First-trimester sonography: Is the fetus exposed to high levels of acoustic energy?

Journal of Clinical Ultrasound

Volumn 35, Issue 5, 2007, Pages 245-249

  Sheiner, Eyal ^a,b,c   Shoham Vardi, Ilana ^c   Hussey, Michael J ^a   Pombar, Xavier ^a   Strassner, Howard T ^a   Freeman, Jody ^d   Abramowicz, Jacques S ^a  

^a RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b BEN GURION UNIVERSITY OF THE NEGEV   (Israel)

^c BEN GURION UNIVERSITY OF THE NEGEV   (Israel)

^d UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Acoustic output; Early pregnancy; Mechanical index; Safety; Thermal index; Ultrasound

Indexed keywords

ACOUSTICS; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; ENERGY; FEMALE; FETUS; FETUS ECHOGRAPHY; FIRST TRIMESTER PREGNANCY; GESTATIONAL AGE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; SKULL; SOFT TISSUE;

ACOUSTICS; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; BODY TEMPERATURE; FEMALE; GESTATIONAL AGE; HUMANS; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY TRIMESTER, FIRST; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; THERMOGRAPHY; TIME FACTORS; ULTRASONOGRAPHY, PRENATAL;

EID: 34249885104     PISSN: 00912751     EISSN: 10970096     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jcu.20321     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Hershkovitz R, Sheiner E, Mazor M. Ultrasound in obstetrics: a review of safety. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2002;101:15.
2. Abramowicz JS. Ultrasound in obstetrics and gynecology: is this hot technology too hot? J Ultrasound Med 2002;21:1327.
3. Duck FA. Is it safe to use diagnostic ultrasound during the first trimester? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1999;13:385.
4. Cavicchi TJ, O'Brien WD Jr. Heat generated by ultrasound in an absorbing medium. J Acoust Soc Am 1984;70:1244.
5. Nyborg WL, Steele RB. Temperature elevation in a beam of ultrasound. Ultrasound Med Biol 1983;9:611.
6. Flynn HG. Physics of acoustic cavitation in liquids. In: Mason WP, editor. Physical acoustics, volume 1B. New York: Academic Press; 1964. p 57.
7. Child SZ, Hartman C, Schery LA, et al. Lung damage from exposure to pulsed ultrasound. Ultrasound Med Biol 1990;16:817.
8. Salvesen KA. Ultrasound and left-handedness: a sinister association. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2002; 19:217.
9. American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine: Mechanical Bioeffects from diagnostic ultrasound: AIUM Consensus statements. Section 8. J Ultrasound Med 2000,19:149.
10. National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP). Exposure criteria for medical diagnostic ultrasound: II. Criteria based on all known mechanisms. Bethesda, MD: NCRP Report No. 140; 2002.
11. O'Brien WD, Siddiqi TA. Obstetric Sonography: The Output Display Standard and Ultrasound Bioeffects. In: Fleischer AC, Manning FA, Jeanty P, Romero R, editors. Sonography in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Principles and Practice, Sixth Edition, McGraw-Hill, Medical Publishing Division, New York, 2001;29-48.
12. Abramowicz JS, Kossoff G, Marsal K, et al. Literature review by the ISUOG Bioeffects and Safety Committee. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2002;19:318.
13. Miller MW, Brayman A, Abramowicz JS. Obstetric ultrasonography, a biophysical consideration of patient safety: the "rules" have changed. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1998;179:241.
14. Nyborg WL. Acoustic streaming. In: Mason WP, editor. Physical acoustics, volume 1B. New York: Academic Press; 1965. p 265.
15. Cavicchi TJ, O'Brien WD Jr. Heat generated by ultrasound in an absorbing medium. J Acoust Soc Am 1984;70:1244.
16. Edwards MJ. Commentaries on hyperthermia. Birth Defects Res 2006;76:507.
17. O'Brien WD Jr. Ultrasound dosimetry and interaction mechanisms. In: Greene MW, editor. Nonionizing radiation: Proceedings of the Second International Nonionizing Radiation Workshop. Vancouver, British Columbia: Canadian Radiation Protection Association; 1992. p 151.
18. Barnett SB, editor. WFUMB (The World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology) symposium on safety of ultrasound in medicine. Recommendation on the safe use of ultrasound. Ultrasound Med Biol 1998;24(Suppl 1):xv.
19. Bly S, Van den Hof MC;Diagnostic Imaging Committee, Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada. Obstetric ultrasound biological effects and safety. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2005; 27:572-80.
20. Sheiner E, Freeman J, Abramowicz JS. Acoustic output as measured by mechanical and thermal indices during routine obstetrical ultrasound. J Ultrasound Med 2005;24:1665.
21. Tarantal AF, Hendrickx AG. Evaluation of the bio-effect of prenatal ultrasound exposure in the cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis). II. Growth and behavior during the first year. Teratology 1989; 39:149.
22. Newnham JP, Evans SF, Michael CA, et al. Effects of frequent ultrasound during pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial. Lancet 1993;342:887.
23. Evans S, Newnham J, MacDonald W, et al. Characterization of the possible effect on birthweight following frequent prenatal ultrasound examinations. Early Hum Dev 1996;45:203.
24. Newnham JP, Doherty DA, Kendall GE, et al. Effects of repeated prenatal ultrasound examinations on childhood outcome up to 8 years of age: follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. Lancet 2004;364:2038.
25. Moore RM Jr, Diamond EL, Cavalieri RL. The relationship of birth weight and intrauterine diagnostic ultrasound exposure. Obstet Gynecol 1988; 71:513.
26. Lyons EA, Dyke C, Toms M, et al. In utero exposure to diagnostic ultrasound: a 6 year follow-up. Radiology 1988;166:687.
27. Sheiner E, Hackmon R, Shoham-Vardi I, et al. Comparison between acoustic output indices in 2D and 3D/4D ultrasound in obstetrics. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2007;29:326-328.