport proteins
    • Rouch DA, Cram DS, DiBerardino D, Littlejohn TG, Skurray RA: Efflux-mediated antiseptic resistance gene qacA from Staphylococcus aureus: common ancestry with tetracycline- and sugar-transport proteins. Mol Microbiol 1990;4:2051-2062.
    • (1990) Mol Microbiol , vol.4 , pp. 2051-2062
    • Rouch, D.A.1    Cram, D.S.2    DiBerardino, D.3    Littlejohn, T.G.4    Skurray, R.A.5
  • 87
    • 0037783318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracing pathways of transport protein evolution
    • Saier MH Jr: Tracing pathways of transport protein evolution. Mol Microbiol 2003;48:1145-1156.
    • (2003) Mol Microbiol , vol.48 , pp. 1145-1156
    • Saier Jr, M.H.1
  • 89
    • 0035131773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance to tetracycline and distribution of tetracycline resistance genes in European Staphylococcus aureus isolates
    • Schmitz FJ, Krey A, Sadurski R, Verhoef J, Milatovic D, Fluit AC: Resistance to tetracycline and distribution of tetracycline resistance genes in European Staphylococcus aureus isolates. J Antimicrob Chemother 2001;47:239-240.
    • (2001) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.47 , pp. 239-240
    • Schmitz, F.J.1    Krey, A.2    Sadurski, R.3    Verhoef, J.4    Milatovic, D.5    Fluit, A.C.6
  • 91
    • 0026562418 scopus 로고
    • Nucleotide sequence and phylogeny of the tet (L) tetracycline resistance determinant encoded by plasmid pSTE1 from Staphylococcus hyicus
    • Schwarz S, Cardoso M, Wegener HC: Nucleotide sequence and phylogeny of the tet (L) tetracycline resistance determinant encoded by plasmid pSTE1 from Staphylococcus hyicus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1992;36:580-588.
    • (1992) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.36 , pp. 580-588
    • Schwarz, S.1    Cardoso, M.2    Wegener, H.C.3
  • 94
    • 0021997112 scopus 로고
    • Cloning and expression of Staphylococcus aureus plasmid-mediated quaternary ammonium resistance in Escherichia coli
    • Tennent JM, Lyon BR, Gillespie MT, May JW, Skurray RA: Cloning and expression of Staphylococcus aureus plasmid-mediated quaternary ammonium resistance in Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1985;27:79-83.
    • (1985) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.27 , pp. 79-83
    • Tennent, J.M.1    Lyon, B.R.2    Gillespie, M.T.3    May, J.W.4    Skurray, R.A.5
  • 97
    • 0038643232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of NorR protein, a multifunctional regulator of norA expression in Staphylococcus aureus
    • Truong-Bolduc QC, Zhang X, Hooper DC: Characterization of NorR protein, a multifunctional regulator of norA expression in Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol 2003;185:3127-3138.
    • (2003) J Bacteriol , vol.185 , pp. 3127-3138
    • Truong-Bolduc, Q.C.1    Zhang, X.2    Hooper, D.C.3
  • 98
    • 0024435169 scopus 로고
    • Cloning and expression of the norA gene for fluoroquinolone resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
    • Ubukata K, Itoh-Yamashita N, Konno M: Cloning and expression of the norA gene for fluoroquinolone resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1989;33:1535-1539.
    • (1989) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.33 , pp. 1535-1539
    • Ubukata, K.1    Itoh-Yamashita, N.2    Konno, M.3
  • 101
    • 33644861768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of transmembrane segment 10 in efflux mediated by the staphylococcal multidrug transport protein QacA
    • Xu Z, O'Rourke BA, Skurray RA, Brown MH: Role of transmembrane segment 10 in efflux mediated by the staphylococcal multidrug transport protein QacA. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:792-799.
    • (2006) J Biol Chem , vol.281 , pp. 792-799
    • Xu, Z.1    O'Rourke, B.A.2    Skurray, R.A.3    Brown, M.H.4
  • 102
    • 33645228510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene cloning and characterization of SdrM, a chromosomally-encoded multidrug efflux pump, from Staphylococcus aureus
    • Yamada Y, Hideka K, Shiota S, Kuroda T, Tsuchiya T: Gene cloning and characterization of SdrM, a chromosomally-encoded multidrug efflux pump, from Staphylococcus aureus. Biol Pharm Bull 2006a;29:554-556.
    • (2006) Biol Pharm Bull , vol.29 , pp. 554-556
    • Yamada, Y.1    Hideka, K.2    Shiota, S.3    Kuroda, T.4    Tsuchiya, T.5
  • 103
    • 33645539819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional gene cloning and characterization of MdeA, a multidrug efflux pump from Staphylococcus aureus
    • Yamada Y, Shiota S, Mizushima T, Kuroda T, Tsuchiya T: Functional gene cloning and characterization of MdeA, a multidrug efflux pump from Staphylococcus aureus. Biol Pharm Bull 2006b;29:801-804.
    • (2006) Biol Pharm Bull , vol.29 , pp. 801-804
    • Yamada, Y.1    Shiota, S.2    Mizushima, T.3    Kuroda, T.4    Tsuchiya, T.5
  • 105
    • 0034610304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + and substrate fluxes based on 'Time-Sharing' of a common binding site
    • + and substrate fluxes based on 'Time-Sharing' of a common binding site. Biochemistry 2000;39:14711-14719.
    • (2000) Biochemistry , vol.39 , pp. 14711-14719
    • Yerushalmi, H.1    Schuldiner, S.2
  • 106
    • 33646445156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure of the multidrug transporter EmrD from Escherichia coli
    • Yin Y, He X, Szewczyk P, Nguyen T, Chang G: Structure of the multidrug transporter EmrD from Escherichia coli. Science 2006; 312:741-744.
    • (2006) Science , vol.312 , pp. 741-744
    • Yin, Y.1    He, X.2    Szewczyk, P.3    Nguyen, T.4    Chang, G.5
  • 107
    • 0025688065 scopus 로고
    • Nucleotide sequence and characterization of the Staphylococcus aureus norA gene, which confers resistance to quinolones
    • Yoshida H, Bogaki M, Nakamura S, Ubukata K, Konno M: Nucleotide sequence and characterization of the Staphylococcus aureus norA gene, which confers resistance to quinolones. J Bacteriol 1990;172:6942-6949.
    • (1990) J Bacteriol , vol.172 , pp. 6942-6949
    • Yoshida, H.1    Bogaki, M.2    Nakamura, S.3    Ubukata, K.4    Konno, M.5
  • 108
    • 0036175888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NorA functions as a multidrug efflux protein in both cytoplasmic membrane vesicles and reconstituted proteoliposomes
    • Yu JL, Grinius L, Hooper DC: NorA functions as a multidrug efflux protein in both cytoplasmic membrane vesicles and reconstituted proteoliposomes. J Bacteriol 2002;184:1370-1377.
    • (2002) J Bacteriol , vol.184 , pp. 1370-1377
    • Yu, J.L.1    Grinius, L.2    Hooper, D.C.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.