A stretch reflex in extraocular muscles of species purportedly lacking muscle spindles

Experimental Brain Research

Volumn 180, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 15-21

  Dancause, Numa ^a   Taylor, Michael D ^c   Plautz, Erik J ^b,c   Radel, Jeffery D ^c   Whittaker, Thomas ^b   Nudo, Randolph J ^b,c   Feldman, Anatol G ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTRÉAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

Electromyogram; Eye movement; Motor control; Proprioception; Sensorimotor integration

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLE; EYE MOVEMENT; MALE; MOTOR CONTROL; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; MUSCLE SPINDLE; MYOTATIC REFLEX; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; SQUIRREL MONKEY;

ANIMALS; BIOMECHANICS; EYE MOVEMENTS; MALE; MUSCLE SPINDLES; OCULOMOTOR MUSCLES; PROPRIOCEPTION; RATS; RATS, SPRAGUE-DAWLEY; REFLEX, STRETCH; SAIMIRI;

EID: 34249905848     PISSN: 00144819     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00221-006-0833-8     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Archambault PS, Mihaltchev P, Levin MF, Feldman AG (2005) Basic elements of arm postural control analyzed by unloading. Exp Brain Res 164:225-241
2. Asatryan DG, Feldman AG (1965) Functional tuning of nervous sytem with control of movement or maintenace of steady posture-I. Mechanographic analysis of the work of the joint on execution of a postural task. Biofizika 5:837-846
3. Breinin GM (1957) Electromyographic evidence for ocular muscle proprioception in man. AMA Arch Ophthalmol 57:176-180
4. Capaday C, Lavoie BA, Comeau F (1995) Differential effects of a flexor nerve input on the human soleus H-reflex during standing versus walking. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 73:436-449
5. Carpenter RHS (1988) Movements of the eyes. Pion, London
6. Collins CC, O'Meara D, Scott AB (1975) Muscle tension during unrestrained human eye movements. J Physiol 245:351-369
7. Cooper S, Daniel PM, Whitteridge D (1953) Nerve impulses in the brainstem of the goat; short latency responses obtained by stretching the extrinsic eye muscles and the jaw muscles. J Physiol 120:471-490
8. Cooper S, Daniel PM, Whitteridge D (1955) Muscle spindles and other sensory endings in the extrinsic eye muscles; the physiology and anatomy of these receptors and of their connexions with the brain-stem. Brain 78:564-583
9. Donaldson IM (2000) The functions of the proprioceptors of the eye muscles. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 355:1685-1754
10. Donaldson IM, Long AC (1980) Interactions between extraocular proprioceptive and visual signals in the superior colliculus of the cat. J Physiol 298:85-110
11. Eberhorn AC, Horn AK, Fischer P, Buttner-Ennever JA (2005) Proprioception and palisade endings in extraocular eye muscles. Ann NY Acad Sci 1039:1-8
12. Feldman AG, Orlovsky GN (1972) The influence of different descending systems on the tonic stretch reflex in the cat. Exp Neurol 37:481-494
13. Fillenz M (1955) Responses in the brainstem of the cat to stretch of extrinsic ocular muscles. J Physiol 128:182-199
14. Keller EL, Robinson DA (1971) Absence of a stretch reflex in extraocular muscles of the monkey. J Neurophysiol 34:908-919
15. Lennartsson B (1979) Muscle spindles in the human anterior digastric muscle. Acta Odontol Scand 37:329-333
16. Lewis RF, Zee DS, Gaymard BM, Guthrie BL (1994) Extraocular muscle proprioception functions in the control of ocular alignment and eye movement conjugacy. J Neurophysiol 72:1028-1031
17. Maier A, DeSantis M, Eldred E (1974) The occurrence of muscle spindles in extraocular muscles of various vertebrates. J Morphol 143:397-408
18. Matsuo K (2002) Stretching of the Mueller muscle results in involuntary contraction of the levator muscle. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 18:5-10
19. Matthews PBC (1959) A study of certain factors influencing the stretch reflex of the decerebrate cat. J Physiol (Lond) 147:547-564
20. Matthews PBC (1981) Muscle spindles: their messages and their fusimotor supply. In: Brooks VB (ed) Handbook of physiology. Section 1. The nervous system, vol. II, motor control, part 2. American Physiological Society, Bethesda, pp 189-228
21. McCouch GP, Adler FH (1932) Extraocular reflexes. Am J Physiol 100:78-88
22. Merrillees NC, Sunderland S, Hayhow W (1950) Neuromuscular spindles in the extraocular muscles in man. Anat Rec 108:23-30
23. Nichols TR, Steeves JD (1986) Resetting of resultant stiffness in ankle flexor and extensor muscles in the decerebrate cat. Exp Brain Res 62:401-410
24. Nudo RJ, Jenkins WM, Merzenich MM, Prejean T, Grenda R (1992) Neurophysiological correlates of hand preference in primary motor cortex of adult squirrel monkeys. J Neurosci 12:2918-2947
25. Nudo RJ, Larson D, Plautz EJ, Friel KM, Barbay S, Frost SB (2003) A squirrel monkey model of poststroke motor recovery. ILAR J 44:161-174
26. Ostry DJ, Feldman AG (2003) A critical evaluation of the force control hypothesis in motor control. Exp Brain Res 153:275-288
27. Ostry DJ, Gribble PL, Levin MF, Feldman AG (1997) Phasic and tonic stretch reflexes in muscles with few muscle spindles: human jaw-opener muscles. Exp Brain Res 116:299-308
28. Porter JD, Donaldson IM (1991) The anatomical substrate for cat extraocular muscle proprioception. Neuroscience 43:473-481
29. Rack PM, Westbury DR (1969) The effects of length and stimulus rate on tension in the isometric cat soleus muscle. J Physiol 204:443-460
30. Ruskell GL (1978) The fine structure of innervated myotendinous cylinders in extraocular muscles of rhesus monkeys. J Neurocytol 7:693-708
31. Ruskell GL (1999) Extraocular muscle proprioceptors and proprioception. Prog Retin Eye Res 18:269-291
32. Sears ML, Teasdall RD, Stone HH (1959) Stretch effects in human extraocular muscle; an electromyographic study. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 104:174-178
33. Sherrington CS (1906) On the proprioceptive system, especially in its reflex aspect. Brain 29:467-482
34. Spencer RF, Porter JD (1988) Structural organization of the extraocular muscles. Rev Oculomot Res 2:33-79
35. Taylor MD, Dancause N, Feldman AG, Radel JD, Wright DE, Nudo RJ (2005). Sensory receptors of the extraocular muscles in the squirrel monkey. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts. Prog # 744.17
36. Tomlinson RD, Schwarz DW (1977) Response of oculomotor neurons to eye muscle stretch. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 55:568-573
37. Von Holst E, Mittelstaedt H (1950/1973) Daz reafferezprincip. Wechselwirkungen zwischen Zentralnerven-system und Peripherie. Naturwissenschaften. 37:467-476, 1950. The reafference principle. In: Martin Rt (ed) The behavioral physiology of animals and man. The collected papers of Erich bon Holst. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, pp 139-173