-
2
-
-
34250682743
-
-
American Psychiatric Association (APA). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-III-R, revised 3rd edition. Washington, DC: APA, 1987.
-
American Psychiatric Association (APA). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-III-R, revised 3rd edition. Washington, DC: APA, 1987.
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
34250632126
-
-
American Psychiatric Association (APA). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-IV, 4th edition. Washington, DC: APA, 1994.
-
American Psychiatric Association (APA). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-IV, 4th edition. Washington, DC: APA, 1994.
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
0026093658
-
Coherence of the dependence syndrome in cocaine users
-
Bryant KJ, Rounsaville BJ, Babor TF. Coherence of the dependence syndrome in cocaine users. Br J Addict 1991; 86: 1299-1310.
-
(1991)
Br J Addict
, vol.86
, pp. 1299-1310
-
-
Bryant, K.J.1
Rounsaville, B.J.2
Babor, T.F.3
-
5
-
-
0029849648
-
Can we subtype alcoholism? A latent class analysis of data from relatives of alcoholics in a multicenter family study of alcoholism
-
Bucholz KK, Heath AC, Reich T, Hesselbrock VM, Kramer JR, Nurnberger JI Jr, Schuckit MA. Can we subtype alcoholism? A latent class analysis of data from relatives of alcoholics in a multicenter family study of alcoholism. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1996; 20: 1462-71.
-
(1996)
Alcohol Clin Exp Res
, vol.20
, pp. 1462-1471
-
-
Bucholz, K.K.1
Heath, A.C.2
Reich, T.3
Hesselbrock, V.M.4
Kramer, J.R.5
Nurnberger Jr, J.I.6
Schuckit, M.A.7
-
7
-
-
0022515127
-
The alcohol dependence syndrome: A concept as stimulus to enquiry
-
Edwards G. The alcohol dependence syndrome: a concept as stimulus to enquiry. Br J Addict 1986; 81: 171-83.
-
(1986)
Br J Addict
, vol.81
, pp. 171-183
-
-
Edwards, G.1
-
8
-
-
0017140489
-
Alcohol dependence: Provisional description of a clinical syndrome
-
Edwards G, Gross MM. Alcohol dependence: provisional description of a clinical syndrome. Br Med J 1976; 1: 1058-61.
-
(1976)
Br Med J
, vol.1
, pp. 1058-1061
-
-
Edwards, G.1
Gross, M.M.2
-
9
-
-
0028819914
-
Construct validity of the dependence syndrome as measured by DSM-IV for different psychoactive substances
-
Feingold A, Rounsaville B. Construct validity of the dependence syndrome as measured by DSM-IV for different psychoactive substances. Addiction 1995; 90: 1661-9.
-
(1995)
Addiction
, vol.90
, pp. 1661-1669
-
-
Feingold, A.1
Rounsaville, B.2
-
10
-
-
0029001094
-
The Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS): Psychometric properties of the SDS in English and Australian samples of heroin, cocaine and amphetamine users
-
Gossop M, Darke S, Griffiths P, Hando J, Powis B, Hall W, Strang J. The Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS): psychometric properties of the SDS in English and Australian samples of heroin, cocaine and amphetamine users. Addiction 1995; 90: 607-14.
-
(1995)
Addiction
, vol.90
, pp. 607-614
-
-
Gossop, M.1
Darke, S.2
Griffiths, P.3
Hando, J.4
Powis, B.5
Hall, W.6
Strang, J.7
-
11
-
-
33644749136
-
Effectiveness of drug and alcohol counselling during methadone treatment: Content, frequency, and duration of counselling and association with substance use outcomes
-
Gossop M, Stewart D, Marsden J. Effectiveness of drug and alcohol counselling during methadone treatment: content, frequency, and duration of counselling and association with substance use outcomes. Addiction 2006; 101: 404-12.
-
(2006)
Addiction
, vol.101
, pp. 404-412
-
-
Gossop, M.1
Stewart, D.2
Marsden, J.3
-
12
-
-
1842549440
-
-
Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
-
Grant BF, Moore TC, Shepard J, Kaplan K. Source and accuracy statement: Wave I National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 2003.
-
(2003)
Source and accuracy statement: Wave I National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC)
-
-
Grant, B.F.1
Moore, T.C.2
Shepard, J.3
Kaplan, K.4
-
13
-
-
3543055314
-
Prevalence and co-occurrence of substance use disorders and independent mood and anxiety disorders: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions
-
Grant BF, Stinson FS, Dawson DA, Chou SP, Dufour MC, Compton W, Pickering RP, Kaplan K. Prevalence and co-occurrence of substance use disorders and independent mood and anxiety disorders: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2004; 61: 807-16.
-
(2004)
Arch Gen Psychiatry
, vol.61
, pp. 807-816
-
-
Grant, B.F.1
Stinson, F.S.2
Dawson, D.A.3
Chou, S.P.4
Dufour, M.C.5
Compton, W.6
Pickering, R.P.7
Kaplan, K.8
-
14
-
-
0027452410
-
The structure and correlates of alcohol dependence: WHO collaborative project on the early detection of persons with harmful alcohol consumption - III
-
Hall W, Saunders JB, Babor TF, Aasland OG, Amundsen A, Hodgson R, Grant M. The structure and correlates of alcohol dependence: WHO collaborative project on the early detection of persons with harmful alcohol consumption - III. Addiction 1993; 88: 1627-36.
-
(1993)
Addiction
, vol.88
, pp. 1627-1636
-
-
Hall, W.1
Saunders, J.B.2
Babor, T.F.3
Aasland, O.G.4
Amundsen, A.5
Hodgson, R.6
Grant, M.7
-
15
-
-
0035051748
-
The dimensionality of alcohol abuse and dependence: A multivariate analysis of DSM-IV symptom items in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth
-
Harford TC, Muthen BO. The dimensionality of alcohol abuse and dependence: a multivariate analysis of DSM-IV symptom items in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. J Stud Alcohol 2001; 62: 150-7.
-
(2001)
J Stud Alcohol
, vol.62
, pp. 150-157
-
-
Harford, T.C.1
Muthen, B.O.2
-
17
-
-
34250675018
-
DSM-IV alcohol dependence: A categorical or dimensional phenotype?
-
Hasin DS, Liu X, Alderson D, Grant BF. DSM-IV alcohol dependence: a categorical or dimensional phenotype? Psychol Med 2006; 36: 1695-1705.
-
(2006)
Psychol Med
, vol.36
, pp. 1695-1705
-
-
Hasin, D.S.1
Liu, X.2
Alderson, D.3
Grant, B.F.4
-
18
-
-
0028246802
-
Validity of the bi-axial dependence concept: A test in the U.S. general population
-
Hasin DS, Muthuen B, Wisnicki KS, Grant B. Validity of the bi-axial dependence concept: a test in the U.S. general population. Addiction 1994; 89: 573-9.
-
(1994)
Addiction
, vol.89
, pp. 573-579
-
-
Hasin, D.S.1
Muthuen, B.2
Wisnicki, K.S.3
Grant, B.4
-
19
-
-
0028652674
-
The assessment of alcoholism in surveys of the general community: What are we measuring? Some insights from the Australian twin panel interview survey
-
Heath AC, Bucholz KK, Slutske WS, Madden PAF, Dinwiddie SH, Dunne MP, Statham DB, Whitfield JB, Martin NG, Eaves LJ. The assessment of alcoholism in surveys of the general community: what are we measuring? Some insights from the Australian twin panel interview survey. Int Rev Psychiatry 1994; 6: 295-307.
-
(1994)
Int Rev Psychiatry
, vol.6
, pp. 295-307
-
-
Heath, A.C.1
Bucholz, K.K.2
Slutske, W.S.3
Madden, P.A.F.4
Dinwiddie, S.H.5
Dunne, M.P.6
Statham, D.B.7
Whitfield, J.B.8
Martin, N.G.9
Eaves, L.J.10
-
20
-
-
0021881246
-
A comparison of clinical diagnostic interview schedule diagnoses. Physician reexamination of lay-interviewed cases in the general population
-
Helzer JE, Robins LN, McEvoy LT, Spitznagel EL, Stoltzman RK, Farmer A, Brockington IF. A comparison of clinical diagnostic interview schedule diagnoses. Physician reexamination of lay-interviewed cases in the general population. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1985; 42: 657-66.
-
(1985)
Arch Gen Psychiatry
, vol.42
, pp. 657-666
-
-
Helzer, J.E.1
Robins, L.N.2
McEvoy, L.T.3
Spitznagel, E.L.4
Stoltzman, R.K.5
Farmer, A.6
Brockington, I.F.7
-
21
-
-
4644324681
-
Concordance of different measures of nicotine dependence: Two pilot studies
-
Hughes JR, Oliveto AH, Riggs R, Kenny M, Liguori A, Pillitteri JL, MacLaughlin MA. Concordance of different measures of nicotine dependence: two pilot studies. Addict Behav 2004; 29: 1527-39.
-
(2004)
Addict Behav
, vol.29
, pp. 1527-1539
-
-
Hughes, J.R.1
Oliveto, A.H.2
Riggs, R.3
Kenny, M.4
Liguori, A.5
Pillitteri, J.L.6
MacLaughlin, M.A.7
-
23
-
-
0030008212
-
The latent dimensionality of DIS/ DSM-III-R nicotine dependence: Exploratory analyses
-
Johnson EO, Breslau N, Anthony JC. The latent dimensionality of DIS/ DSM-III-R nicotine dependence: exploratory analyses. Addiction 1996; 91: 583-8.
-
(1996)
Addiction
, vol.91
, pp. 583-588
-
-
Johnson, E.O.1
Breslau, N.2
Anthony, J.C.3
-
24
-
-
33745127366
-
-
Kahler CW, Strong DR. A Rasch model analysis of DSM-IV Alcohol abuse and dependence items in the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2006; 30: 1165-75.
-
Kahler CW, Strong DR. A Rasch model analysis of DSM-IV Alcohol abuse and dependence items in the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2006; 30: 1165-75.
-
-
-
-
25
-
-
0037278555
-
An item response analysis of the Alcohol Dependence Scale in treatment-seeking alcoholics
-
Kahler CW, Strong DR, Hayaki J, Ramsey SE, Brown RA. An item response analysis of the Alcohol Dependence Scale in treatment-seeking alcoholics. J Stud Alcohol 2003; 64: 127-36.
-
(2003)
J Stud Alcohol
, vol.64
, pp. 127-136
-
-
Kahler, C.W.1
Strong, D.R.2
Hayaki, J.3
Ramsey, S.E.4
Brown, R.A.5
-
26
-
-
11144243376
-
Mapping the continuum of alcohol problems in college students: A Rasch model analysis
-
Kahler CW, Strong DR, Read JP, Palfai TP, Wood MD. Mapping the continuum of alcohol problems in college students: a Rasch model analysis. Psychol Addict Behav 2004; 18: 322-33.
-
(2004)
Psychol Addict Behav
, vol.18
, pp. 322-333
-
-
Kahler, C.W.1
Strong, D.R.2
Read, J.P.3
Palfai, T.P.4
Wood, M.D.5
-
27
-
-
17644374100
-
The neural basis of addiction: A pathology of motivation and choice
-
Kalivas PW, Volkow ND. The neural basis of addiction: a pathology of motivation and choice. Am J Psychiatry 2005; 162: 1403-13.
-
(2005)
Am J Psychiatry
, vol.162
, pp. 1403-1413
-
-
Kalivas, P.W.1
Volkow, N.D.2
-
28
-
-
33646851960
-
Application of item response theory to quantify substance use disorder severity
-
Kirisci L, Tarter RE, Vanyukov M, Martin C, Mezzich A, Brown S. Application of item response theory to quantify substance use disorder severity. Addict Behav 2006; 31: 1035-49.
-
(2006)
Addict Behav
, vol.31
, pp. 1035-1049
-
-
Kirisci, L.1
Tarter, R.E.2
Vanyukov, M.3
Martin, C.4
Mezzich, A.5
Brown, S.6
-
29
-
-
0036901358
-
Item response theory modeling of substance use: An index based on 10 drug categories
-
Kirisci L, Vanyukov M, Dunn M, Tarter R. Item response theory modeling of substance use: an index based on 10 drug categories. Psychol Addict Behav 2002; 16: 290-8.
-
(2002)
Psychol Addict Behav
, vol.16
, pp. 290-298
-
-
Kirisci, L.1
Vanyukov, M.2
Dunn, M.3
Tarter, R.4
-
30
-
-
0023473188
-
Substance use disorders in DSM-III-R. Evidence for the dependence syndrome across different psychoactive substances
-
Kosten TR, Rounsaville BJ, Babor TF, Spitzer RL, Williams JB. Substance use disorders in DSM-III-R. Evidence for the dependence syndrome across different psychoactive substances. Br J Psychiatry 1987; 151: 834-43.
-
(1987)
Br J Psychiatry
, vol.151
, pp. 834-843
-
-
Kosten, T.R.1
Rounsaville, B.J.2
Babor, T.F.3
Spitzer, R.L.4
Williams, J.B.5
-
31
-
-
0346250796
-
Categorical versus dimensional approaches to diagnosis: Methodological challenges
-
Kraemer HC, Noda A, O'Hara R. Categorical versus dimensional approaches to diagnosis: methodological challenges. J Psychiatr Res 2004; 38: 17-25.
-
(2004)
J Psychiatr Res
, vol.38
, pp. 17-25
-
-
Kraemer, H.C.1
Noda, A.2
O'Hara, R.3
-
32
-
-
34250677585
-
DSM categories and dimensions in clinical and research contexts
-
Kraemer HC. DSM categories and dimensions in clinical and research contexts. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res. 2007.
-
(2007)
Int J Methods Psychiatr Res
-
-
Kraemer, H.C.1
-
33
-
-
3042568900
-
Using latent trait modeling to conceptualize an alcohol problems continuum
-
Krueger RF, Nichol PE, Hicks BM, Markon KE, Patrick CJ, Iacono WG, McGue M. Using latent trait modeling to conceptualize an alcohol problems continuum. Psychol Assess 2004; 16: 107-19.
-
(2004)
Psychol Assess
, vol.16
, pp. 107-119
-
-
Krueger, R.F.1
Nichol, P.E.2
Hicks, B.M.3
Markon, K.E.4
Patrick, C.J.5
Iacono, W.G.6
McGue, M.7
-
34
-
-
1242275122
-
An application of item response theory analysis to alcohol, cannabis, and cocaine criteria in DSM-IV
-
Langenbucher JW, Labouvie E, Martin CS, Sanjuan PM, Bavly L, Kirisci L, Chung T. An application of item response theory analysis to alcohol, cannabis, and cocaine criteria in DSM-IV. J Abnorm Psychol 2004; 113: 72-80.
-
(2004)
J Abnorm Psychol
, vol.113
, pp. 72-80
-
-
Langenbucher, J.W.1
Labouvie, E.2
Martin, C.S.3
Sanjuan, P.M.4
Bavly, L.5
Kirisci, L.6
Chung, T.7
-
35
-
-
34250649034
-
-
Lanza ST, Flaherty BP, Collins LM. Latent class and latent transition analysis. In JA Schinka, WF Velicer (eds) Handbook of Psychology: 2. Research Methods in Psychology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2003, pp. 663-85.
-
Lanza ST, Flaherty BP, Collins LM. Latent class and latent transition analysis. In JA Schinka, WF Velicer (eds) Handbook of Psychology: Vol 2. Research Methods in Psychology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2003, pp. 663-85.
-
-
-
-
36
-
-
28544441578
-
Limitations of DSM-IV operationalizations of alcohol abuse and dependence in a sample of Australian twins. Twin Res
-
Lynskey MT, Nelson EC, Neuman RJ, Bucholz KK, Madden PAF, Knopik VS, Slutske W, Whitfield JB, Martin NG, Heath AC. Limitations of DSM-IV operationalizations of alcohol abuse and dependence in a sample of Australian twins. Twin Res Hum Genet 2005; 8: 574-84.
-
(2005)
Hum Genet
, vol.8
, pp. 574-584
-
-
Lynskey, M.T.1
Nelson, E.C.2
Neuman, R.J.3
Bucholz, K.K.4
Madden, P.A.F.5
Knopik, V.S.6
Slutske, W.7
Whitfield, J.B.8
Martin, N.G.9
Heath, A.C.10
-
37
-
-
33750980122
-
Item Response Theory analysis of diagnostic criteria for alcohol and cannabis use disorders in adolescents: Implications for DSM-V
-
Martin CS, Chung T, Kirisci L, Langenbucher JW. Item Response Theory analysis of diagnostic criteria for alcohol and cannabis use disorders in adolescents: implications for DSM-V. J Abnorm Psychol 2006; 115: 807-14.
-
(2006)
J Abnorm Psychol
, vol.115
, pp. 807-814
-
-
Martin, C.S.1
Chung, T.2
Kirisci, L.3
Langenbucher, J.W.4
-
38
-
-
0022603421
-
Empirically derived classifications of alcohol related problems
-
M Galanter ed, New York: Plenum Publishing
-
Morey LC, Skinner HA. Empirically derived classifications of alcohol related problems. In M Galanter (ed.) Recent developments in alcoholism, Volume IV. New York: Plenum Publishing, 1986, pp. 145-68.
-
(1986)
Recent developments in alcoholism
, vol.4
, pp. 145-168
-
-
Morey, L.C.1
Skinner, H.A.2
-
40
-
-
0028098813
-
The generalizability of the dependence syndrome across substances: An examination of some properties of the proposed DSM-IV dependence criteria
-
Morgenstern J, Langenbucher J, Labouvie EW. The generalizability of the dependence syndrome across substances: an examination of some properties of the proposed DSM-IV dependence criteria. Addiction 1994; 89: 1105-13.
-
(1994)
Addiction
, vol.89
, pp. 1105-1113
-
-
Morgenstern, J.1
Langenbucher, J.2
Labouvie, E.W.3
-
41
-
-
33748353807
-
Naltrexone versus acamprosate in the treatment of alcohol dependence: A multi-centre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
-
Morley KC, Teesson M, Reid SC, Sannibale C, Thomson C, Phung N, Weltman M, Bell JR, Richardson K, Haber PS. Naltrexone versus acamprosate in the treatment of alcohol dependence: a multi-centre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Addiction 2006; 101: 1451-62.
-
(2006)
Addiction
, vol.101
, pp. 1451-1462
-
-
Morley, K.C.1
Teesson, M.2
Reid, S.C.3
Sannibale, C.4
Thomson, C.5
Phung, N.6
Weltman, M.7
Bell, J.R.8
Richardson, K.9
Haber, P.S.10
-
42
-
-
0029027178
-
Factor analysis of alcohol abuse and dependence symptom items in the 1988 National Health Interview Survey
-
Muthen BO. Factor analysis of alcohol abuse and dependence symptom items in the 1988 National Health Interview Survey. Addiction 1995; 90: 637-45.
-
(1995)
Addiction
, vol.90
, pp. 637-645
-
-
Muthen, B.O.1
-
43
-
-
0029955706
-
Psychometric evaluation of diagnostic criteria: Application to a two-dimensional model of alcohol abuse and dependence
-
Muthen BO. Psychometric evaluation of diagnostic criteria: application to a two-dimensional model of alcohol abuse and dependence. Drug Alcohol Depend 1996; 41: 101-12.
-
(1996)
Drug Alcohol Depend
, vol.41
, pp. 101-112
-
-
Muthen, B.O.1
-
44
-
-
33646828382
-
Item response mixture modeling: Application to tobacco dependence criteria
-
Muthen B, Asparouhov T. Item response mixture modeling: application to tobacco dependence criteria. Addict Behav 2006; 31: 1050-66.
-
(2006)
Addict Behav
, vol.31
, pp. 1050-1066
-
-
Muthen, B.1
Asparouhov, T.2
-
45
-
-
0027176529
-
The dimensionality of alcohol abuse and dependence: Factor analysis of DSM-III-R and proposed DSM-IV criteria in the 1988 National Health Interview Survey
-
Muthen BO, Grant B, Hasin D. The dimensionality of alcohol abuse and dependence: factor analysis of DSM-III-R and proposed DSM-IV criteria in the 1988 National Health Interview Survey. Addiction 1993a; 88: 1079-90.
-
(1993)
Addiction
, vol.88
, pp. 1079-1090
-
-
Muthen, B.O.1
Grant, B.2
Hasin, D.3
-
46
-
-
0027297109
-
Factor analysis of ICD-10 symptom items in the 1988 National Health Interview Survey on Alcohol Dependence
-
Muthen BO, Hasin D, Wisnicki KS. Factor analysis of ICD-10 symptom items in the 1988 National Health Interview Survey on Alcohol Dependence. Addiction 1993b; 88: 1071-7.
-
(1993)
Addiction
, vol.88
, pp. 1071-1077
-
-
Muthen, B.O.1
Hasin, D.2
Wisnicki, K.S.3
-
47
-
-
0032990051
-
Factor structures for DSM-IV substance disorder criteria endorsed by alcohol, cannabis, cocaine and opiate users: Results from the WHO reliability and validity study
-
Nelson CB, Rehm J, Ustun TB, Grant B, Chatterji S. Factor structures for DSM-IV substance disorder criteria endorsed by alcohol, cannabis, cocaine and opiate users: results from the WHO reliability and validity study. Addiction 1999; 94: 843-55.
-
(1999)
Addiction
, vol.94
, pp. 843-855
-
-
Nelson, C.B.1
Rehm, J.2
Ustun, T.B.3
Grant, B.4
Chatterji, S.5
-
49
-
-
2542453819
-
Nicotine dependence criteria of the DIS and DSM-III-R: A factor analysis
-
Radzius A, Gallo J, Gorelick DA, Cadet JL, Uhl G, Henningfield JE, Moolchan ET. Nicotine dependence criteria of the DIS and DSM-III-R: a factor analysis. Nicotine Tob Res 2004; 6: 303-8.
-
(2004)
Nicotine Tob Res
, vol.6
, pp. 303-308
-
-
Radzius, A.1
Gallo, J.2
Gorelick, D.A.3
Cadet, J.L.4
Uhl, G.5
Henningfield, J.E.6
Moolchan, E.T.7
-
50
-
-
0017279479
-
Quantitative dimensions of alcohol use for hospitalized problem drinkers
-
Rohan WP. Quantitative dimensions of alcohol use for hospitalized problem drinkers. Dis Nerv Syst 1976; 37: 154-9.
-
(1976)
Dis Nerv Syst
, vol.37
, pp. 154-159
-
-
Rohan, W.P.1
-
51
-
-
33744801417
-
Toward an alcohol use disorder continuum using item response theory: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions
-
Saha TD, Chou SP, Grant BF. Toward an alcohol use disorder continuum using item response theory: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Psychol Med 2006; 36: 931-41.
-
(2006)
Psychol Med
, vol.36
, pp. 931-941
-
-
Saha, T.D.1
Chou, S.P.2
Grant, B.F.3
-
52
-
-
34247117697
-
The role of alcohol consumption in future classifications of alcohol use disorders
-
Saba TD, Stinson FS, Grant BF. The role of alcohol consumption in future classifications of alcohol use disorders. Drug Alcohol Depend 2007; 89: 82-92.
-
(2007)
Drug Alcohol Depend
, vol.89
, pp. 82-92
-
-
Saba, T.D.1
Stinson, F.S.2
Grant, B.F.3
-
55
-
-
0029001094
-
-
World Health Organization (WHO). Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS). Available online: http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/research-tools/ severitydependencescale/en (12 December 2006). Adapted from. Gossop M, Darke S, Griffiths P, Hando J, Powis B, Hall W, Strang J. The Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS): psychometric properties of the SDS in English and Australian samples of heroin, cocaine and amphetamine users. Addiction 1995; 90: 607-14.
-
World Health Organization (WHO). Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS). Available online: http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/research-tools/ severitydependencescale/en (12 December 2006). Adapted from. Gossop M, Darke S, Griffiths P, Hando J, Powis B, Hall W, Strang J. The Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS): psychometric properties of the SDS in English and Australian samples of heroin, cocaine and amphetamine users. Addiction 1995; 90: 607-14.
-
-
-
|