A validation of the fractal dimension of cloud boundaries

Geophysical Research Letters

Volumn 34, Issue 3, 2007, Pages

  Luo, Zhexian ^a   Liu, Chongjian ^b  

^a NANJING UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (China)

^b STATE KEY LABORATORY OF SEVERE WEATHER   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE; FRACTAL DIMENSION; KINETIC ENERGY; LARGE EDDY SIMULATION; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; SATELLITE IMAGERY; VORTICITY;

CLOUD BOUNDARY; KINETIC ENERGY FIELD; TURBULENT DIFFUSION;

CLOUDS;

BAROTROPIC MOTION; CLOUD COVER; CLOUD MICROPHYSICS; COMPUTER SIMULATION; FRACTAL ANALYSIS; KINETIC ENERGY; LARGE EDDY SIMULATION; NUMERICAL MODEL; QUASI-GEOSTROPHIC FLOW; SATELLITE IMAGERY; VORTICITY;

EID: 34250176377     PISSN: 00948276     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2006GL028472     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Bartels, D. L., and R. A. Maddox (1991), Midlevel cyclonic vortices generated by mesoscale convective systems, Mon. Weather Rev., 119, 104-118.
2. Benner, T. C., and J. A. Curry (1998), Characteristics of small tropical cumulus clouds and their impact on the environment, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 28,753-28,767.
3. Cahalan, R. F., and J. H. Joseph (1989), Fractal statistics of cloud fields, Mon. Weather Rev., 117, 261-272.
4. Chen, Y, and M. K. Yau (2001), Spiral bands in a simulated hurricane. part I: Vortex Rossby wave verification, J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 2128-2145.
5. China Meteorological Administration (1984), Cloud Atlas in China, pp. 336, Sci. Press of China, Beijing.
6. Clerex, H. J. H., and A. H. Nielsen (2000), Vortex statistics for turbulence in a container with rigid boundaries, Phys. Rev. Lett., 85, 752-755.
7. Clerex, H. J. H., and G. J. F. van Heijst (2000), Energy spectra for decaying 2D turbulence in a bounded domain, Phys. Rev. Lett., 85, 306-309.
8. Cotton, W. R., M.-S. Lin, R. L. McAnelly, and C. J. Tremback (1989), A composite model of mesoscale convective complexes, Mon. Weather Rev., 117, 765-783.
9. Enagonio, J., and M. T. Montgomery (2001), Tropical cyclogenesis via convectively forced vortex Rossby waves in a shallow water primitive equation model, J. Atmos. Sci., 58,685-58,705.
10. Evans, J. L., G. J. Holland, and R. L. Elsberry (1991), Interactions between a barotropic vortex and an idealized subtropical ridge, part I: Vortex motion, J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 301-314.
11. Iga, K., and T. Watanabe (2003), The scaling law of quasi-geostrophic turbulence with weak energy dissipation, J. Meteorol. Soc., Jpn., 81, 895-905.
12. Iwayama, T., T. G. Shepherd, and T. Watanabe (2002), An 'ideal' form of decaying two-dimensional turbulence, J. Fluid Mech., 456, 183-198.
13. Joseph, J. H. (1985), The role of cloud field morphology in weather and climate studies, Isr. J. Earth Sci., 34, 96-101.
14. Lovejoy, S. (1982), Area-perimeter relation for rain and cloud areas, Science, 216, 185-187.
15. Luo, Z., and C. Liu (2006), An investigation into the sensitivity of idealised vortex interactions to initial conditions and island topography, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L01809, doi:10.1029/ 2005GL024543.
16. Luo, Z., and C. Liu (2007), An investigation into axisymmetrization of a vortex embedded in horizontal shearing currents, J. Geophys. Res., doi:10.1029/2006JD007087, in press.
17. Menard, R. D., and J. M. Fritsch (1989), A mesoscale convective complex-generated inertially stable warm core vortex, Mon. Weather Rev., 117, 1237-1261.
18. Mennier, P., V. Ehrenstein, T. Loweke, and R. Maurice (2002), A merging criterion for two-dimensions: Causes and conditions, Phys. Fluids, 14, 2757-2766.
19. Montgomery, M. T., and R. J. Kallenbach (1997), A theory for vortex Rossby waves and its application to spiral bands and intensity changes in hurricanes, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 123, 435-465.
20. Rys, P. S., and A. Waldvogel (1986), Fractal shape of hail clouds, Phys. Rev. Lett., 56, 784-787.
21. Siebesma, A. P., and H. J. J. Jonker (2000), Anomalous scaling of cumulus cloud boundaries, Phys. Rev. Lett., 85, 214-217.
22. Skamarock, W. C., M. L. Weisman, and J. B. Klemp (1994), Three-dimensional evolution of simulated long-lived squall lines, J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2563-2584.
23. Watanabe, T., and H. Fujisake (1997), Dynamical scaling law in the development of drift wave turbulence, Phys. Rev. E, 55, 5575-5580.
24. Williams, T. C. (1990), The vortices of two-dimensional turbulence, J. Fluid Mech., 219, 361-385.
25. Yano, J.-I., K. Fraedrich, and R. Blender (2001), Tropical convective variability as 1/f noise, J. Clim., 14, 3608-3616.
26. Zhang, D.-L., and J. M. Fritsch (1988), A numerical investigation of a convectively generated, inertially stable, extratropical warm-core mesovortex over land. part I: Structure and evolution, Mon. Weather Rev., 116, 2660-2687.