Sensitivity analysis of pediment development through numerical simulation and selected geospatial query

Geomorphology

Volumn 88, Issue 3-4, 2007, Pages 329-351

  Strudley, Mark W ^a   Murray, A Brad ^a  

^a DUKE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Arid landforms; Landscape evolution modeling; Pediments; Sediment transport; Tors; Weathering

Indexed keywords

ARID ENVIRONMENT; GEOMORPHOLOGICAL MAPPING; GEOMORPHOLOGY; LANDSCAPE EVOLUTION; MODELING; NUMERICAL MODEL; PEDIMENT; PIEDMONT; REGOLITH; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; WEATHERING RATE;

EID: 34249874637     PISSN: 0169555X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.12.008     Document Type: Article

References (99)

1. Aksoy R., Sadler P., and Biehler S. Granity anomalies over sedimentary basins on the Helendale fault trend. In: Kooser M.A., and Reynolds R.E. (Eds). Geology Around the Margins of the Eastern San Bernardino Mountains (1986), Inland Geol. Soc., Redlands, CA 121-128
2. Anderson R.S. Modeling the tor-dotted crests, bedrock edges, and parabolic profiles of high alpine surfaces of the Wind River Range, Wyoming. Geomorphology 46 (2002) 35-58
3. 2 enrichment. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 15 (2001) 149-162
4. Ballesteros E.M., and Martin M.C. Study of weathering processes developed on old piedmont surfaces in Western Spain: new contributions to the interpretation of the "Rana" profiles. Geomorphology 42 (2002) 279-292
5. Barth H.K. Pedimentgenerationen und reliefentwicklung im schichstufenland Saudi-Arabiens. Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie. Supplementband 24 (1976) 111-119
6. Beauvais A., Ritz M., Parisot J.-C., and Bantsimba C. Testing etching hypothesis for the shaping of granite dome structures beneath lateritic weathering landsurfaces using ERT method. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 28 (2003) 1071-1080
7. Bedient P.B., and Huber W.C. Hydrology and Floodplain Analysis (1992), Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., Reading, MA 692 pp.
8. Berkey C.P., and Morris F.K. Pediments in the Gobi. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 43 (1932) 130
9. Blackwelder E. Desert plains. Journal of Geology 39 (1931) 133-140
10. Boring, L. 1999. An empirical model of large scale sediment transport in arid terrain. M.S. Thesis, Duke University, Durham, 149 pp.
11. Bourne J.A., and Twidale C.R. Pediments and alluvial fans: genesis and relationships in the western piedmont of the Flinders Ranges, South Australia. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 45 (1998) 123-135
12. Brady R.J., Fryxell J.E., and Wernicke B.P. Preliminary Geologic Map of the Iceberg Canyon Quadrangle, Clark County, Nevada and Mohave County, Arizona. Open-File Report 03-18 (2002), Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, Reno, NV
13. Bryan K. Erosion and Sedimentation in the Papago Country vol. 730 (1922), U.S. Geological Survey
14. Bryan K. Pediments developed in basins with through drainage as illustrated by the Socorro area, New Mexico. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 43 (1932) 1-128
15. Bryan K., and McCann F.T. Successive pediments and terraces of the upper Rio Puerco in New Mexico. Journal of Geology 44 (1936) 145-172
16. Bull W.B. The alluvial-fan environment. Progress in Physical Geography 1 (1977) 222-270
17. Carson M.A., and Kirkby M.J. Hillslope Form and Process (1972), Cambridge Univ. Press, New York
18. Clarke M.L., and Rendell H.M. Process-form relationships in Southern Italian badlands: erosion rates and implications for landform evolution. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 31 (2006) 15-29
19. Cooke R.U. Morphometric analysis of pediments and associated landforms in the western Mojave Desert, California. American Journal of Science 269 (1970) 26-38
20. Cossette, P.M., 2000. Geologic map and digital database of the Cougar Buttes 7.5′ quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California. U. S. Dept. of the Interior; U. S. Geological Survey.
21. Cossette, P.M., 2001a. Geologic map and digital database of the Conejo Well 7.5 minute quadrangle, Riverside County, California. U.S. Dept. of the Interior; U.S. Geological Survey.
22. Cossette, P.M., 2001b. Geologic map and digitial database of the Porcupine Wash 7.5 minute quadrangle, Riverside County, California. U.S. Dept. of the Interior.
23. Cox N.J. On the relationship between bedrock lowering and regolith thickness. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 5 (1980) 271-274
24. Daly C., Neilson R.P., and Phillips D.L. A statistical-topographic model for mapping climatological precipitation over mountainous terrain. Journal of Applied Meteorology 33 (1994) 140-158
25. Dethier D.P., and Lazarus E.D. Geomorphic inferences from regolith thickness, chemical denudation, and CRN erosion rates near the glacial limit, Boulder Creek catchment and vicinity, Colorado. Geomorphology 75 (2006) 384-399
26. Dietrich W.E., Bellugi D.G., Sklar L.S., Stock J.D., Heimsath A.M., and Roering J.J. Geomorphic transport laws for predicting landscape form and dynamics. In: Wilcock P.R., and Iverson R.M. (Eds). Prediction in Geomorphology. Geophysical Monograph vol. 135 (2003), American Geophysical Union, Washington, D. C.
27. Doering D.O. Discrimination of pediments and alluvial fans from topographic maps. Geological Society of America Bulletin 81 (1970) 3109-3116
28. Dohrenwend J.C. Tectonic control of pediment distribution in the Western Great Basin. GSA Abstracts with Programs 14 (1982) 161
29. Dohrenwend J.C. Pediments in arid environments. In: Abrahams A.D., and Parsons A.J. (Eds). Geomorphology of Desert Environments (1994), Chapman and Hall, London 321-353
30. Dohrenwend J.C., Wells S.G., McFadden L.D., and Turrin B.D. Pediment dome evolution in the Eastern Mojave Desert, California. In: Gardiner V. (Ed). International Geomorphology 1986 Part II (1986), John Wiley and Sons, Ltd., Chichester 1047-1062
31. Dunne T., and Aubry B.F. Evaluation of Horton's theory of sheetwash and rill erosion on the basis of field experiments. In: Abrahams A.D. (Ed). Hillslope Processes (1986), Allen and Unwin, Boston 31-53
32. Dunne T., and Leopold L.B. Water in Environmental Planning (1978), W. H. Freeman and Company, New York, N.Y 818 pp.
33. Eagleson P.S. Climate, soil, and vegetation, 2. The distribution of annual precipitation derived from observed storm sequences. Water Resources Research 14 (1978) 713-721
34. Eggler D.H., Larson E.E., and Bradley W.C. Granites, grusses, and the Sherman Erosion Surface, southern Laramie Range, Colorado-Wyoming. American Journal of Science 267 (1969) 510-522
35. Eppes M.C., McFadden L.D., Matti J., and Powell R. Influence of soil development on the geomorphic evolution of landscapes: an example from the transverse ranges of California. Geology 30 (2002) 195-198
36. Fairbridge R.W. Note on bornhardt formation-the King-Twidale exchange. Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie 21 (1977) 368
37. Fernandes N.F., and Dietrich W.E. Hillslope evolution by diffusive processes: the timescale of equilibrium adjustments. Water Resources Research 33 (1997) 1307-1318
38. Furbish D.J., and Fagherazzi S. Stability of creeping soil and implications for hillslope evolution. Water Resources Research 37 (2001) 2607-2618
39. Gilbert G.K. Report on the geology of the Henry Mountains. U.S. Geographical and Geological Survey of the Rocky Mountain Region (1877), U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C.
40. Granger D.E., Kirchner J.W., and Finkel R. Spatially averaged long-term erosion rates measured from in situ produced cosmogenic nuclides in alluvial sediment. Journal of Geology 104 (1996) 249-257
41. 10Be. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 186 (2001) 269-281
42. Hawk, K.L., Eagleson, P.S., 1992. Climatology of station storm rainfall in the continental United States: Parameters of the bartlett-lewis and poisson rectangular pulses models. Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, Hydrology and Water Resources Systems, pp. 330.
43. Hanks T.C., Bucknam R.C., Lajoie K.R., and Wallace R.E. Modification of wave-cut and fault-controlled landforms. Journal of Geophysical Research 89 (1984) 5771-5790
44. Heimsath A.M., Dietrich W.E., Nishiizumi K., and Finkel R.C. The soil production function and landscape equilibrium. Nature 388 (1997) 358-361
45. Heimsath A.M., Dietrich W.E., Nishiizumi K., and Finkel R.C. Cosmogenic nuclides, topography, and the spatial variation of soil depth. Geomorphology 27 (1999) 151-172
46. Heimsath A.M., Chappell J., Dietrich W.E., Nishiizumi K., and Finkel R.C. Soil production on a retreating escarpment in southeastern Australia. Geology 28 (2000) 787-790
47. Hirschberg, D.M., Pitts, G.S., 2000. Digital geologic map of Arizona: A digital database derived from the 1983 printing of the Wilson, Moore, and Cooper 1:500,000-scale map. Open-File Report 00-409, United State Dept. of the Interior; U.S. Geological Survey.
48. Howard A.D. A detachment-limited model of drainage basin evolution. Water Resources Research 30 (1994) 2261-2285
49. Howes D.A., and Abrahams A.D. Modeling runoff and runon in a desert shrubland ecosystem, Jornada Basin, New Mexico. Geomorphology 53 (2003) 45-73
50. John S. Murk Engineers, Inc., LeRoy Crandall and Associates, 1985. Historic and present conditions, upper Mojave River basin: Apple Valley, CA, Mojave Water Agency, Apple Valley, CA.
51. Jyotsna R., and Haff P.K. Microtopography as an indicator of modern hillslope diffusivity in arid terrain. Geology 25 (1997) 695-698
52. King L.C. The pediment landform: some current problems. Geological Magazine 86 (1949) 245-250
53. King L.C. Canons of landscape evolution. Geological Society of America Bulletin 64 (1953) 721-752
54. Knechtel M.M. Pediments of the Little Rocky Mountains, North-Central Montana. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 64 (1953) 1445
55. Knepper Jr., D.H., 2003. Shapefile of the elevation of the bedrock surface beneath the Rocky Flats Alluvial Fan, Boulder and Jefferson Counties, Colorado. Open-File Report 03-443, U. S. Dept. of the Interior; U. S. Geological Survey.
56. Miller V.C. Pediments and pediment-forming processes near House Rock, Arizona. Journal of Geology 58 (1948) 634-645
57. Miller D.M. Characteristics, age, and tectonic implications of the Mid Hills Pediment. SBCMA Quarterly 42 (1995) 69-74
58. Miller D.M., Miller R.J., Nielson J.E., Wilshire H.G., Howard K.A., and Stone P. Preliminary geologic map of the East Mojave National Scenic Area, California. Open-File Report 91-435 (1991), USGS
59. Mills H.H. Pediment evolution at Roan Mountain, North Carolina, USA. Geografiska Annaler. Series A. Physical Geography 65 (1983) 111-126
60. Morris F.K. Some pediments in Arizona. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 43 (1932) 129
61. Murray A.B., and Paola C. Modelling the effect of vegetation on channel pattern in bedload rivers. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 28 (2003) 131-143
62. 26Al. Geomorphology 45 (2002) 105-125
63. Nichols K.K., Bierman P.R., Caffee M., Finkel R., and Larsen J. Cosmogenically enabled sediment budgeting. Geology 33 (2005) 133-136
64. NOAA, 1999. Hourly Precipitation Data. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Climatic Data Center, Ashville, NC.
65. Oberlander T.M. Morphogenesis of granitic boulder slopes in the Mojave Desert, California. Journal of Geology 80 (1972) 1-20
66. Oberlander T.M. Landscape inheritance and the pediment problem in the Mojave Desert of Southern California. American Journal of Science 274 (1974) 849-875
67. Pavich M.J. Regolith residence time and the concept of surface age of the piedmont "peneplain". Geomorphology 2 (1989) 181-196
68. Pearce S.A., Pazzaglia F.J., and Eppes M.C. Ephemeral stream response to growing folds. Geological Society of America Bulletin (2004) 116 10.1130/B25386.1
69. Powell, R., 2001a. Geologic map and digital database of the Conejo Well 7.5 minute quadrangle, Riverside County, California. Open-File Report 01-31, U. S. Dept. of the Interior; U. S. Geological Survey.
70. Powell, R., 2001b. Geologic map and digitial database of the Porcupine Wash 7.5 minute quadrangle, Riverside County, California. Open-File Report 01-30, U. S. Dept. of the Interior; U. S. Geological Survey.
71. Powell R.E., and Matti J. Stratigraphic and geomorphic relations between the Mojave Desert and San Bernardino Mts. piedmont, Lucerne Valley, CA: Part 1. The Geological Society of America 94th Annual Meeting: Cordilleran Section. Geological Society of America, CSULB Pyramid and Pointe Conference Center, Long Beach, CA (1998) 59
72. Powell R.E., and Matti J. Stratigraphic and geomorphic relations between the Mojave Desert and San Bernardino Mts. piedmont, Lucerne Valley, CA: Part 2. The Geological Society of America 94th Annual Meeting: Cordilleran Section. Geological Society of America, CSULB Pyramid and Pointe Conference Center, Long Beach, CA (1998) 59
73. Powell, R., Matti, J., 2000. Geologic map and digital database of the Cougar Buttes 7.5′ quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California. Summary Pamphlet: Late Cenozoic deposits of the Cougar Buttes 7.5′ quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California, U. S. Dept. of the Interior; U. S. Geological Survey.
74. Rich J.L. Origin and evolution of rock fans and pediments. Geological Society of America Bulletin 46 (1935) 999-1024
75. Riebe C.S., Kirchner J.W., and Finkel R. Erosional and climatic effects on long-term chemical weathering rates in granitic landscapes spanning diverse climatic regimes. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 224 (2004) 547-562
76. Riley, F.S., 1956. Data on water wells in Lucerne, Johnson, Fry, and Means Valleys, San Bernardino County, California. Open File Report, U. S. Geological Survey and California Division of Water Resources, Long Beach, CA.
77. Ruxton B.P. Weathering and subsurface erosion in granite at the piedmont angle, Balos, Sudan. Geological Magazine 95 (1958) 353-377
78. Ruxton B.P., and Berry L. Notes on faceted slopes, rock fans and domes on granite in the east-central Sudan. American Journal of Science 259 (1961) 194-206
79. Schumm S.A. Erosion on miniature pediments in Badlands National Monument, South Dakota. Geological Society of America Bulletin 73 (1962) 719-724
80. Sharon D. On the nature of hamadas in Israel. Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie 5 (1962) 129-147
81. Sharp R.P. Geomorphology of Cima Dome, Mojave Desert, California. Geological Society of America Bulletin 68 (1957) 273-290
82. Spotila J.A., and Sieh K. Architecture of transpressional thrust faulting in the San Bernardino Mountains, southern California, from deformation of a deeply weathered surface. Tectonics 19 (2000) 589-615
83. Stewart, J.H., Carlson, J.E., Raines, G.L., Connors, K.A., Moyer, L.A., Miller, R.J., 2003. Spatial digital database for the geologic map of Nevada. Open-File Report 03-66, U. S. Dept. of the Interior.
84. Strudley M.W., Murray A.B., and Haff P.K. The emergence of pediments, tors, and piedmont junctions from a bedrock weathering-regolith thickness feedback. Geology 34 (2006) 805-808
85. Strudley M.W., Murray A.B., and Haff P.K. Regolith-thickness instability and the formation of tors in arid environments. Journal of Geophysical Research-Earth Surface (2006) 111 10.1029/2005JF000405
86. Tarboton D.G. A new method for the determination of flow directions and upslope areas in grid digital elevation models. Water Resources Research 33 (1997) 309-319
87. Thomas M.F. Some aspects of the Geomorphology of domes and tors in Nigeria. Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie 9 (1965) 63-81
88. Thomas M.F. The role of etch processes in landform development I. Etching concepts and their applications. Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie 33 (1989) 129-142
89. Tucker G.E., and Bras R.L. A stochastic approach to modeling the role of rainfall variability in drainage basin evolution. Water Resources Research 36 (2000) 1953-1964
90. Twidale C.R. The character and interpretation of some pediment mantles. Sedimentary Geology 22 (1979) 1-20
91. Twidale C.R. Origins and environments of pediments. Journal of the Geological Society of Australia 28 (1981) 423-434
92. In: Vanoni V.A. (Ed). Sedimentation Engineering. ASCE Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice-No. 54 (1975), American Society of Civil Engineers, New York 745 pp.
93. Vincent P., and Sadah A. The profile form of rock-cut pediments in western Saudi Arabia. Journal of Arid Environments 32 (1996) 121-139
94. Wahrhaftig C. Stepped topography of the Southern Sierra Nevada, California. Geological Society of America Bulletin 76 (1965) 1165-1190
95. Warnke D.A. Pediment evolution in the Halloran Hills, central Mojave Desert, California. Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie 13 (1969) 357-389
96. Whitaker C.R. The use of the term 'pediment' and related terminology. Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie 23 (1979) 427-439
97. Wilkinson M.T., and Humphreys G.S. Exploring pedogenesis via nuclide-based soil production rates and OSL-based bioturbation rates. Australian Journal of Soil Research 43 (2005) 767-779
98. Wilkinson M.T., Chappell J., Humphreys G.S., Fifield K., Smith B., and Hesse P. Soil production in heath and forest, Blue Mountains, Australia: influence of lithology and palaeoclimate. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 30 (2005) 923-934
99. Wilshire H.G., and Reneau S.L. Geomorphic surfaces and underlying deposits of the Mohave Mountains Piedmont, Lower Colorado River, Arizona. Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie 36 (1992) 207-226