Use of stents in benign and malignant esophageal disease

Reviews in Gastroenterological Disorders

Volumn 7, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 74-88

  Papachristou, Georgios I ^a   Baron, Todd H ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

Author keywords

Esophageal disease; Fistula, esophageal; Gastroesophageal junction; Malignant dysphagia; Perforation, esophageal; Stents, self expandable; Stricture, cervical

Indexed keywords

ANASTOMOSIS; DRUG ELUTING STENT; DYSPHAGIA; ESOPHAGUS STRICTURE; HUMAN; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; PALLIATIVE THERAPY; PERFORATION; RECURRENT DISEASE; REVIEW; STENT; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TREATMENT INDICATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TUMOR GROWTH;

CHEMOTHERAPY, ADJUVANT; DEGLUTITION DISORDERS; ESOPHAGEAL DISEASES; ESOPHAGOGASTRIC JUNCTION; HUMANS; PALLIATIVE CARE; PROSTHESIS DESIGN; RADIOTHERAPY, ADJUVANT; STENTS;

EID: 34250794997     PISSN: 1533001X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (78)

1. Siersema PD, Marcon N, Vakil N. Metal stents for tumors of the distal esophagus and gastric cardia. Endoscopy. 2003;35:79-85.
2. Parkin DM, Bray FI, Devesa SS. Cancer burden in the year 2000. The global picture. Eur J Cancer. 2001;37:4-66.
3. Pisani P, Parkin DM, Bray F, et al. Estimates of the worldwide mortality from 25 cancers in 1990. Int J Cancer. 1999;83:18-29.
4. Knyrim K, Wagner HJ, Bethge N, et al. A controlled trial of an expansile metal stent for palliation of esophageal obstruction due to inoperable cancer. N Engl J Med. 1993;329:1302-1307.
5. Roseveare CD, Patel P, Simmonds N, et al. Metal stents improve dysphagia, nutrition and survival in malignant oesophageal stenosis: a randomized controlled trial comparing modified Gianturco Z-stents with plastic Atkinson tubes. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1998;10:653-657.
6. Kozarek RA, Ball TJ, Brandabur JJ, et al. Expandable versus conventional esophageal prostheses: easier insertion may not preclude subsequent stent-related problems. Gastrointest Endosc. 1996;43:204-208.
7. Eickhoff A, Knoll M, Jakobs R, et al. Self-expanding metal stents versus plastic prostheses in the palliation of malignant dysphagia: long-term outcome of 153 consecutive patients. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2005;39:877-885.
8. Vakil N, Morris AI, Marcon N, et al. A prospective, randomized, controlled trial of covered expandable metal stents in the palliation of malignant esophageal obstruction at the gastroesophageal junction. Am J Gastroenterol. 2001; 96:1791-1796.
9. Saranovic Dj, Djuric-Stefanovic A, Ivanovic A, et al. Fluoroscopically guided insertion of self-expandable metal esophageal stents for palliative treatment of patients with malignant stenosis of esophagus and cardia: Comparison of uncovered and covered stent types. Dis Esophagus. 2005; 18:230-238.
10. Ross WA, Alkassab F, Lynch PM, et al. Evolving role of self-expanding metal stents in the treatment of malignant dysphagia and fistulas. Gastrointest Endosc. 2007;65:70-76.
11. Siersema PD. New developments in palliative therapy. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2006;20:959-978.
12. May A, Hahn EG, Ell C. Self-expanding metal stents for palliation of malignant obstruction in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Comparative assessment of three stent types implemented in 96 implantations. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1996;22: 261-266.
13. Schmassmann A, Meyenberger C, Knuchel J, et al. Self-expanding metal stents in malignant esophageal obstruction: a comparison between two stent types. Am J Gastroenterol. 1997;92: 400-406.
14. Siersema PD, Hop WC, van Blankenstein M, et al. A comparison of 3 types of covered metal stents for the palliation of patients with dysphagia caused by esophagogastric carcinoma: a prospective, randomized study. Gastrointest Endosc. 2001;54:145-153.
15. Sabharwal T, Hamady MS, Chui S, et al. A randomized prospective comparison of the Flamingo Wallstent and Ultraflex stent for palliation of dysphagia associated with lower third oesophageal carcinoma. Gut. 2003;52:922-926.
16. Verschuur EM, Homs MY, Steyerberg EW, et al. A new esophageal stent design (Niti-S stent) for the prevention of migration: A prospective study in 42 patients. Gastrointest Endosc. 2006;63: 134-140.
17. Baron TH. A practical guide for choosing an expandable metal stent for GI malignancies: is a stent by any other name still a stent? Gastrointest Endosc. 2001;54:269-272.
18. Rathore OI, Coss A, Patchett SE, et al. Direct-vision stenting: the way forward for malignant oesophageal obstruction. Endoscopy. 2006;38: 382-384.
19. Martin DF. Endoscopy is superfluous during insertion of expandable metal stents in esophageal tumors. Gastrointest Endosc. 1997;46:98-99.
20. Austin A, Khan Z, Cole AT, et al. Placement of self-expanding metallic stents without fluoroscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2001;54:157-159.
21. Baron TH. Minimizing endoscopic complications: endoluminal stents. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2007;17:83-104.
22. Baron TH. Expandable metal stents for the treatment of cancerous obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:1681-1687.
23. Rollhauser C, Fleischer DE. Late migration of a self-expanding metal stent and successful endoscopic management. Gastrointest Endosc. 1999; 49:541-544.
24. Mayoral W, Fleischer D, Calcedo J, et al. Nonmalignant obstruction is a common problem with metal stents in the treatment of esophageal cancer. Gastrointest Endosc. 2000;51:556-559.
25. Spinelli P, Cerrai FG, Ciuffi M, et al. Endoscopic stent placement for cancer of the lower esophagus and gastric cardia. Gastrointest Endosc. 1994;40:455-457.
26. Verschuur EM, Steyerberg EW, Kuipers EJ, et al. Effect of stent size on complications and recurrent dysphagia in patients with esophageal or gastric cardia cancer. Gastrointest Endosc. 2007;65:592-601.
27. Dua KS, Kozarek R, Kim J, et al. Self-expanding metal esophageal stent with anti-reftux mechanism. Gastrointest Endosc. 2001:53;603-613.
28. Laasch HU, Marriott A, Wilbraham L, et al. Effectiveness of open versus antireflux stents for palliation of distal esophageal carcinoma and prevention of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux. Radiology. 2002;225:359-365.
29. Do YS, Choo SW, Suh SW, et al. Malignant esophagogastric junction obstruction: palliative treatment with an antireflux valve stent. J Vasc Intent Radiol. 2001;12:647-651.
30. Homs MY, Wahab PJ, Kuipers EJ, et al. Esophageal stents with antireflux valve for tumors of the distal esophagus and gastric cardia: a randomized trial. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004; 60:695-702.
31. Wenger U, Johnsson E, Arnelo U, et al. An antireflux stent versus conventional stents for palliation of distal esophageal or cardia cancer: a randomized clinical study. Surg Endosc. 2006; 20:1675-1680.
32. Schoppmeyer K, Golsong J, Schiefke I, et al. Antireflux stents for palliation of malignant esophagocardial stenosis. Dis Esophagus. 2007; 20:89-93.
33. Shim CS, Jung IS, Cheon YK, et al. Management of malignant stricture of the esophagogastric junction with a newly designed self-expanding metal stent with an antireflux mechanism. Endoscopy. 2005;37:335-339.
34. Kinsman KJ, DeGregorio BT, Katon RM, et al. Prior radiation and chemotherapy increase the risk of life-threatening complications after insertion of metallic stents for esophagogastric malignancy. Gastrointest Endosc. 1996;43:196-203.
35. Siersema PD, Hop WC, Dees J, et al. Coated self-expanding metal stents versus latex prostheses for esophagogastric cancer with special reference to prior radiation and chemotherapy: a controlled, prospective study. Gastrointest Endosc. 1998:47:113-120.
36. Bartelsman JF, Bruno MJ, Jensema AJ, et al. Palliation of patients with esophagogastric neoplasms by insertion of a covered expandable modified Gianturco-Z endoprosthesis: experiences in 153 patients. Gastrointest Endosc. 2000;51:134-138.
37. Homs MY, Hansen BE, van Blankenstein M, et al. Prior radiation and/or chemotherapy has no effect on the outcome of metal stent placement for esophagogastric carcinoma. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004;16:163-170.
38. Lecleire S, Di Fiore F, Ben-Soussan E, et al. Prior chemoradiotherapy is associated with a higher life-threatening complication rate after palliative insertion of metal stents in patients with oesophageal cancer. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006;23:1693-1702.
39. Ludwig D, Dehne A, Burmester E, et al. Treatment of unresectable carcinoma of the esophagus or the gastroesophageal junction by mesh stents with or without radiochemotherapy. Int J Oncol. 1998;13:583-588.
40. Homs MYV, Steyerberg EW, Eijkenboom WMH, et al. Single-dose brachytherapy versus metal stent placement for the palliation of dysphagia from oesophageal cancer: multicenter, randomised trial. Lancet. 2004;364:1497-1504.
41. Steyerberg EW, Homs MYV, Stokvis A, et al. Stent placement or brachytherapy for palliation of dysphagia from esophageal cancer: a prognostic model to guide treatment selection. Gastrointest Endosc. 2005;62:333-340.
42. Bethge N, Sommer A, Vakil N. Palliation of malignant esophageal obstruction due to intrinsic and extrinsic lesions with expandable metal stents. Am J Gastroenterol. 1998;93:1829-1832.
43. Eleftheriadis E, Kotzampassi K. Endoprosthesis implantation at the pharyngo-esophageal level: problems, limitations and challenges. World J Gastroenterol. 2006;12:2103-2108.
44. Macdonald S, Edwards RD, Moss JG. Patient tolerance of cervical esophageal metallic stents. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2000;11:891-898.
45. Shim CS, Jung IS, Bhandari S, et al. Management of malignant strictures of the cervical esophagus with a newly-designed self-expanding metal stent. Endoscopy. 2004;36:554-557.
46. Dormann AJ, Eisendrath P, Wigginghaus B, et al. Palliation of esophageal carcinoma with a new self-expanding plastic stent. Endoscopy. 2003; 35:207-211.
47. Costamagna G, Shah SK, Tringali A, et al. Prospective evaluation of a new self-expanding plastic stent for inoperable esophageal strictures. Surg Endosc. 2003;17:891-895.
48. Szegedi L, Gal I, Kosa I, Kiss GG. Palliative treatment of esophageal carcinoma with self-expanding plastic stents: a report on 69 cases. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;18:1197-1201.
49. Yoruk Y. Esophageal stent placement for the palliation of dysphagia in lung cancer. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007;55:196-198.
50. Do YS, Song HY, Lee BH, et al. Esophagorespiratory fistula associated with esophageal cancer: treatment with a Gianturco stent tube. Radiology. 1993;187:673-677.
51. Bethge N, Sommer A, Vakil N. Treatment of esophageal fistulas with a new polyurethane-covered, self-expanding mesh stent: a prospective study. Am J Gastroenterol. 1995;90:2143-2146.
52. Kozarek RA, Raltz S, Brugge WR, et al. Prospective multicenter trial of esophageal Z-stent placement for malignant dysphagia and tracheoesophageal fistula. Gastrointest Endosc. 1996;44:562-567.
53. Low DE, Kozarek RA. Comparison of conventional and wire mesh expandable prostheses and surgical bypass in patients with malignant esophagorespiratory fistulas. Ann Thorac Surg. 1998;65:919-923.
54. May A, Ell C. Palliative treatment of malignant esophagorespiratory fistulas with Gianturco-Z stents. A prospective clinical trial and review of the literature on covered metal stents. Am J Gastroenterol. 1998;93:532-535.
55. Raijman I, Siddique I, Ajani J, et al. Palliation of malignant dysphagia and fistulae with coated expandable metal stents: experience with 101 patients. Gastrointest Endosc. 1998;48:172-179.
56. Dumonceau JM, Cremer M, Lalmand B, et al. Esophageal fistula sealing: choice of stent, practical management, and cost. Gastrointest Endosc. 1999;49;70-78.
57. van den Bongard HJ, Boot H, Baas P, et al. The role of parallel stent insertion in patients with esophagorespiratory fistulas. Gastrointest Endosc. 2002;55:110-115.
58. Binkert CA, Petersen BD. Two fatal complications after parallel tracheal-esophageal stenting. Cardiovasc Interv Radiol. 2002;25:144-147.
59. Low DE, Kozarek RA. Removal of esophageal expandable metal stents: description of technique and review of potential applications. Surg Endosc. 2003;17:990-996.
60. Baron TH, Burgart LI, Pochron NL. An internally covered (lined) self-expanding metal esophageal stent: tissue response in a porcine model. Gastrointest Endosc. 2006;64:263-267.
61. Song HY, Park SI, Do YS, et al. Expandable metallic stent placement in patients with benign esophageal strictures: results of long-term follow-up. Radiology. 1997;203:131-136.
62. Zwischenberger JB, Savage C, Bidani A. Surgical aspects of esophageal disease. Perforation and caustic injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;164:1037-1040.
63. Tilanus HW, Bossuyt P, Schattenkerk ME, Obertop H. Treatment of oesophageal perforation: a multivariate analysis. Br J Surg. 1991;78:582-585.
64. Siersema PD, Homs MYV, Haringsma J, et al. Use of large-diameter metallic stents to seal traumatic nonmalignant perforations of the esophagus. Gastrointest Endosc. 2003;58:356-361.
65. Hünerbein M, Stroszcynski C, Moesta KT, et al. Treatment of thoracic anastomotic leaks after esophagectomy with self-expanding plastic stents. Ann Surg. 2004;240:801-807.
66. Gelbmann CM, Ratiu NL, Rath HC, et al. Use of self-expandable plastic stents for the treatment of esophageal perforations and symptomatic anastomotic leaks. Endoscopy. 2004;36: 695-699.
67. Schubert D, Scheidbach H, Kuhn R, et al. Endoscopic treatment of thoracic esophageal anastomotic leaks by using silicone-covered, self-expanding polyester stents. Gastrointest Endosc. 2005;61:891-896.
68. Freeman RK, Ascioti AJ, Wozniak TC. Postoperative esophageal leak management with the Polyflex esophageal stent. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007;133:333-338.
69. Siersema PD. Treatment of esophageal perforations and anastomotic leaks: the endoscopist is stepping into the arena. Gastrointest Endosc. 2005;61:897-900.
70. Fiorini A, Fleischer D, Valero J, et al. Self-expandable metal coil stents in the treatment of benign esophageal strictures refractory to conventional therapy: a case series. Gastrointest Endosc. 2000;52:259-262.
71. Song HY, Jung HY, Park SI, et al. Covered retrievable expandable nitinol stents in patients with benign esophageal strictures: initial experience. Radiology. 2000;217:551-557.
72. Repici A, Conio M, De Angelis C, et al. Temporary placement of an expandable polyester silicone-covered stent for treatment of refractory benign esophageal strictures. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004;60:513-519.
73. Evrard S, Le Moine O, Lazaraki G, et al. Self-expanding plastic stents for benign esophageal lesions. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004;60:894-900.
74. Triester SL, Fleischer DE, Sharma VK. Failure of self-expanding plastic stents in treatment of refractory benign esophageal strictures. Endoscopy. 2006;38:533-537.
75. Holm AN, De La Mora Levy JG, Baron TH, Gostout CJ. Self-expanding plastic stents in treatment of benign esophageal conditions. Gastrointest Endosc. In press.
76. Fry SW, Fleischer DE. Management of a refractory benign esophageal stricture with a new biodegradable stent. Gastrointest Endosc. 1997; 45:179-182.
77. Sandha GS, Marcon NE. Expandable metal stents for benign esophageal obstruction. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 1999;9:437-446.
78. Won JH, Lee JD, Wang HJ, et al. Self-expandable covered metallic esophageal stent impregnated with beta-emitting radionuclide: an experimental study in canine esophagus. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002;53:1005-1013.